Style, Function, and Design Influence in Early Classical Western Greece
In: Acta ArchaeologicaSearch for other papers by Spencer Pope in
Current site
Google Scholar
Abstract
This paper discusses the development of monumental temple building in Sicily and Magna Graecia in the early Classical Period in terms of style and design in relation to cult and political structures. It is demonstrated that there was a coherent style that defined a moment of rapid construction in Western Greece in 480 B.C., and that the noteworthy building in Sicily eventually influenced mainland Greek architecture. This moment of intense construction is one result of the victory over the Carthaginians in the Battle at Himera, which ushered in an exuberant political environment driven by ambitious tyrants that revised the urban built environment and cult distribution in Sicily.
Purchase
Buy instant access (PDF download and unlimited online access):
Institutional Login
Log in with Open Athens, Shibboleth, or your institutional credentials
Personal login
Log in with your brill.com account
-
Adornato, G. 2007. “Delphic Enigmas? The Γέλας ἀνάσσων, Polyzalos, and the Charioteer Statue.” AJA 112:29–56.
-
Allegro, N. 1988–1989. “Himera 1984–88. Ricerche dell’Istituto di Archeologia nell’area della città.” Kokalos 34–35:637–658.
-
Allegro, N., and S. Vassallo. 1992. “Himera. Nuove ricerche nella città bassa (1989–1992).” Kokalos 38:79–150.
-
Amara, G. 2020a. “Quanti templi per la vittoria di Himera? Nuove evidenze dall’Athenaion di Siracusa.” In The Fight for Greek Sicily. Society, Politics, and Landscape, edited by M. Jonasch, 215–242. Oxford.
-
Amara, G. 2020b. “Monuments to the Tyrannies. The Athenaion of Syracuse Reconsidered: Sources, Materials, Contexts.” In Innovations and Inventions in Athens c. 530 to 470 BCE – Two Crucial Generations, edited by M. Meyer and G. Adornato, 231–251. Wiener Forschungen zur Archäologie 18. Vienna.
-
Bell, M. 1980. “Stylobate and Roof in the Olympieion at Akragas.” AJA 84:359–372.
-
Bogaert, R. 1968. Banques et banquiers dans les cités grecques. Leiden.
-
Bonacasa, N. 1980. “Dei e culti di Himera.” In Φιλίας Χάριν. Miscellanea di studi classici in onore di Eugenio Manni, Vol. 1, edited by M.J. Fontana, M.T. Piraino and F.P. Rizzo, 259–269. Rome.
-
Bonacasa, N. 1982. “Ipotesi sulle sculture del tempio della Vittoria a Himera.” In ΑΠΑΡΧΑΙ. Nuove ricerche e studi sulla Magna Grecia e la Sicilia antica in onore di Paolo Enrico Arias, edited by M.L. Gualandi, L. Massei and S. Settis, 291–304. Pisa.
-
Bonacasa, N. 1992. “Da Agrigento a Himera: la proiezione culturale.” In Agrigento e la Sicilia Greca. Atti della settimana di studio. Agrigento, 2–8 maggio 1988, edited by L. Braccesi and E. De Miro, 133–150. Rome.
-
Braccesi, L. 2010. “Diodoro, Imera e il tempio della Vittoria.” Hesperìa. Studi sulla Grecità d’Occidente 26:71–75.
-
Broucke, P.B.F.J. 1996. “The Temple of Olympian Zeus at Agrigento.” PhD. Diss., Yale University.
-
Coarelli, F. 1982. “La ‘pugna equistris’ di Agatocle nell’Athenaion di Siracusa.” In ΑΠΑΡΧΑΙ. Nuove ricerche e studi sulla Magna Grecia e la Sicilia antica in onore di Paolo Enrico Arias, edited by M.L. Gualandi, L. Massei and S. Settis, 547–557. Pisa.
-
Consoli, V. 2008. “Il cosiddetto Tempio della Vittoria a Himera. Per un’alternativa storico-religiosa.” Workshop di archeologia classica. Paesaggi, costruzioni, reperti 5:43–75.
-
Dinsmoor, W.B. 1950. Architecture of Ancient Greece: An Account of its Historical Development. New York.
-
Dunbabin, T.J. 1948. The Western Greeks: The History of Sicily and South Italy from the Foundations of the Greek Colonies to 480 B.C. Oxford.
-
Frasca, M. 1997. “È anonima la città Siculo-Greca di Monte San Mauro di Caltagirone?” PP 52:407–417.
-
Frasca, M. 2012. “Greci a Monte San Mauro di Caltagirone.” In Ricerche e Attività del Corso Internationalizzato di Archeologia Catania, Varsavia, Konya 2009–2012, edited by P. Militello and M. Camera, 107–119. Syndesmoi 3. Palermo.
-
Freeman, E.A. 1891. The History of Sicily from the Earliest Times. Oxford.
-
Galvagno, E. 2001. “Un tempio di Demetra κατἁ τἡν Αϊτην.” In ΠΟΙΚΙΛΜΑ. Studi in onore di Michele R. Cataudella in occasione del 60° compleanno, edited by S. Bianchetti, E. Galvagno, A. Magnelli, G. Marasco, G. Mariotta and I. Mastrorosa, 473–486. La Spezia.
-
Godley, A.D., trans. 1920. Herodotos: The Persian Wars. Vol. I, Books 1–2. Loeb Classical Library 117. Cambridge, Mass.
-
Gras, M. 1990. “Gélon et les temples de Sicile après la bataille d’Himère.” AnnArchStorAnt 12:59–69.
-
Harrell, S.E. 2002. “King or Private Citizen: Fifth-Century Sicilian Tyrants at Olympia and Delphi.” Mnemosyne 55:439–464.
-
Harrell, S.E. 2006. “Synchronicity: The Local and the Panhellenic within Sicilian Tyranny.” In Ancient Tyranny, edited by S. Lewis, 119–134. Edinburgh.
-
Harris, D. 1995. The Treasures of the Parthenon and Erechtheion. Oxford Monographs on Classical Archaeology. Oxford.
-
Hinz, V. 1998. Der Kult von Demeter und Kore auf Sizilien und in der Magna Graecia. Palilia 4. Wiesbaden.
-
Holloway, R.R. 2000. The Archaeology of Ancient Sicily, 2nd ed. London and New York.
-
Klein, N.L. 1998. “Evidence for West Greek Influence on Mainland Greek Roof Construction and the Creation of the Truss in the Archaic Period.” Hesperia 67:335–374.
-
Lindenlauf, A. 1997. “Der Perserschutt der Athener Akropolis.” In Kult und Kultbauten auf der Akropolis: Internationales Symposium vom 7. bis 9. Juli in Berlin, edited by W. Hoepfner, 46–115. Schriften des Seminars für klassische Archäologie der Freien Universität Berlin. Berlin.
-
Lippolis, E., M. Livadiotti and G. Rocco. 2007. Architettura greca. Storia e monumenti del mondo della polis dalle origini al V secolo a.C. Milano.
-
Luraghi, N. 1994. Tirannidi arcaiche in Sicilia e Magna Grecia. Da Panezio di Leontini alla caduta dei Dinomenidi. Florence.
-
Mann, C. 2013. “The Victorious Tyrant: Hieron of Syracuse in the Epinicia of Pindar and Bacchylides.” In The Splendors and Miseries of Ruling Alone: Encounters with Monarchy from Archaic Greece to the Hellenistic Mediterranean, edited by N. Luraghi, 25–48. Studies in Ancient Monarchies 1. Stuttgart.
-
Marconi, C. 1997. “I Titani e Zeus Olimpio: Sugli Atlanti dell’Olympieion di Agrigento.” Prospettiva 87–88:2–13.
-
Marconi, P. 1931. Himera. Lo scavo del Tempio della Vittoria e del temenos. Rome.
-
Mertens, D. 1984. Der Tempel von Segesta und die dorische Tempelbaukunst des griechischen Westens in klassischer Zeit. 2 vols. Sonderschriften des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts Rom 6. Mainz am Rhein.
-
Mertens, D. 1990. “L’architettura.” In Lo stile severo in Sicilia. Dall’apogeo della tirannide alla prima democrazia. Museo Archeologico Regionale, Palermo 10 febbraio–30 settembre 1990, 75–100. Palermo.
-
Mertens, D. 1996. “Greek Architecture in the West.” In The Greek World: Art and Civilization in Magna Grecia and Sicily, edited by G. Pugliese Carratelli, 315–347. New York.
-
Mertens, D. 2006. Städte und Bauten der Westgriechen. Von der Kolonisationszeit bis zur Krise um 400 vor Christus. Munich.
-
Miles, M. 1998–1999. “Interior Staircases in Western Greek Temples.” MAAR 43–44:1–26.
-
Miles, M. 2002. “Cicero’s Prosecution of Gaius Verres: A Roman View of the Ethics of Acquisition of Art.” International Journal of Cultural Property 11:28–49.
-
Miles, M. 2008. Art as Plunder: The Ancient Origins of Debate about Cultural Property. Cambridge and New York.
-
Morakis, A. 2015. “The Gamoroi and the History of Archaic Syracuse: A New Examination.” Studi di Antichità 13:33–50.
-
Morgan, K.A. 2015. Pindar and the Construction of Syracusan Monarchy in the Fifth Century B.C. Oxford.
-
Oldfather, C.H., trans. 1946. Diodorus Siculus. Library of History. Vol. 4, Books 9–12.40. Loeb Classical Library 375. Cambridge, Mass.
-
Poli-Palladini, L. 2001. “Some Reflections on Aeschylus’ Aetnae(ae).” RhM 144:287–325.
-
Pope, S., and P. Schultz. 2014. “The Chryselephantine Doors of the Parthenon.” AJA 118:19–31.
-
Privitera, S. 2003. “I tripodi dei Deinomenidi e la decima dei Siracusani.” ASAtene 81:399–432.
-
Pugliese Carratelli, G. 1932. “Gelone principe siracusano.” Archivio storico per la Sicilia orientale 28:421–446.
-
Race, W.H., ed. and trans. 1997. Pindar. Olympian Odes. Pythian Odes. Pindar Volume I. Loeb Classical Library 56. Cambridge, Mass.
-
Rocco, G. 2008. “Architettura protoclassica occidentale e influssi della madrepatria.” In Atene e la Magna Grecia dall’età arcaica all’ellenismo. Atti del quarantasettesimo convegno di studi sulla Magna Grecia. Taranto 27–30 settembre 2007, edited by Istituto per la Storia e l’Archeologia della Magna Grecia, 287–324. Taranto.
-
Rocco, G. 2010. “Il ruolo delle officine itineranti cicladiche nella trasmissione di modelli architettonici tra tardoarcaismo e protoclassicismo.” In Scolpire il marmo. Importazioni, artisti itineranti, scuole artistiche nel Mediterraneo antico. Atti del convegno di studio tenuto a Pisa, Scuola Normale Superiore, 9–11 novembre 2009, edited by G. Adornato, 159–169. Milan.
-
Roux, G. 1984. “Trésors, temples, tholos.” In Temples et sanctuaries. Séminaire de recherche 1981–1983, edited by G. Roux, 153–171. Travaux de la Maison de l’Orient 7. Lyon.
-
Rutter, N.K. 1993. “The Myth of the Damareteion.” Chiron 23: 177–188.
-
Rutter, N.K. 1997. The Greek Coinages of Southern Italy and Sicily. London.
-
Rutter, N.K. 1998. “The Coinage of Syracuse in the Early Fifth Century B.C.” In Studies in Greek Numismatics in Memory of Martin Jessop Price, edited by R. Ashton and S. Hurter, 307–315. London.
-
Salmon, J. 2001. “Temples the Measures of Men: Public Building in the Greek Economy.” In Economies Beyond Agriculture in the Classical World, edited by D.J. Mattingly and J. Salmon, 195–229. Leicester-Nottingham Studies in Ancient Society. London and New York.
-
Schultz, P. 2001. “The Akroteria of the Temple of Athena Nike.” Hesperia 70:1–47.
-
Scully, V. 1979. The Earth, the Temple, and the Gods: Greek Sacred Architecture. Rev. Ed. New Haven.
-
Sfameni Gasparro, G. 2008. “Demetra in Sicilia: tra identità panellenica e connotazioni locali.” In Demetra la divinità, i santuari, il culto, la leggenda. Atti del I Congresso Internazionale, Enna, 1–4 luglio 2004, edited by C.A. Di Stefano, 25–40. Biblioteca di “Sicilia Antiqua” 2. Pisa and Rome.
-
Stewart, A. 2008a. “The Persian and Carthaginian Invasions of 480 B.C.E. and the Beginning of the Classical Style: Part 1, The Stratigraphy, Chronology, and Significance of the Acropolis Deposits.” AJA 112:377–412.
-
Stewart, A. 2008b. “The Persian and Carthaginian Invasions of 480 B.C.E. and the Beginning of the Classical Style: Part 2, The Finds from Other Sites in Athens, Attica, Elsewhere in Greece, and on Sicily; Part 3, The Severe Style: Motivation and Meaning.” AJA 112:581–615.
-
Van Compernolle, T. 1992. L’influence de la politique des Deinoménides et des Emménides sur l’architecture et l’urbanisme sicéliotes. Académie royale de Belgique. Classe des lettres. Fonds René Draguet 9. Lovanii.
-
Vassallo, S. 2010. “Le Bataglie di Himera alle luce degli scavi nella necropoli occidentale e alle fortificazioni, i luoghi, i protagonisti.” Sicilia Antiqua. An International Journal of Archaeology 7:17–38.
-
Vonderstein, M. 2000. “Das Olympieion von Akragas. Orientalische Bauformen an einem griechischen Siegestempel?” JdI 115:37–77.
-
Voza, G. 1976–1977. “L’attività della Soprintendenza alle Antichità della Sicilia Orientale.” Kokalos 22–23:551–585.
-
Voza, G. 1980–1981. “L’attività della Soprintendenza alle Antichità della Sicilia Orientale.” Kokalos 26–27:674–693.
-
Voza, G. 1984–1985. “Attività nel territorio della Soprintendenza alle Antichità di Siracusa nel quadriennio 1980–1984.” Kokalos 30–31:657–676.
-
White, D. 1964. “Demeter’s Sicilian Cult as a Political Instrument.” GRBS 5:261–279.
-
Zoppi, C. 2004. “Le fasi costruttive del cosiddetto santuario rupestre di San Biagio ad Agrigento: alcune osservazioni.” Sicilia Antiqua. An International Journal of Archaeology 1:41–79.
| All Time | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 15 | 15 | 0 |
| Full Text Views | 35 | 35 | 8 |
| PDF Views & Downloads | 131 | 131 | 12 |
Style, Function, and Design Influence in Early Classical Western Greece
In: Acta ArchaeologicaSearch for other papers by Spencer Pope in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Abstract
This paper discusses the development of monumental temple building in Sicily and Magna Graecia in the early Classical Period in terms of style and design in relation to cult and political structures. It is demonstrated that there was a coherent style that defined a moment of rapid construction in Western Greece in 480 B.C., and that the noteworthy building in Sicily eventually influenced mainland Greek architecture. This moment of intense construction is one result of the victory over the Carthaginians in the Battle at Himera, which ushered in an exuberant political environment driven by ambitious tyrants that revised the urban built environment and cult distribution in Sicily.
| All Time | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 15 | 15 | 0 |
| Full Text Views | 35 | 35 | 8 |
| PDF Views & Downloads | 131 | 131 | 12 |