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The Arab conquest of Cordoba in 711 CE brought with it a new historical era marked by political, religious, and socioeconomic changes, which were reflected in the city’s urban structure and the construction of new buildings of power. In this Islamization process, the suburbs played a central role in shaping the landscape outside the city walls. Using a combination of new archaeological data and information gathered from written texts, in this paper we propose a historical and spatial evolution of Cordoba, which begins with the independent emirate and ends with the Christian conquest of the city in 1236 CE.