Accessing the plant architecture in 3D for plant phenotyping - recent approaches and requirements
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Three-dimensional measuring devices are able to provide highly accurate surface descriptions of crop plants in different scenarios. During recent decades, 3D devices have been used for measuring plant geometry at single plant and organ level. Various techniques such as laser triangulation, structured light scanning, time of flight and structure from motion approaches are used at different scales in laboratories, in greenhouses and in the field. This work aims to give an overview about the state- of-the-art 3D parameters that were extracted from the literature together with the focused plants and their biological links. Two main techniques, laser triangulation and structure-from-motion, are introduced and described regarding the extraction of simple and more complex plant traits in 3D to give an overview about state-of-the-art geometrical plant traits that are only measurable in three dimensional plant images. As a specific example, plant traits were described and introduced for a dataset showing the development of a maize plant over time from a greenhouse experiment.