The child’s voice in adoption proceedings: A European perspective
In: The International Journal of Children's RightsThe right of the child to be heard in adoption proceedings flows directly from the provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, ratified by almost every country in the world. In this paper, the interpretation of this principle across European jurisdictions will be analysed, both in terms of children who are old enough to make a determinative decision concerning their future, and those who are younger yet still possess the right to be heard. The wide variety of practices in Europe highlight the lack of progress in this field of law, which is not assisted by the conservative jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights.
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2)
For 2003.
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5)
For 2008.
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10)
Lady B. Hale, ‘Can you hear me, your honour?’, Hershman Levy Memorial Lecture (2011) <http://www.alc.org.uk/uploads/Can_you_hear_me,_Your_Honour._Memorial_lecture_2011.pdf>, 14-15. See also Sir M. Potter, ‘The voice of the child: Children’s “Rights” in family proceedings’, International Family Law 3 (2008): 140–151.
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14)
K. Hunt Federle, ‘Children’s rights and the need for protection’, Family Law Quarterly 34(3) (2000–2001): 421–440, 439.
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19)
Article 24, Family Code 2004.
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20)
Article 124.5, Family Code 1999.
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21)
Articles 142-171, Family Law 1990.
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22)
Section 151, Family Law Act 2009.
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23)
Article 1255, Civil Code.
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27)
Article 132(1), Family Code 1995.
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30)
Article 15(2) of the Law No 9695 (2007).
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36)
Article 123, Family Law 2004.
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38)
Section 1981, Civil Code.
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42)
Article 345, Civil Code, 1997.
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43)
Article 89(4), Family Code 2003.
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44)
Section 1746, Civil Code.
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45)
Article 7, Law 184, 4 May 1983.
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50)
G. Lansdown, The Evolving Capacities of the Child (Florence: UNICEF, 2005) 49.
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55)
N. Taylor, P. Tapp, M. Henaghan, ‘Respecting children’s participation in family law proceedings’, International Journal of Children’s Rights 15 (2007): 61–82, 74 (original emphasis).
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62)
Section 8(2), Adoption Act 1985.
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63)
Family Act (1952). See Y. Brulard & L. Dumont, Comparative Study Relating to Procedures for Adoption Among the Member States of the European Union, Practical Difficulties Encountered in this Field by European Citizens within the Context of the European Pillar of Justice and Civil Matters and Means of Solving these Problems and of Protecting Children’s Rights (2007) JLS/2007/C4/017-30-CE-0157325/00-64, 211.
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70)
Section 67, Family Act No 94 (1963).
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85)
M. Freeman, ‘Why it remains important to take children’s rights seriously’, International Journal of Children’s Rights 15 (2007): 5–23; ‘Rethinking Gillick’, International Journal of Children’s Rights 13 (2005): 201–217.
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88)
See J. Raz, The Morality of Freedom (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1988).
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91)
Section 3(2) Adoption Act 1964.
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94)
J. Fortin, ‘Rights brought home for children’, Modern Law Review 52 (1999): 350–370, 357.
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100)
A. MacDonald, ‘Bringing rights home for children: Arguing the UNCRC’, Family Law 39 (2009): 1073–1079.
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120)
See J. Fortin, ‘Children’s representation through the looking glass’, Family Law 37 (2007): 500–510; American Bar Association Child Custody and Adoption Pro Bono Project, ‘Hearing children’s voices and interests in adoption and guardianship proceedings’, Family Law Quarterly 41(2) (2007): 365–391; M. Henaghan, ‘What does a child’s right to be heard in legal proceedings really mean? ABA custody standards do not go far enough’, Family Law Quarterly 42(1) (2008): 117–129; Nicola Taylor, Pauline Tapp, Mark Henaghan, above n. 55; D.N. Duquette, ‘Legal representation for children in protection proceedings: Two distinct lawyer roles are required’, Family Law Quarterly 34(3) (2000): 441–466; J. Cashmore & P. Parkinson, ‘What responsibility do courts have to hear children’s voices?’, International Journal of Children’s Rights 15 (2007): 43–60; D. Archard & M. Skivenes, above, n. 80; J. Masson, ‘Representation of children in England: Protecting children in child protection proceedings’, Family Law Quarterly 34(4) (2000): 467–495; E. Kay, M. Tisdall, R. Bray et al., ‘Children’s participation in family law proceedings: A step too far or a step too small?’, Journal of Social Welfare and Family Law 26(1) (2004): 17–33.
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125)
See, for example, J.I. Mill, ‘Conversations with children: A Judge’s perspective on meeting the patient before operating on the family’, New Zealand Family Law Journal 6 (2008): 72–79.
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The child’s voice in adoption proceedings: A European perspective
In: The International Journal of Children's RightsThe right of the child to be heard in adoption proceedings flows directly from the provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, ratified by almost every country in the world. In this paper, the interpretation of this principle across European jurisdictions will be analysed, both in terms of children who are old enough to make a determinative decision concerning their future, and those who are younger yet still possess the right to be heard. The wide variety of practices in Europe highlight the lack of progress in this field of law, which is not assisted by the conservative jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights.
| All Time | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 288 | 86 | 4 |
| Full Text Views | 130 | 10 | 1 |
| PDF Views & Downloads | 53 | 22 | 0 |