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Cavalry played a central role in the tactics of Philip II and Alexander the Great. Both men regularly deployed their cavalry in ways that created decisive action on the battlefield. Philip made a clear statement about the deadly effectiveness of cavalry when deployed strategically against infantry, and Alexander made cavalry his primary offensive and defensive arms. Key to the tactics of both men was the origins of their main cavalry forces: Macedonia and Thessaly. These two regions were ideally suited to the practice of hippotrophia, and the pervasive presence of the horse in Macedonian and Thessalian society was the foundation of the skill and expertise their cavalry displayed on the battlefield, a factor used with great effectiveness by Philip and Alexander.
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