Institutional Historical Memory and History in Post-Soviet Belarus
In: Journal of Belarusian StudiesSearch for other papers by Alena Marková in
Current site
Google Scholar
Abstract
Belarusian institutional historical memory (as defined by Richard Ned Lebow) and the interpretation of Belarusian national history have experienced radical shifts in the past several decades. The first shift (1990–1994) was characterized by radical rejection of the interpretational and methodological patterns of the Soviet period, resulting in the creation of a new concept of Belarusian national history and historical narrative.
The second shift in the existing historical narrative and institutional memory followed rapidly. It came with the transformation from a parliamentary republic into a parliamentary-presidential (1994) and then presidential republic (1996). The second wave demonstrated a clear shift towards a methodological, theoretical approach and terminological framework typical of the historiography of the Soviet period. These changes were in response to the growing demands for ideological control of institutionalized historical research supported by the government in the same decade.
One of the characteristic features of recent Belarusian state-sponsored historiography (Lyč, Chigrinov, Marcuĺ, Novik and others) is the linking of post-Soviet national initiatives to Nazi occupation and collaboration in World War II. Another typical feature is simplifying historical explanations and often using undisguised pejorative terminology.
The last shift in institutional historical memory also resulted in further re-interpretations of many symbolic centres and milestones of Belarusian history (for example, the period of the first years of post-Soviet independence, the introduction of new national symbols (Pahonia coat of arms and white-red-white flag) and the interwar nationality policy of Belarusization of the 1920s.)
Purchase
Buy instant access (PDF download and unlimited online access):
Institutional Login
Log in with Open Athens, Shibboleth, or your institutional credentials
Personal login
Log in with your brill.com account
-
Chigrinov, P. G., 2007. Ocherki istorii Belarusi. Minsk: Vyšejšaja škola.
-
Ganzer, Ch., 2019. Razvitije narrativa o « geroicheskoi oborone » Brestskoj kreposti (1940-je – pervaja polovina 1950-ch godov), in A. A. Kavalienia ed., Bielaruś i Hiermanija: historyja i sučasnasć. Minsk: MDLU.
-
Goujon, A., 2010. Memorial Narratives of WWII Partisans and Genocide in Belarus, East European Politics and Societies, Vol. 24, 2010(1), pp. 6–25.
-
Havelka, M., 2006. Dějiny a smysl. Praha: Nakladatelství Lidové noviny.
-
Historyja Bielaruskaj SSR u 5-ci tamach, 1972–1975. T. 1–5. Minsk: Navuka i technika.
-
Ivangorodskiy, K., 2015. Biloruska istoriografiya syogodni: mizh neoradyanskim ta nacionalnim diskursom, in V. V. Masnenko ed., Obraz Bilorusi v istoriografiyi ta istorichniy pamyati ukrayinciv. Cherkasi: Cherkaskyi nacionalniy universitet imeni Bogdana Chmelnickogo, pp. 31–63.
-
Jeshin, S. Z., 1970. Razvitije kuľtury v BSSR za gody Sovietskoi vlasti. Minsk: Vyšejšaja škola.
-
Kasciuk, M., ed. 2006. Historyja Bielarusi. U 6-ci tamach. Tom 5. Bielaruś u 1917–1945hh. Minsk: Ekoperspektiva.
-
Kasciuk, M. P., Ihnacienka, I. M., and Vyšynsky, U. I., 1995. Narysy historyji Bielarusi. U 2-ch častkach. Častka 1. Minsk: Bielaruś.
-
Kasciuk, M. P., Petrykaŭ, P. C. and Tokaraŭ, M. U., 1993. Instytut bielaruskaj kuĺtury. Minsk: Navuka i technika.
-
Koroľ, A. S., 1990. Belorussizatsia: 20–30-je gg. in R. P. Platonov, ed., Stranicy istorii Kompartii Belorussii: suzhdenia, argumenty, fakty. Minsk: Universitetskoye, pp. 136–155.
-
Karoĺ, A. S., 1993a. Bielarusizacyja, in: Encyklapiedyja historyji Bielarusi. U 6-ci tamach. Tom 1. Minsk: Bielaruskaja encyklapiedyja imia P. Broŭki, pp. 348–350.
-
Karoĺ, A. S., 1993b. Bielarusizacyja – palityka nacyjanaĺnaha adradžennia, in L. Lojka, ed., Kryžovy šliach, Minsk: Zhoda, pp. 118–164.
-
Kim, M. P., ed., 1985. Velikaja Okťabrskaja Socialisticheskaja revoljucija i stanovlenije sovietskoj kuľtury 1917–1927. Moskva: AN SSSR, Institut Istorii.
-
Kosman М., 1979. Historia Białorusi. Wrocław: Ossolineum.
-
Lebow, R. N., 2008. The future of memory, Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 617(1), pp. 99–102.
-
Lewis, S., 2017. The Partisan Republic: Colonial Myths and Memory Wars in Belarus, in J. Fedor and M. Kangaspuro eds., War and Memory in Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 371–396.
-
Lewis, S., 2018. The Jagiellonians in Belarus: a Gradual Release of Memory, in N. Nowakowska ed., Remembering the Jagiellonians, London: Routledge, pp. 162–182.
-
Lewis, S., 2019. Belarus – Alternative Visions. Nation, Memory and Cosmopolitanism. New York, London: Routledge.
-
Lindner, R., 1999. Historiker und Herrschaft. Nationsbildung und Geschichtspolitik in Wiessrussland im 19. und 20. Jahrhundert, München: R. Oldenbourg Verlag.
-
Lyč, L., 1995a. Bielarusizacyja 20-ch hadoŭ. Maladość, 11(513), pp. 187–211.
-
Lyč, L., 1995b. Bielarusizacyja 30-ch hadoŭ. Maladość, 12(514), pp. 197–207.
-
Lyč, L., 1997. Bielarusizacyja jak daminanta nacyjanaĺnaj palityki (lipień 1924 – siaredzina 30-ch hh.), in A. M. Macko ed., Nacyjanaĺnaja palityka i mižnacyjanaĺnyja adnosiny na Bielarusi ŭ XX stahoddzi. Minsk: Bielaruski dziaržaŭny universitet imia M. Tanka, pp. 22–37.
-
Lyč, L. and Navicky, U., 1996. Historyja kuĺtury Bielarusi. Minsk: Ekapierspektyva.
-
Lyč, L., 2006. Bielarusizacyja jak haloŭnaje zviano dziaržaŭnaj nacyjanaĺnaj palityki, in M. Kasciuk, ed., Historyja Bielarusi. U 6-ci tamach. Tom 5. Bielarus u 1917–1945hh. Minsk: Ekoperspektiva, pp. 216–226.
-
Markava, A., 2016. Šliach da savieckaj nacyji. Palityka bielarusizacyji, 1924–1929. Minsk: BHA.
-
Marková, A., 2012. Sovětská bělorusizace jako cesta k národu: iluze nebo realita? Praha: Nakladatelství Lidové noviny.
-
Marples, D., 2003. History and politics in post-Soviet Belarus. The foundations, in E. A. Korosteleva and C. Lawson eds., Contemporary Belarus: between democracy and dictatorship. London: Routledge, pp. 39–53.
-
Marples, D., 2012. History, Memory, and the Second World War in Belarus. Australian Journal of Politics and History, 58(3), pp. 437–448.
-
Marples, D., 2014. “Our glorious past”: Lukashenka’s Belarus and the Great Patriotic War. Stuttgart: Verlag.
-
Masnenko, V. V., ed., 2016. Prinadi i pastki susidkoy pamiati: recepcyja istorichnogo prostoru „Ukraina – Bilorus“, Cherkasi: Cherkaskyi nacionalniy universitet imeni Bogdana Chmelnickogo.
-
Novik, J. K. and Marcuĺ, H. S., 1998. Historyja Bielarusi. Minsk: Universitetskaje.
-
Novik, J. K. and Marcuĺ, H. S., 2000. Historyja Bielarusi. 2nd ed. Minsk: Vyšejšaja škola.
-
Novik, J. K. and Marcuĺ, H. S., 2003. Historyja Bielarusi. 3nd ed. Minsk: Vyšejšaja škola.
-
Novik, J. K. and Marcuĺ, H. S., 2007. Historyja Bielarusi. 4rd ed. Minsk: Vyšejšaja škola.
-
Ostrovskaja, T., 2010. Genealogija istoricheskoi pamjati belorusov v kontekste obrazovatel’nykh praktik. BISS SA, 2010(1), [online]. Available at: https://belinstitute.com/images/doc-pdf/sa012010ru.pdf [Accessed 3 November 2019].
-
Partnoŭ, A., 2000. Savietyzacyja histaryčnaj navuki ŭ Ukrainie i Bielarusi. Bielaruski histaryčny ahliad, 7(2), pp. 476–488.
-
Portnov, A., 2011. Post-Soviet Ukraine and Belarus Dealing with “The Great Patriotic War”, in N. Hayoz ed., 20 Years after the Collapse of Communism. Expectations, Achievements and Disillusions of 1989. Bern: Peter Lang, pp. 369–381.
-
Radzik, R., 2016. Rosyjski imperialism wspólnotowy, Lublin: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej.
-
Radzik, R., 2017. Dźvie interpretacyji historyji: pamiž savieckaścju i nacyjanalnym bačanniem. Bielaruski histaryčny ahliad, 24(46–47), pp. 131–160.
-
Rudling, P. A., 2017. “Unhappy Is the Person Who Has No Motherland”: National Ideology and History Writing in Lukashenka’s Belarus, in J. Fedor and M. Kangaspuro eds., War and Memory in Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 71–105.
-
Sahanovič, H., 2001. Dziesiać hadoŭ bielaruskai histaryjahrafii (1991–2000). Bielaruski histaryčny ahliad, 8(14–15), pp. 215–229.
-
Sahanovič, H., 2008. „Zapad“ v oficiaľnoj belaruskoj istoriografii: stereotipy Chuzhogo, in G. V. Kasjanov ed., Obraz Inshogo v susednich istoriyach: mifi, stereotipi, naukovi interpretacii. Kiyv: NAN Ukrainy, Institut Istorii Ukrainy, pp. 67–89.
-
Sahanovich, H., 2014. Changing Myths about Belarusian History, in K. Kolb ed., Belarus on the Forefront of Eurasia: between Moscow and Kyiv. Warsaw: ELIPSA, pp. 42–53.
-
Sahanowicz, Н., 2009. Losy białoruskiej historiograii: od sowietyzacji do zachodniorusizmu nowego typu. Studia Białorutenistyczne, 3(3), pp. 103–144.
-
Silivanchik, P., 1961. Dejateľnosť kommunisticheskoi partii Belorussii po osushchestvleniju kuľturnoi revoljucii v respublike (1919–1937 gg.). Minsk: Izdateľstvo Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta.
-
Smalianchuk, A., 2013. Bielaruskaja postsavieckaja histaryjahrafija: pamiž resavietyzacyjaj i novaj karparatyŭnaj etykaj. Arche, 2013(2), pp. 255–263.
-
Stalin, J., 1934. Marksizm i nacyjanaĺna-kalanijaĺnaje pytannie. Zbornik vybranych artykulaŭ i pramoŭ. Minsk: Partyjnaje vydaviectva.
-
Tokť, S., 2014. Instituty istoricheskoi nauki v Belarusi: analiz postsovietskich transformacij. Chast 5. Metodologija. Zaklyuchenyie. Historians, [online]. Available at: http://www.historians.in.ua/index.php/en/institutsiji-istorichnoji-nauki-v-ukrajini/1249-cerhei-tokts-ynstytuty-ystorycheskoy-nauky-v-belarusy-analyz-postsovetskykh-transformatsyy-chast-5-metodolohyia-zakliuchenye [Accessed 25 August 2019].
-
Waligórska, M., 2018. Remembering the Holocaust on the fault lines of East and West-European memorial cultures: the new memorial complex in Trastsianets, Belarus. Holocaust Studies. A Journal of Culture and History, 2018(24), pp. 1–25.
| All Time | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 894 | 116 | 8 |
| Full Text Views | 30 | 11 | 1 |
| PDF Views & Downloads | 74 | 33 | 2 |
Institutional Historical Memory and History in Post-Soviet Belarus
In: Journal of Belarusian StudiesSearch for other papers by Alena Marková in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Abstract
Belarusian institutional historical memory (as defined by Richard Ned Lebow) and the interpretation of Belarusian national history have experienced radical shifts in the past several decades. The first shift (1990–1994) was characterized by radical rejection of the interpretational and methodological patterns of the Soviet period, resulting in the creation of a new concept of Belarusian national history and historical narrative.
The second shift in the existing historical narrative and institutional memory followed rapidly. It came with the transformation from a parliamentary republic into a parliamentary-presidential (1994) and then presidential republic (1996). The second wave demonstrated a clear shift towards a methodological, theoretical approach and terminological framework typical of the historiography of the Soviet period. These changes were in response to the growing demands for ideological control of institutionalized historical research supported by the government in the same decade.
One of the characteristic features of recent Belarusian state-sponsored historiography (Lyč, Chigrinov, Marcuĺ, Novik and others) is the linking of post-Soviet national initiatives to Nazi occupation and collaboration in World War II. Another typical feature is simplifying historical explanations and often using undisguised pejorative terminology.
The last shift in institutional historical memory also resulted in further re-interpretations of many symbolic centres and milestones of Belarusian history (for example, the period of the first years of post-Soviet independence, the introduction of new national symbols (Pahonia coat of arms and white-red-white flag) and the interwar nationality policy of Belarusization of the 1920s.)
| All Time | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 894 | 116 | 8 |
| Full Text Views | 30 | 11 | 1 |
| PDF Views & Downloads | 74 | 33 | 2 |