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Model of Muslim Religious Spirituality: Impact of Muslim Experiential Religiousness on Religious Orientations and Psychological Adjustment Among Iranian Muslims

In: Archive for the Psychology of Religion
Authors:
Nima Ghorbani Department of Psychology, University of Tehran, Iran

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P. J. Watson Psychology/Department #2803, 378 McCallie Bldg. – 615 McCallie Avenue, University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, Chattanooga, TN 37403, USA

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Hamid Reza Gharibi Department of Psychology, University of Tehran, Iran

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Zhuo Job Chen Department of Psychology, Clemson University, USA

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Summary

Previous research indicates that spirituality expressed in tradition-specific terms may initiate, invigorate, and integrate Muslim religious commitments, suggesting a 3-I Model of Religious Spirituality. In a test of this model, Islamic seminarians, university students, and office workers in Iran (N = 604) responded to Muslim Experiential Religiousness (MER), Religious Orientation, and mental health scales. The tradition- specific spirituality of MER displayed correlation, moderation, and mediation results with Intrinsic and Extrinsic Personal Religious Orientations that pointed toward initiation, invigoration, and integration effects, respectively. MER also clarified the ambiguous implications of the Extrinsic Social Religious Orientation. These data most generally confirmed the heuristic potential of the 3-I Model.

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