Vegetation indices from remote sensing imagery as proxies for yield and grain N in wheat
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The use of vegetation indices (VIs) might help to adjust fertilizer and irrigation, increase yield and reduce costs and nitrogen (N) losses. The objectives were to evaluate the use of VIs extracted from remote sensing imagery to estimate crop N status, yield and grain N content in wheat (Triticum aestivum, L.). A field experiment conducted with four N fertilizer levels randomly distributed in 32 plots (25×25 m2), half irrigated and half rain-fed. At two sampling times, biomass and N uptake were determined, ground sensors measurements were taken, and multi-spectral imagery was acquired by an unmanned aerial vehicle. At harvest, yield was recorded with a combine and grain N determined. VIs obtained from ground measurements were highly correlated with those from the aerial platform. Using planar domain VIs, which relate N concentration and biomass, correlated well to crop N status and showed high potential for fertilizer recommendation, as well as yield and grain N prediction in wheat.