Foreign Technology and Local Agents of Modernization: The Rusçuk and Varna Railway Project as a Case Study for the Ottoman Modernization

In: Transforming Southeast Europe During the Long 19th Century
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Boriana Antonova-Goleva
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Abstract

The Ottoman railway development began in the second half of the nineteenth century and was closely related to the modernization of the Empire during the Tanzimat. The Rusçuk (nowadays Ruse) and Varna railway was one of the lines which was of particular importance to the Sublime Porte. Therefore, as early as 1855 the imperial government started discussions with the British engineers Lionel and Francis Gisborne for the implementation of the scheme. Yet, at the end of 1856 and the beginning of 1857 it abruptly shifted its approach towards this strategical project by ceasing the negotiations with the Gisborne brothers and putting forward a local application. The application was made by Anastas and Dimităr Stoyanovich and Panayot Hadzhi Sava – Ottoman merchants from Şumnu (nowadays Shumen) – and was officially and unofficially patronized by the Grand Vizier Mustafa Reşid Pasha and the President of the Tanzimat Council Kıbrıslı Mehmed Pasha. Though ultimately the local project was never implemented, it offers an intriguing case study of how the Ottoman modernization was carried out. Thus, the chapter discusses the development of the Rusçuk and Varna railway project as part of the Ottoman modernization policy on a central government level, as well as the implementation of the project on a provincial level. It also sheds light on the agents of modernization that were engaged in the scheme, their family and economic background, administrative positions, social status, and motivation to join the venture.

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Transforming Southeast Europe During the Long 19th Century

Persons and Personalities as Agents of Modernization in the Ottoman and Post-Ottoman Space

Series:  Balkan Studies Library, Volume: 35
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