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Considering selected fragments of Ephorus, Theopompus and Callisthenes, this essay focuses on their use of documentary evidence, especially inscriptions, and of archaic lyric poetry. It tentatively suggests that these historians may have been more interested in textual evidence and more versed in antiquarian techniques than is often thought. In terms of methodology, their works may complicate in interesting ways the separation of antiquarianism and historiography observed by Momigliano.