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Urbūn (Earnest Money): Legal Framework in Islamic and Positive Law and Comparison with the Call Option Contract

In: Arab Law Quarterly
Authors:
Laita Ibtihal FaresFaculté des Sciences Juridiques, Economique et Sociale, University of Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fez, Morocco

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Abdellah MarghichFaculté des Sciences Juridiques, Economique et Sociale, University of Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fez, Morocco

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Mohamed HabachiFaculté des Sciences Juridiques, Economiques et Sociales, University of Mohamed 5, Rabat, Morocco

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Abstract

Financial derivatives such as futures, options and swaps play an important role in the development of financial markets because they can be employed in many ways, notably for hedging, arbitrage and speculation. However, for a variety of reasons, such conventional instruments are considered unlawful under Islamic law and are impermissible in Islamic financial markets. The search for a Sharīʿah-compliant alternative has become a major concern to Islamic financial and legal engineering. Indeed, in this article, we will study the ʿurbūn (earnest money) contract according to Islamic law and positive law in several Muslim countries. Thereafter, we will examine the possibility of substituting the conventional call option contract (Call) by the ʿurbūn contract for hedging market risk, by providing a technical and legal comparison between the two contracts.

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