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In the late Ottoman Empire, a generation of state physicians started publishing a range of books and periodicals related to public health and hygiene. Emerging at a time when diseases like tuberculosis, malaria, cholera, and syphilis were common occurrences, such publications aimed to shape understanding health and hygiene among school children, pilgrims, soldiers, and the public. Often translated from western medical literature, these materials used accessible language devoid of specialized jargon and portrayed health and disease through a scientific lens rather than religious or cultural perspectives. However, political, economic, and social factors influenced the depictions of topics. This is especially true when they covered the issue of drinking and alcoholism, a topic that has always generated emotional responses. An examination of late nineteenth-century Ottoman periodical, Sıhhat [Health] reveals how western anxieties about alcohol permeated Ottoman society, particularly amid the era of European economic imperialism.