Neptunus and To Løver: An Archaeological, Archival, and Dendrochronological Survey of Two Danish Prize Ships, Scuttled in the Stockholm Archipelago in 1659
In: Acta ArchaeologicaSearch for other papers by Aoife Daly in
Current site
Google Scholar
Search for other papers by Niklas Eriksson in
Current site
Google Scholar
Search for other papers by Jim Hansson in
Current site
Google Scholar
Abstract
We report the archaeological survey, dendrochronological analysis, and archival research concerning two shipwrecks located in shallow waters outside Vaxholm in the Stockholm Archipelago, Baltic Sea. According to oral tradition, the two wrecks are the remains of Neptunus and To Løver, two former Danish warships that were taken as prizes at the battle of Fehmarn in 1644. The Swedish navy then used the two ships until 1659, when they were reportedly scuttled as a blockage along the sea route towards Stockholm. Before being intentionally scuttled, the two ships drifted away and sank. The work presented in this article confirms the substance of the tradition and reports that substantial portions of the two ships are preserved. Moreover, the two wrecks shed light on the scuttling process and the construction of an underwater barrier.
Purchase
Buy instant access (PDF download and unlimited online access):
Institutional Login
Log in with Open Athens, Shibboleth, or your institutional credentials
Personal login
Log in with your brill.com account
-
Askgaard, F. 1974. Kampen om Östersjön på Carl X Gustafs tid: Ett bidrag till nordisk sjökrigshistoria. Carl X Gustaf-studier 6. Stockholm (Militärhistoriska Förlaget).
-
Bellamy, M. 2006a. Christian IV and His Navy: A Political and Administrative History of the Danish Navy 1596–1648. Leiden (Brill).
-
Bellamy, M. 2006b. David Balfour and Early Modern Danish ship design. Mariner’s Mirror 92. 5–6.
-
Cederlund, C.O. 1966. Stockholms skeppsgård 1605–1640: en studie i organiserad struktur. Stockholm (Sjöhistoriska museet).
-
Cederlund, C.O. 1983. The old wrecks of the Baltic Sea: Archaeological recording of the wrecks of carvel-built ships. Oxford (BAR International).
-
Daly, A. 2016. Dendrochronological analysis of timber from Gammel Strand, Copenhagen. dendro.dk report 2016:44, Copenhagen. https://zenodo.org/records/5638878.
-
Daly, A. 2021a. Timber supply for Vasa: New discoveries. Open Sea, Closed Sea: Local Traditions and Inter-regional Traditions in Shipbuilding: Proceedings of the Fifteenth International Symposium on Boat and Ship Archaeology (ISBSA 15), Marseille 2018. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5575312.
-
Daly, A. 2021b. Dendrochronological analysis of timbers from two shipwrecks found at Myttingeviken, Stockholm. dendro.dk report 2021:34. Copenhagen. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7534822.
-
Daly, A., in press. Timber supply through time – Copenhagen waterfronts under scrutiny. Dendrochronologia.
-
Daly A., M. Domínguez-Delmás and W. van Duivenvoorde. 2021. Batavia shipwreck timbers reveal a key to Dutch success in 17th-century world trade. PLoS ONE 16, 10: e0259391. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259391.
-
Van Duivenvoorde W. 2015. Dutch East India Company shipbuilding: The archaeological study of Batavia and other seventeenth-century VOC ships. Texas (College Station,Texas A&M University Press).
-
Ekström, S. & L. Müller (eds.). 2021. Facing the Sea: Essays in Swedish Maritime Studies. Lund (Nordic Academic Press).
-
Eriksson, N. 2021. The architecture of the early modern sea routes into Stockholm. Ekström & Mülller 2021. 15–40.
-
Eriksson, N. 2022a. David Balfour’s ‘skabelon’ and the ship To Løver 1631–1659: Historical archaeology between text, shipwreck, and a constructional drawing. Hellman et al. 2022. 256–271.
-
Eriksson, N. 2022b. Stormaktsskärgård: landskapshistoria utmed farlederna mot Stockholm. Lund (Nordic Academic Press).
-
Green, J.N. 1989. The loss of the Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie retourschip Batavia, Western Australia 1629: An excavation report and catalogue of artifacts. Oxford (British Archaeological Reports).
-
Hansson, J. & P. Höglund. 2021. Apollo och Maria arkeologisk forskningsundersökning: L2021:8516 och L2021:8517·Vaxholm socken, Vaxholms kommun, Stockholms län. Stockholm (Vrak – Museum of Wrecks).
-
Hansson, J., P. Höglund & B. Gullbing. 2022. Vraken i Djupasund: arkeologisk förundersökning: lämningsnummer L1978:1918 Tjurkö socken, Karlskrona kommun, Blekinge län. Stockholm (Vrak – Museum of wrecks).
-
Hellman, L., H. Hodacs, A. Makko & S. Murdoch (eds.). 2022. Connected Oceans: A Festschrift to Leos Müller. Lund (Universus Press).
-
Hocker F. 2011. Vasa: A Swedish Warship, Stockholm. Stockholm/ Oxford (Medstroms/Oxbow).
-
Höglund, P. & J. Hansson, present volume. Apollo and Maria – Two 17th-century Warships found at Vaxholm, Sweden. Acta Archaeologica 94:1.
-
Jansma, E., 1995. RemembeRINGs. The Development and Application of Local and Regional Tree-ring Chronologies of Oak for the Purposes of Archaeological and Historical Research in the Netherlands. Dissertatie Universiteit van Amsterdam.
-
Laursen, L. (ed.). 1922. Kancelliets brevbøger vedrørende Danmarks indre forhold [Bd 15] 1621–1623. København (Reitzel).
-
Lehner, B. & G. Grill. 2013. Global river hydrography and network routing: baseline data and new approaches to study the world’s large river systems. Hydrological Processes 27. 2171–2186. Retrieved from www.hydrosheds.org 03-03-2020.
-
Lemée, C. 2006. The Renaissance Shipwrecks from Christianshavn: An archaeological and architectural study of large carvel vessels in Danish waters 1580–1640. Ships and Boats of the North 6. Roskilde (Viking Ship Museum/National Maritime Museum of Denmark).
-
Marquard, E. (ed.). 1929. Kancelliets brevbøger vedrørende Danmarks indre forhold [Bd 17] 1627–1629. Kjøbenhavn (Reitzel).
-
Probst, N.M. 1992. Wasser-alen: et hidtil overset længdemål fra Christian IV’s tid. Historisk Tidsskrift 16. 288–300.
-
Probst, N.M. 1996. Christian 4.s flåde. København (Gyldendal).
-
Global Administrative Areas project, gadm.org, https://geodata.ucdavis.edu/gadm/gadm4.1/work/, downloaded 10-01-2023.
-
National Historical museums, collections of Skokloster Castle.
-
Kancelliets brevbøger vedrørende Danmarks indre forhold i uddrag. Udgivet af Rigsarkivet 1885–2005. Volumes 1623, 1628 and 1629. https://worldcat.org/search?q=Kancelliets+brevb%C3%B8ger+vedr%C3%B8rende+Danmarks+indre+forhold.
-
Rigsarkivet-Orlogsværftet Rigsarkivet, Orlogsværftet, Orlogs værftets tegninger (1630–1890), E. 9. https://www.sa.dk/ao-soegesider/da/other/index-creator/40/3353816/17149179.
-
Admiralty Board Protocol (Amiralitetskollegiums protokoll) 1659, https://sok.riksarkivet.se/amnesomrade?postid=Arkis+0011d3e1-6ef4-4423-b6f0-0a9eaa8f8941&vol=n%2cn&s=Balder.
-
Registry of the Admiralty (Amiralitetskollegium ankommande handlingar och registratur) 1644, https://sok.riksarkivet.se/amnesomrade?postid=Arkis+928f7e90-6048-41e6-b4c1-78f1b284d02f&vol=n%2cn%2cn&s=Balder.
| All Time | Past 365 days | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 516 | 516 | 8 |
| Full Text Views | 30 | 30 | 4 |
| PDF Views & Downloads | 201 | 201 | 14 |
Neptunus and To Løver: An Archaeological, Archival, and Dendrochronological Survey of Two Danish Prize Ships, Scuttled in the Stockholm Archipelago in 1659
In: Acta ArchaeologicaSearch for other papers by Aoife Daly in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Niklas Eriksson in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Jim Hansson in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Abstract
We report the archaeological survey, dendrochronological analysis, and archival research concerning two shipwrecks located in shallow waters outside Vaxholm in the Stockholm Archipelago, Baltic Sea. According to oral tradition, the two wrecks are the remains of Neptunus and To Løver, two former Danish warships that were taken as prizes at the battle of Fehmarn in 1644. The Swedish navy then used the two ships until 1659, when they were reportedly scuttled as a blockage along the sea route towards Stockholm. Before being intentionally scuttled, the two ships drifted away and sank. The work presented in this article confirms the substance of the tradition and reports that substantial portions of the two ships are preserved. Moreover, the two wrecks shed light on the scuttling process and the construction of an underwater barrier.
| All Time | Past 365 days | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 516 | 516 | 8 |
| Full Text Views | 30 | 30 | 4 |
| PDF Views & Downloads | 201 | 201 | 14 |