Behavioural responses of ungulates to indirect cues of an ambush predator
In: BehaviourbGrimsö Wildlife Research Station, Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-730 91 Riddarhyttan, Sweden
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cUniversity of Applied Life Sciences and Natural Resources (BOKU) Vienna, Institute for Wildlife Biology and Game Management, Gregor-Mendel-Str. 33, 1180 Vienna, Austria
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Ambush predators provide more persistent cues of predation risk compared to coursing predators and are predicted to exert stronger effects on behaviour of their prey. We studied anti-predator responses of ungulates by means of camera traps to an olfactory cue (fresh scat) of an ambush predator, the Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx). Roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) and red deer (Cervus elaphus) both important prey species for lynx were not more vigilant when exposed to lynx scent, but reduced their visitation duration. Our results contrast with previously reported responses of red deer to scent from a coursing predator, the wolf (Canis lupus), where only vigilance and foraging behaviour but not visitation duration changed in response to wolf scat. This indicates that ungulates are able to recognize the risk of predation from predators with differing hunting modes based on olfactory cues and adjust their anti-predatory behaviour.
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Behavioural responses of ungulates to indirect cues of an ambush predator
In: BehaviourbGrimsö Wildlife Research Station, Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-730 91 Riddarhyttan, Sweden
Search for other papers by Camilla Wikenros in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Dries P.J. Kuijper in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
cUniversity of Applied Life Sciences and Natural Resources (BOKU) Vienna, Institute for Wildlife Biology and Game Management, Gregor-Mendel-Str. 33, 1180 Vienna, Austria
Search for other papers by Robert Behnke in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Krzysztof Schmidt in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Ambush predators provide more persistent cues of predation risk compared to coursing predators and are predicted to exert stronger effects on behaviour of their prey. We studied anti-predator responses of ungulates by means of camera traps to an olfactory cue (fresh scat) of an ambush predator, the Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx). Roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) and red deer (Cervus elaphus) both important prey species for lynx were not more vigilant when exposed to lynx scent, but reduced their visitation duration. Our results contrast with previously reported responses of red deer to scent from a coursing predator, the wolf (Canis lupus), where only vigilance and foraging behaviour but not visitation duration changed in response to wolf scat. This indicates that ungulates are able to recognize the risk of predation from predators with differing hunting modes based on olfactory cues and adjust their anti-predatory behaviour.
| All Time | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 3554 | 653 | 52 |
| Full Text Views | 576 | 58 | 8 |
| PDF Views & Downloads | 396 | 108 | 20 |