While deforestation is one of the greatest drivers of biodiversity loss, our understanding of the effects of habitat modification on species is limited. We investigated the diet of a forest-dwelling frog species, Morafka’s frog (Odorrana morafkai), in a highland forest in Vietnam in relation to habitat disturbance, sex and season. We surveyed the species at 45 sites in forest of varying disturbance and examined its diet using stomach flushing, estimating prey availability via trapping. We detected significantly fewer O. morafkai in highly disturbed habitats compared to moderately disturbed or non-disturbed habitats. We revealed that O. morafkai is a dietary generalist, identifying 28 prey types, primarily invertebrates. Prey composition, the number of prey items per stomach and prey volume per stomach did not vary between disturbance levels. Diet did not vary significantly between sexes, except that females had a higher prey volume. Prey composition in the species varied between seasons, with Coleoptera and Orthoptera dominating the diet in the rainy season and Lepidoptera in the dry season. The number of prey items per stomach and prey volume were significantly higher in the rainy season. There was a significant correlation between prey availability and diet composition. The low number of O. morafkai detected in highly disturbed habitats suggests that this habitat may not be optimal for the species, despite having a generalist feeding strategy and presumed high mobility. This study provides a window into the impact of an increasing threat, habitat disturbance, on forest-dependent amphibian species.
Purchase
Buy instant access (PDF download and unlimited online access):
Institutional Login
Log in with Open Athens, Shibboleth, or your institutional credentials
Personal login
Log in with your brill.com account
Amundsen, P.A., Gabler, H.M., Staldvik, F.J. (1996): A new approach to graphical analysis of feeding strategy from stomach contents data-modification of the Costello (1990) method. J. Fish. Biol. 48: 607-614.
Aszalós, L., Bogdan, H., Kovács, E.H., Peter, V.I. (2006): Food composition of two Rana species on a forest habitat (Livada Plain, Romania). North-West. J. Zool. 1: 25-30.
Bain, R.H., Lathrop, A., Murphy, R.W., Orlov, N.L., Ho, C.T. (2003): Cryptic species of a cascade frog from Southeast Asia: taxonomic revisions and descriptions of six new species. Am. Mus. Novit. 3417: 1-60.
Bain, R.H., Stuart, B.L. (2006): A new species of cascade frog (Amphibia: Ranidae) from Thailand, with new data on Rana banaorum and Rana morafkai. Nat. Hist. Bull. Siam. Soc. 53: 3-16.
Bain, R.H., Nguyen, T.Q., Doan, K.V. (2007): New herpetofaunal records from Vietnam. Herpetol. Rev. 38 (1): 107-117.
Bain, R.H., Hurley, M.M. (2011): A biogeographic synthesis of the amphibians and reptiles of Indochina. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 360: 1-138.
Biavati, G.M., Wiederhecker, H.C., Guarino, R.C. (2004): Diet of Epipedobates flavopictus (Anura:Dendrobatidae) in a neotropical savanna. J. Herpetol. 38: 510-518.
Borror, D.J., Triplehorn, C.A., Johnson, N.F. (1989): An Introduction to the Study of Insects, 6th Edition. Saunders College Publishing, Florida.
Bowden, J. (1982): An analysis of factors affecting catches of insects in light-traps. Bull. Entomol. Res. 72 (4): 535-556.
Brito, L., Aguiar, F., Moura-Neto, C., Zuco, A., Cascon, P. (2013): Diet, activity patterns, microhabitat use and defensive strategies of Rhinella hoogmoedi Caramaschi & Pombal, 2006 from a humid forest in northeast Brazil. Br. J. Herpetol. 23: 29-37.
Burton, T.M., Likens, G.E. (1975): Energy flow and nutrient cycling in salamander populations in the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, New Hampshire. Ecology. 56: 1068-1080.
Caldart, V.M., Iop, S., Bertaso, T.R.N., Cechin, S.Z. (2012): Feeding ecology of Crossodactylus schmidti (Anura: Hylodidae) in southern Brazil. Zool. Stud. 51: 484-493.
Clarke, K.R., Gorley, R.N. (2006): PRIMER v6: User Manual/Tutorial (Plymouth Routines in Multivariate Ecological Research). PRIMER-E, Plymouth.
Covaciu-Marcov, S.D., Sas, I., Cupşa, D., Bogdan, H., Lukács, J. (2005): The seasonal variation of the food of a non-hibernated Rana ridibunda Pallas 1771 population from the thermal lake from 1 Mai Spa, Romania. An. Univ. Oradea. Fasc. Biol. 12: 77-85.
Donnelly, M.A., Crump, M.L. (1998): Potential effects of climate change on two Neotropical amphibian assemblages. Clim. Change. 2 (39): 541-561.
Duellman, W.E., Trueb, L. (1994): Biology of Amphibians. The Johns Hopkins University Press, New York.
FAO (2010): Global Forest Resources Assessment 2010. UN Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome.
FAO (2015): Global Forest Resources Assessment 2015. UN Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome.
Fellers, G.M., Kleeman, P.M. (2007): California red-legged frog (Rana draytonii) movement and habitat use: implications for conservation. J. Herpetol. 41 (2): 276-287.
Forsman, A. (1996): Body size and net energy gain in gape limited predators: a model. J. Herpetol. 30: 307-319.
Forstner, J.M., Forstner, M.R.J., Dixon, J.R. (1998): Ontogenetic effects on prey selection and food habits of two sympatric east Texas ranids: the southern leopard frog, Rana sphenocephala, and the bronze frog, Rana clamitans clamitans. Herpetol. Rev. 29 (4): 208.
Frost, D.R. (2018): Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0 (30 April 2018). Electronic Database accessible at: http://research.amnh.org/herpetology/amphibia/index.html. American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA.
Gascon, C., Collins, J.P., Moore, R.D., Church, D.R., McKay, J.R., Mendelson III (2005): Amphibian Conservation Action Plan: Proceedings IUCN/SSC Amphibian Conservation Summit 2005. IUCN, Gland.
Griffiths, R.A. (1986): Feeding niche overlap and food selection in smooth and palmate newts, Triturus vulgaris and T. helveticus, at a pond in mid-Wales. J. Animal. Ecol. 55 (1): 201-214.
Hamer, A.J., McDonnell, M.J. (2008): Amphibian ecology and conservation in the urbanising world: a review. Biol. Conserv. 141 (10): 2432-2449.
Hillers, A., Veith, M., Rödel, M.O. (2008): Effects of forest fragmentation and habitat degradation on West African leaf litter frogs. Conserv. Biol. 22 (3): 762-772.
Hirai, T., Matsui, M. (1999): Feeding habits of the pond frog, Rana nigromaculata, inhabiting rice fields in Kyoto, Japan. Copeia. 1999 (4): 940-947.
Hirai, T., Matsui, M. (2000a): Feeding habits of the Japanese tree frog, Hyla japonica, in the reproductive season. Zool. Sci. 17: 977-982.
Hirai, T., Matsui, M. (2000b): Ant specialization in diet of the narrow-mouthed toad, Microhyla ornata, from Amamioshima Island of the Ryukyu Archipelago. Curr. Herpetol. 19 (1): 27-34.
Hirai, T., Matsui, M. (2001): Diet composition of the Indian rice frog, Rana limnocharis, in rice fields of central Japan. Curr. Herpetol. 20 (2): 97-103.
Inger, R.F., Greenberg, B. (1966): Ecological and competitive relations among three species of frogs (genus Rana). Ecology. 47: 746-759.
Inger, R.F., Colwell, R.K. (1977): Organization of contiguous communities of amphibians and reptiles in Thailand. Ecol. Monogr. 47 (3): 229-253.
Inger, R.F., Orlov, N., Darevsky, I.S. (1999): Frogs of Vietnam: a report on new collections. Fieldiana. Zool. 92: 1-46.
IUCN (2018): The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2017-3. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded on 14 May 2018.
IUCN (2019): The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2018-2. http://www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded on 14 March 2019.
Keenan, R.J., Reams, G.A., Achard, F., de Freitas, J.V., Grainger, A., Lindquist, E. (2015): Dynamics of global forest area: results from the FAO global forest resources assessment 2015. Forest. Ecol. Manag. 352: 9-20.
Krebs, C.J. (1999): Ecological Methodology, 2nd Edition. Addison Welsey Educational Publishers Inc., California.
Kueh, B.H., Albert, J., Ismail, N., Siwan, E.S., Lau, C.E., Ngidang, V.B., Koh, J.S. (2010): Limnonectec kuhlii (Kuhl’s Creek Frog): diet. Herpetol. Rev. 41: 338.
Le, T.T.D., Rowley, J.J.L., Tran, T.A.D., Vo, N.T., Hoang, D.H. (2018): Diet composition and overlap in a montane frog community in Vietnam. Herpetol. Conserv. Biol. 13 (1): 205-215.
Leavitt, D.J., Fitzgerald, L.A. (2009): Diet of nonnative Hyla cinerea in a Chihuahuan desert wetland. J. Herpetol. 43 (3): 541-545.
Leclerc, J., Courtois, D. (1993): A simple stomach flushing method for ranid frogs. Herpetol. Rev. 24 (4): 142-143.
Measey, G.J. (1998): Diet of feral Xenopus laevis (Daudin) in South Wales, UK. J. Zool. 246 (3): 287-298.
Metzger, J.P., Martensen, A.C., Dixo, M., Bernacci, L.C., Ribeiro, M.C., Teixeira, A.M.G., Pardini, R. (2009): Time-lag in biological responses to landscape changes in a highly dynamic Atlantic forest region. Biol. Conserv. 142 (6): 1166-1177.
Muirhead-Thompson, R.C. (2012): Trap Responses of Flying Insects: the Influence of Trap Design on Capture Efficiency. Academic Press.
Ngo, V.B., Lee, Y.F., Ngo, C.D. (2014): Variation in dietary composition of granular spiny frogs (Quasipaa verrucospinosa) in central Vietnam. Br. J. Herpetol. 24: 245-253.
Ngo, V.B., Hoang, T.N., Ngo, C.D. (2014): Diet of the banna caecilian Ichthyophis bannanicus (Amphibia: Gymnophiona: Ichthyophiidae) in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. J. Herpetol. 48 (4): 506-513.
Nguyen, D.H., Kuznetsov, A.N. (2011): Biodiversity and Ecological Characteristics of Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park. Vietnam-Russia Tropical Centre Press, Hanoi.
Nguyen, V.S., Ho, T.C., Nguyen, Q.T. (2009): Herpetofauna of Vietnam. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt.
Pamintuan, P.E., Starr, C.K. (2016): Diet of the giant toad, Bufo marinus (Amphibia: Salientia), in a coastal habitat of the Philippines. Trop. Agric. (Trinidad) 93: 323-327.
Quiroga, L., Sanabria, E.A., Acosta, J.C. (2009): Size- and sexdependent variation in diet of Rhinella arenarum (Anura: Bufonidae) in a wetland of San Juan, Argentina. J. Herpetol. 43: 311-317.
Ranvestel, A.W., Lips, K.R., Pringle, C.M., Whiles, M.R., Bixby, R.J. (2004): Neotropical tadpoles influence stream benthos: evidence for the ecological consequences of decline in amphibian populations. Freshwater. Biol. 49: 274-285.
Regosin, J.V., Windmiller, B.S., Reed, J.M. (2003): Terrestrial habitat use and winter densities of the wood frog (Rana sylvatica). J. Herpetol. 37 (2): 390-395.
Riley, S.P.D., Busteed, G.T., Kats, L.B., Vandergon, T.L., Lee, L.F.S., Dagit, R.G., Kerby, J.L., Fisher, R.N., Sauvajot, R.M. (2005): Effects of urbanization on the distribution and abundance of amphibians and invasive species in Southern California streams. Conserv. Biol. 9: 1894-1907.
Ross, H.H., Ross, C.A., Ross, J.R.P. (1982): A Text Book of Entomology, 4th Edition. John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York.
Rowley, J.J., Alford, R.A. (2007): Movement patterns and habitat use of rainforest stream frogs in northern Queensland, Australia: implications for extinction vulnerability. Wildl. Res. 34 (5): 371-378.
Rowley, J.J.L., Brown, R., Bain, R., Kusrini, M., Inger, R., Stuart, B.L., Phimmachak, S. (2010): Impending conservation crisis for Southeast Asian amphibians. Biol. Lett. 6: 336-338.
Santos, E.M., Almeida, A.V., Vasconcelos, S.D. (2004): Feeding habits of six anuran (Amphibia: Anura) species in a rainforest fragment in Northeastern Brazil. Iheringia. Ser. Zoo. 94 (4): 433-438.
Saunders, D.A., Hobbs, R.J., Margules, C.R. (1991): Biological consequences of ecosystem fragmentation: a review. Conserv. Biol. 5 (1): 18-32.
Solé, M., Beckmann, O., Pelz, B., Kwet, A. (2005): Stomach-flushing for diet analysis in anurans: an improved protocol evaluated in a case study in Araucaria forests, southern Brazil. Stud. Neotrop. Fauna. E. 40: 23-28.
Solé, M., Rödder, D. (2010): Dietary assessments of adult amphibians. In: Amphibian Ecology and Conservation, p. 167-184. Kenneth Dood, C., Ed., Oxford University Press Inc., New York.
Stewart, M.M., Sandison, P. (1972): Comparative food habits of sympatric mink frogs, bullfrogs, and green frogs. J. Herpetol. 6 (3/4): 241-244.
Stewart, M.M., Woolbright, L.L. (1996): Amphibians. In: The Food web of a Tropical Rain Forest, p. 273-320. Reagan, D.P., Waide, R.B., Eds, The University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
Stuart, B.L., Sok, K., Neang, T. (2006): A collection of amphibians and reptiles from hilly eastern Cambodia. Raffles. B. Zool. 54 (1): 129-155.
Szeibel, B., Citrea, L., Jurj, N., Condure, N. (2008): Feeding ecology of the Pelophylax ridibundus (Anura, Ranidae) in Dobromir, Romania. Biharean. Biol. 2: 27-37.
Teynié, A., David, P., Ohler, A., Luanglath, K. (2004): Notes on a collection of amphibians and reptiles from southern Laos, with a discussion of the occurrence of Indo-Malayan species. Hamadryad. 29: 33-62.
Toft, C.A. (1980): Seasonal variation in populations of Panamanian litter frogs and their prey: a comparison of wetter and drier sites. Oecologia. 47 (1): 34-38.
Tomescu, N., Ferenti, S., Covaciu-Marcov, S.D., Sas, I., David, A. (2010): What do the terrestrial isopods eaten by some frogs from north-western Romania have to say?. North-West. J. Zool. 6 (2): 268-274.
Urbina-Cardona, J.N., Olivares-Pérez, M., Reynoso, V.H. (2006): Herpetofauna diversity and microenvironment correlates across a pasture–edge–interior ecotone in tropical rainforest fragments in the Los Tuxtlas Biosphere Reserve of Veracruz, Mexico. Biol. Conserv. 132 (1): 61-75.
Vallan, D. (2002): Effects of anthropogenic environmental changes on amphibian diversity in the rain forests of eastern Madagascar. J. Trop. Ecol. 18 (5): 725-742.
Wachlevski, M., De Souza, P.H.C., Kopp, K., Eterovick, P.C. (2008): Microhabitat use and feeding habits of Crossodactylus bokermanni Caramaschi and Sazima, 1985 (Anura: Hylodidae) at a site in south-eastern Brazil. J. Nat. Hist. 42: 1421-1434.
Wells, K.D. (2007): The Ecology and Behavior of Amphibians. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
Whiles, M.R., Lips, K.R., Pringle, C.M., Kilham, S.S., Bixby, R.J., Brenes, R., Scott, C., Jose, C.C., Meshagae, H., Alexander, D.H., Chad, M., Scot, P. (2006): The effects of amphibian population declines on the structure and function of Neotropical stream ecosystems. Front. Ecol. Environ. 4 (1): 27-34.
Williams, Y.M., Williams, S.E., Alford, R.A., Waycott, M., Johnson, C.N. (2006): Niche breadth and geographical range: ecological compensation for geographical rarity in rainforest frogs. Biol. Lett. 2 (4): 532-535.
Yu, T.L., Gu, Y.S., Du, J., Lu, X. (2009): Seasonal variation and ontogenetic change in the diet of a population of Bufo gargarizans from the farmland, Sichuan, China. Biharean. Biol. 3 (2): 99-104.
All Time | Past 365 days | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 1267 | 371 | 42 |
Full Text Views | 416 | 17 | 1 |
PDF Views & Downloads | 284 | 12 | 2 |
While deforestation is one of the greatest drivers of biodiversity loss, our understanding of the effects of habitat modification on species is limited. We investigated the diet of a forest-dwelling frog species, Morafka’s frog (Odorrana morafkai), in a highland forest in Vietnam in relation to habitat disturbance, sex and season. We surveyed the species at 45 sites in forest of varying disturbance and examined its diet using stomach flushing, estimating prey availability via trapping. We detected significantly fewer O. morafkai in highly disturbed habitats compared to moderately disturbed or non-disturbed habitats. We revealed that O. morafkai is a dietary generalist, identifying 28 prey types, primarily invertebrates. Prey composition, the number of prey items per stomach and prey volume per stomach did not vary between disturbance levels. Diet did not vary significantly between sexes, except that females had a higher prey volume. Prey composition in the species varied between seasons, with Coleoptera and Orthoptera dominating the diet in the rainy season and Lepidoptera in the dry season. The number of prey items per stomach and prey volume were significantly higher in the rainy season. There was a significant correlation between prey availability and diet composition. The low number of O. morafkai detected in highly disturbed habitats suggests that this habitat may not be optimal for the species, despite having a generalist feeding strategy and presumed high mobility. This study provides a window into the impact of an increasing threat, habitat disturbance, on forest-dependent amphibian species.
All Time | Past 365 days | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 1267 | 371 | 42 |
Full Text Views | 416 | 17 | 1 |
PDF Views & Downloads | 284 | 12 | 2 |