State Reforms and Informal Payments in Secondary Education of Kazakhstan
In: Central Asian AffairsSearch for other papers by Dina Sharipova in
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This paper explores the issue of informal payments in the education sector. State underinvestment in education has significantly increased the scope of informal payments in the post-independence period. The authorities of Kazakhstan have legalized informal payments by introducing Councils of Trustees, creating open school budget accounts, and making changes in the distribution of public expenditures. Although these measures have reduced informal payments in schools, the money received from parents is still an important part of school budgets.
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| All Time | Past 365 days | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 517 | 66 | 16 |
| Full Text Views | 48 | 2 | 1 |
| PDF Views & Downloads | 46 | 2 | 0 |
State Reforms and Informal Payments in Secondary Education of Kazakhstan
In: Central Asian AffairsSearch for other papers by Dina Sharipova in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
This paper explores the issue of informal payments in the education sector. State underinvestment in education has significantly increased the scope of informal payments in the post-independence period. The authorities of Kazakhstan have legalized informal payments by introducing Councils of Trustees, creating open school budget accounts, and making changes in the distribution of public expenditures. Although these measures have reduced informal payments in schools, the money received from parents is still an important part of school budgets.
| All Time | Past 365 days | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 517 | 66 | 16 |
| Full Text Views | 48 | 2 | 1 |
| PDF Views & Downloads | 46 | 2 | 0 |