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Spirituality with and without Religion—Differential Relationships with Personality
in Archive for the Psychology of ReligionSummary
This study contributes to the exploration of self-rated spirituality by anchoring self-ratings of spirituality and religiosity in an integrative model of personality. For the measurement of personality dispositions and characteristic adaptations, the NEO Personality Inventory Revised (NEO-PI-R, German version) and the Sources of Meaning and Meaning in Life Questionnaire (SoMe) have been administered to a sample (N = 135) of German-speaking students. A three-step study design is employed. First, previous findings on associations between personality and religiosity/spirituality are replicated and supplemented. Second, sources of meaning are shown to explain a considerably higher amount of unique variance in religiosity and spirituality than do personality dispositions. Third, two types of spirituality—religious-and-spiritual and spiritual-but-not-religious—are identified and distinguished on the basis of personality traits. The spiritual-but-not-religious type shows significantly higher degrees of Neuroticism, and lower degrees of Agreeableness. Possible interpretations and lines of future research on ‘spirituality without religion’ are sketched out.
Spirituality with and without Religion—Differential Relationships with Personality
in Archive for the Psychology of Religion
Sections
- Summary
- Introduction
- Personality Correlates with Religiosity/Spirituality
- The Study
- Method
- The Sample
- Results
- Discussion
- Self-Rated Religiosity and Spirituality in Relation to Personality Dispositions and Sources of Meaning
- Personality Dispositions and Sources of Meaning as Simultaneous Predictors of Self-Rated Religiosity and Spirituality
- Religious-and-Spiritual and Spiritual-but-not-Religious: Comparing Two Types of Spirituality
- Limitations and Outlook
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Figures
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Distribution of spirituality among religious persons, non-religious persons and convinced atheists according to EVS 4th wave data for North-Western countries.
Distribution of spirituality among religious persons, non-religious persons and convinced atheists according to EVS 4th wave data for North-Western countries.
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