Important life-cycle events in Kyrgyz society are marked by the staging of large, informal feasting celebrations, known collectively as toi. This article discusses continuity and change in the materiality and spirituality of toi making, specifically in urban Bishkek, the capital of Kyrgyzstan. Organized on a larger scale and with more expenses than elsewhere in the country, Bishkek toi demonstrate material and spiritual reciprocities that are crucial in the reproduction of social solidarity and exclusion, as well as poverty, prestige, and power in the post-socialist context.
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Madeleine Reeves, “Black Work, Green Money: Remittances, Ritual, and Domestic Economies in Southern Kyrgyzstan,” Slavic Review, 71, no. 1 (Spring 2012): 108–134; Igor Rubinov, “Migration, Development, and the ‘Toi Economy’: Cultural Integration of Remittances in Northern Kyrgyzstan,” https://src.auca.kg/images/stories/files/Igor_Rubinov.
Ellsworth Huntington, The Pulse of Asia: A Journey in Central Asia Illustrating the Geographic Basis of History (Boston: Houghton, Mifflin, and Co., 1907); Ch. Valikhanov, Zapiski o Kirgizakh, ed. A. Margulan (Alma-Ata: Redaktsiia Kazakhskoi Sovetskoi ensiklopedii, 1985); Ella Sykes, Through Deserts and Oases of Central Asia (London: Macmillan, 1920).
E. Krivets, Islam v Tsentral’noi Azii (Moscow: Lenom, 1999); H. Paksoy, “Tengri in Eurasia,” 2009, http://historicaltextarchive.com; Sergei Polyakov, Everyday Islam: Religion and Tradition in Rural Central Asia (Armonk, ny: M.E. Sharpe, 1992).
Adeeb Khalid, The Politics of Muslim Cultural Reform: Jadidism in Central Asia (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1998); A. Kubatova, Kyrgyzstandagy dzhadichilik kyimyly (Bishkek: Print-Express, 2013).
Marshall Sahlins, Stone Age Economics (New York: Aldine de Gruyter, 1972).
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Important life-cycle events in Kyrgyz society are marked by the staging of large, informal feasting celebrations, known collectively as toi. This article discusses continuity and change in the materiality and spirituality of toi making, specifically in urban Bishkek, the capital of Kyrgyzstan. Organized on a larger scale and with more expenses than elsewhere in the country, Bishkek toi demonstrate material and spiritual reciprocities that are crucial in the reproduction of social solidarity and exclusion, as well as poverty, prestige, and power in the post-socialist context.
All Time | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 635 | 142 | 14 |
Full Text Views | 226 | 8 | 1 |
PDF Views & Downloads | 56 | 9 | 2 |