Vulnerability, Adaptation, and Resilience to Floods and Climate Change-Related Risks among Marginal, Riverine Communities in Metro Manila
In: Asian Journal of Social ScienceSearch for other papers by Emma Porio in
Current site
Google Scholar
Abstract
This study examines the vulnerability, adaptation, and resilience of urban poor households living in the riverine communities of the three flood prone areas in Metro Manila, namely, (1) Pasig-Marikina River basin, (2) West Mangahan, and (3) the KAMANAVA area (Kalookan, Malabon, Navotas, Valenzuela). Based on a survey of 300 urban poor households in 14 communities located in these flood basins, the study found that the environmental-ecological vulnerability of the low-lying flood prone areas interacts strongly with the social vulnerability of urban poor households, highlighting the effects of climate related changes (sea level rise, increased typhoons, intensity of monsoon rains, floods and tidal/storm surges) on this vulnerable population.
Most of the households have low-incomes, live in slum/squatter settlements and do not have adequate access to potable water, electricity, health, sewage and sanitation facilities. About two-thirds of them suffered losses (e.g., income, work, health/sickness, household appliances/things, housing damage) from typhoons, floods, and tidal/storm surges but only a small portion of them obtained help from formal institutions (e.g., local government units or LGUs, charitable agencies) and informal support networks (relatives/neighbors/friends). Of these, a third of these households appeared more vulnerable and consistently incurred higher losses (e.g., income and workdays) and intense inconveniences (e.g., water source buried by floods, toilets blocked and overflowed with wastes/large worms to their floors) compared to their neighbors.
Both urban poor households and their local governments have formulated adaptation strategies in response to the increasing effects of climate change. Few of the local governments built river barriers, improved their drainage systems, installed water diversion techniques (e.g., “bombastic”) and disaster warning systems and increased the capacity of their officials to assist during evacuations. Meanwhile, some urban poor households have adapted to a “water-based lifestyle” (e.g., raising the floors/increasing the number of floors of their homes, building makeshift bridges among households in swampy areas, building Styrofoam boats for transport, etc.). But on the whole, both the urban poor residents and the formal institutions (LGUs, national agencies) need resources and capability building to increase their capacity to adapt to the effects of climate change.
Purchase
Buy instant access (PDF download and unlimited online access):
Institutional Login
Log in with Open Athens, Shibboleth, or your institutional credentials
Personal login
Log in with your brill.com account
-
Adger W. Neil “Social and Ecological Resilience: Are They related?” Progress in Human Geography, 2000 vol. 24 3 347 364
-
Adger W. Neil “Social Capital, Collective Action, and Adaptation to Climate Change” Economic Geography 2003 79 4 387 404
-
Bankoff Greg “Constructing Vulnerability: The Historical, Natural and Social Generation of Flooding” Metro Manila in Disasters 2003 27 3 95 109
-
Berkes F. et al. “Adapting to Climate Change: Social-Ecological Resilience in Canadian Western Artic Community” Conservation Ecology 2001 5 2 18
-
Blaikie et al. At Risk: Natural Hazards, People’s Vulnerability and Disasters 1994 London Routledge
-
Buika James et al. A United States-Japan-Philippines Collaborative Planning Process to Implement a Multi-Hazard, Urban Risk Reduction Strategy for Marikina City, Philippines
-
De Sherbinin et al. Population and Environment. Annual Review od Environment and Resources 2007 32 345 373
-
Galgana Gerald et al. “Visualizing Sea Level Rise in Navotas by GIS and Terrain Modeling” Journal of Environmental Science and Management 2004 7 1 1 9
-
IPCC Climate Change 2001: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability: Contribution of Working Group II to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 2001 Cambridge Cambridge University Press
-
Klein R.J.T. & Nicholls R.J. Burton I., Feenstra J.F., Parry M.L., Smith J.B. & Tol R.S.J. “Coastal zones” Handbook on Methods for Climate Change Impact Assessment and Adaptation Strategies 1998 Amsterdam United Nations Environment Programme and Institute for Environmental Studies 7–1 7–35 Version 2
-
Marikina City Government Sound Practice No. 5 2004
-
Muto Megumi Impacts of Climate Change to Asian Coastal Areas: The case of Metro Manila 2009 Japan Bank for International Cooperation Draft Report
-
Porio Emma Vulnerability, Adaptation and Resilience to Floods and Climate-Change Related Risks among Marginal, Riverine Communities in Metro Manila 2009 report submitted to JICA Research Institute
-
Sairinen R. & Peltonen L. Adapatation Strategies for Climate Change in the Urban Environment. FINADAPT/Appendix 13. WP 13: Urban planning N.D. www.ymparisto.fi/download.asp?contentid=15988
-
Winters Paul et al. “Economic and Welfare Impacts of Climate Change on Developing Countries” Environmental and Resource Economics 1998 12 1 24
-
World Bank Philippine Typhoons Ondoy and Pepeng: A Joint Assessment 2009 Sector Reports. Typescript 77 pp
| All Time | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 7936 | 2170 | 248 |
| Full Text Views | 771 | 85 | 13 |
| PDF Views & Downloads | 746 | 149 | 17 |
Vulnerability, Adaptation, and Resilience to Floods and Climate Change-Related Risks among Marginal, Riverine Communities in Metro Manila
In: Asian Journal of Social ScienceSearch for other papers by Emma Porio in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Abstract
This study examines the vulnerability, adaptation, and resilience of urban poor households living in the riverine communities of the three flood prone areas in Metro Manila, namely, (1) Pasig-Marikina River basin, (2) West Mangahan, and (3) the KAMANAVA area (Kalookan, Malabon, Navotas, Valenzuela). Based on a survey of 300 urban poor households in 14 communities located in these flood basins, the study found that the environmental-ecological vulnerability of the low-lying flood prone areas interacts strongly with the social vulnerability of urban poor households, highlighting the effects of climate related changes (sea level rise, increased typhoons, intensity of monsoon rains, floods and tidal/storm surges) on this vulnerable population.
Most of the households have low-incomes, live in slum/squatter settlements and do not have adequate access to potable water, electricity, health, sewage and sanitation facilities. About two-thirds of them suffered losses (e.g., income, work, health/sickness, household appliances/things, housing damage) from typhoons, floods, and tidal/storm surges but only a small portion of them obtained help from formal institutions (e.g., local government units or LGUs, charitable agencies) and informal support networks (relatives/neighbors/friends). Of these, a third of these households appeared more vulnerable and consistently incurred higher losses (e.g., income and workdays) and intense inconveniences (e.g., water source buried by floods, toilets blocked and overflowed with wastes/large worms to their floors) compared to their neighbors.
Both urban poor households and their local governments have formulated adaptation strategies in response to the increasing effects of climate change. Few of the local governments built river barriers, improved their drainage systems, installed water diversion techniques (e.g., “bombastic”) and disaster warning systems and increased the capacity of their officials to assist during evacuations. Meanwhile, some urban poor households have adapted to a “water-based lifestyle” (e.g., raising the floors/increasing the number of floors of their homes, building makeshift bridges among households in swampy areas, building Styrofoam boats for transport, etc.). But on the whole, both the urban poor residents and the formal institutions (LGUs, national agencies) need resources and capability building to increase their capacity to adapt to the effects of climate change.
| All Time | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 7936 | 2170 | 248 |
| Full Text Views | 771 | 85 | 13 |
| PDF Views & Downloads | 746 | 149 | 17 |