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Old Chinese *sm- and the Old Tibetan Word for ‘Fire’

In: Cahiers de Linguistique Asie Orientale
Author:
Nathan W. Hill Department of Linguistics and Department of China & Inner Asia, SOAS, University of London

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Several sinologists have compared Chinese 𤈦 xjwɨjX ‘burn’ or 火 xwaX ‘fire’ to an Old Tibetan word smye ‘fire’. No such Old Tibetan word exists. Instead, mye is the Old Tibetan word for fire and smye, also spelled dmeḥ, means ‘stain, impurity, sin’. Tibetan evidence in this case does not support a reconstruction *sm- in Old Chinese.

Plusieurs sinologues ont tenté de rapprocher les formes 𤈦 xjwɨjX «brûler» et 
火 xwaX «feu» du chinois de la forme smye du tibétain ancien. Il s’avère que cette dernière forme en tibétain n’a pas le sens de «feu». En effet, le mot en tibétain ancien pour «feu» est mye; la forme smye, également orthographié dmeḥ, renvoie quant à elle au mot «impureté, péché». Ainsi, les données du tibétain ne sauraient conforter la reconstruction *sm- du chinois archaïque.

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