85. The impact of regulation on autonomous crop equipment in Europe

In: Precision agriculture '21
Authors:
J. Lowenberg-DeBoer Harper Adams University, Land Farm and Agribusiness Management, Newport, Shropshire, TF10 8NB, United Kingdom.

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K. Behrendt Harper Adams University, Land Farm and Agribusiness Management, Newport, Shropshire, TF10 8NB, United Kingdom.

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M. Canavari Alma Matter Studiorum-University of Bologna, Vale Giuseppe Fanin 50, 40127 Bologna, Italy.

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M.-H. Ehlers Agricultral Economics and Policy Group, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland.

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A. Gabriel Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture, Kleeberg 14, 94099 Ruhstorf a.d. Rott, Germany.

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I. Huang Harper Adams University, Land Farm and Agribusiness Management, Newport, Shropshire, TF10 8NB, United Kingdom.

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S. Kopfinger Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture, Kleeberg 14, 94099 Ruhstorf a.d. Rott, Germany.

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R. Lenain Université Clermont Auvergne, National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment, Clermont-Ferrand, UR-TSCF 63000, France.

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A. Meyer-Aurich Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy, Max-Eyth-Allee 100, 14469 Potsdam, Germany.

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G. Milics Széchenyi István University, Department of Biosystems and Food Engineering, Vár 2, 9200 Mosonmagyaróvár, Hungary.

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K. Oluseyi Olagunju Agri-Food and Resources Institute, 18a Newforge Lane, Belfast, Northern Ireland, BT9 5PX, United Kingdom.

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S.M. Pedersen University of Copenhagen, Department of Food and Resource Economics, Rolighedsvej 25, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.

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D. Rose University of Reading, P.O. Box 237, Earley Gate, Reading, Berkshire, RG6 6EU, United Kingdom.

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O. Spykman Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture, Kleeberg 14, 94099 Ruhstorf a.d. Rott, Germany.

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B. Tisseyre ITAP, Univ. Montpellier, Montpellier SupAgro, INRAE, 34060 Montpellier, France.

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I. Zdráhal Mendel University, Zemědělská 1/1665, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.

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Governments required on-site human supervision for the crop robots being tested throughout Europe in 2020. For arable farms, initial evidence suggested that requiring on-site human supervision could lead to robots being used on larger farms with large fields where one human can supervise multiple robots. In spite of the technical progress in crop robotics, the legal, regulatory and policy issues around this technology have hardly been explored. Some observers suggest that, at this point, those issues may be a bigger challenge to implementation of crop robotics than the technical aspects.

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