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Citizen science reveals broad-scale variation of calling activity of the Mediterranean tree frog (Hyla meridionalis) in its westernmost range

In: Amphibia-Reptilia
Authors:
Mariano Paracuellos Grupo de Investigación Ecología Evolutiva y del Comportamiento, Universidad de Granada, Conde de Barcelona, 52, E-04700, El Ejido, Almería, Spain

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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4046-9052
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Emilio Rodríguez-Caballero Dpto. de Agronomía, Universidad de Almería, Ctra. Sacramento s/n, E-04120, La Cañada de San Urbano, Almería, Spain
Centro de Investigación de Colecciones Científicas de la Universidad de Almería (CECOUAL), Universidad de Almería, Ctra. Sacramento s/n, E-04120, La Cañada de San Urbano, Almería, Spain

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Enrique Villanueva Instituto de Estudios Almerienses, Diputación de Almería, Julio Alfredo Egea, 3, E-04001, Almería, Almería, Spain

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Mauricio Santa Sociedad para el Estudio y Recuperación de la Biodiversidad Almeriense (SERBAL), Arboleda, 1, 2-2, E-04008, Almería, Spain

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Fernando Alcalde Asociación Buxus – Ecologistas en Acción, Cartuja 1, 2°, E-18600, Motril, Granada, Spain

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Miguel Á. Dionisio IES La Orotava – Manuel González Pérez, Sor Luisa Lamas Ríos, s/n, E-38313, La Orotava, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain

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Juan R. Fernández Cardenete Grupo de Investigación Biología y Conservación de Vertebrados Mediterráneos y Tropicales, Universidad de Granada, Carnicería 1, 1° C, E-18009, Granada, Spain

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M. Pilar García , Molino Rodete, s/n, E-29392, Estación Jimera de Líbar, Málaga, Spain

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Julio Hernández Aula de la Naturaleza Valparaíso, Colegio Ave María Casa Madre, Cuesta del Chapiz, 3 y 5, E-18010, Granada, Spain

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Manuel Tapia Guelaya – Ecologistas en Acción, Apdo. 355, E-52080, Melilla, Spain

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Saúl Yubero Instituto de Estudios Ceutíes, Apdo. 593, E-51080, Ceuta, Spain

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Arturo Cuines Asociación Buxus – Ecologistas en Acción, Cartuja 1, 2°, E-18600, Motril, Granada, Spain

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José Larios Asociación Buxus – Ecologistas en Acción, Cartuja 1, 2°, E-18600, Motril, Granada, Spain

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Antonio Lorenzo Asociación Buxus – Ecologistas en Acción, Cartuja 1, 2°, E-18600, Motril, Granada, Spain

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Inmaculada Pozo Asociación Buxus – Ecologistas en Acción, Cartuja 1, 2°, E-18600, Motril, Granada, Spain

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Jesús M. Avilés Dpto. de Ecología Funcional y Evolutiva, Estación Experimental de Zonas Áridas (EEZA-CSIC), Ctra. de Sacramento, s/n, E-04120, Almería, Spain
Unidad asociada CSIC-UNEX Ecología del Antropoceno, Institutos Universitarios de Investigación, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. de la Investigación, s/n, E-06006, Badajoz, Spain

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Abstract

Population monitoring is essential to determine different aspects of the ecology and conservation of the species. In anurans, recording the acoustic activity of choruses allows surveying populations. Therefore, knowing the timing of male calls is fundamental to achieve this goal. Here we monitored calling activity of the Mediterranean tree frog (Hyla meridionalis) at eight localities in southern Iberian Peninsula and western North Africa in the frame of a citizen science program. Subsequently, after summarizing call activity with Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling, we aimed to identify the geographic and environmental variables that associate with the calling activity of frogs. The results of the 258-hour census showed that male tree frogs called mainly from December to July, although the duration and intensity of choruses varied, depending on the elevation and seasonality of the water bodies. Males sang earlier and had more durable call activities at lower elevation sites, which are sites with higher and more stable ambient temperatures. Also, calling activity was lower in sites where water fluctuates more over the annual cycle. Our results provide a first overview of the calling activity of the Mediterranean tree frog over a relatively large set of populations encompassing a wide variety of environmental conditions in its westernmost range of distribution. However, further studies relying on more intensive sampling, likely using automatic recorders, would be desirable to achieve a full understanding of the calling activity of tree frogs in the region.

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