When Donald J. Trump announced his presidential candidacy, it seemed as if conservative intellectuals formed a united front against his ideas and persona. Michael Anton challenged this perception in his essay “The Flight 93 Election” (2016) in which he framed Trumpism as the only viable alternative to a sclerotic conservatism. As Anton received support from a prominent West Coast Straussian, Charles Kesler, a debate ensued as to what extent Trumpism reflected Straussian ideas. References to philosopher Leo Strauss and the contextualization of Anton’s quest within a Straussian intellectual space served in part the intellectual branding of a populist strand of conservatism and its differentiation from liberalism. By suggesting a proximity between Straussianism and Trump’s political views, Anton and Kesler tried to provide the Trump candidacy and, eventually, the presidency with a narrative of intellectual legitimacy and continuity, while they could simultaneously build on the Straussian critique of liberalism.
Purchase
Buy instant access (PDF download and unlimited online access):
Institutional Login
Log in with Open Athens, Shibboleth, or your institutional credentials
Personal login
Log in with your brill.com account
Anton, M. (2014/2015). Harry V. Jaffa: An Appreciation. Claremont Review of Books, winter. https://claremontreviewofbooks.com/harry-v-jaffa-an-appreciation/.
Anton, M. [Publius Decius Mus] (2016a). The Flight 93 Election. Claremont Review of Books, Sept. 5. https://www.claremont.org/crb/basicpage/the-flight-93-election/.
Anton, M. [Publius Decius Mus] (2016b). Restatement on Flight 93. Claremont Review of Books, Sept. 13. https://www.claremont.org/crb/basicpage/restatement-on-flight-93/.
Anton, M. (2016c). Prudence: For Trump. Claremont Review of Books, Sept. 24. https://www.claremont.org/crb/basicpage/prudence-for-trump/.
Anton, M. (2016d). A Progressive Smear Against Pro-Trump Intellectuals. American Greatness, Oct. 17. https://amgreatness.com/2016/10/17/a-progressive-smear-against/.
Anton, M. (2019a). After the Flight 93 Election: The Vote that Saved America and What We Still Have to Lose. New York: Encounter Books.
Anton, M. (2019b). The Empire Strikes Back. Claremont Review of Books, Nov. 22. https://claremontreviewofbooks.com/digital/the-empire-strikes-back/.
Anton, M. (2020a). The Stakes: America at the Point of No Return. Washington: Regnery Publishing.
Anton, M. (2020b). The Case for Trump. Claremont Review of Books, summer. https://claremontreviewofbooks.com/the-case-for-trump/.
Anton, M. (2020c). The Coming Coup? Claremont Review of Books, April 9. https://americanmind.org/salvo/the-coming-coup/.
Anton, M. (2020/2021). The Continuing Crisis. Claremont Review of Books, winter. https://claremontreviewofbooks.com/the-continuing-crisis/.
Assheuer, T. (2018). Das Recht bin ich. Die Zeit, May 16, p. 41.
Bai, T. (2000). Plato, Strauss, And Political Philosophy: An Interview with Stanley Rosen. Diotima 2 (1). https://college.holycross.edu/diotima/n1v2/rosen.htm.
Bartmanski, D. (2011). How to Become an Iconic Social Thinker: The Intellectual Pursuits of Malinowski and Foucault. European Journal of Social Theory 15 (2), pp. 427–453.
Baskin, J. (2017). The Academic Home of Trumpism. Chronicle of Higher Education, March 17. Via factiva.
Blau, Adrian. (2012). Anti-Strauss. The Journal of Politics, 74 (1), pp. 142–155.
Bloom, A. (1987). The Closing of the American Mind. New York: Simon & Schuster.
Brooks, D. (2016). If Not Trump, What? The New York Times, April 29. https://www.nytimes.com/2016/04/29/opinion/if-not-trump-what.html.
Brumlik, M. (2018). Gerechtigkeit für Leo Strauss. Die Zeit, May 24, p. 38.
Critchlow, D.T. (2011). The Conservative Ascendancy: How the Republican Right Rose to Power in Modern America. 2nd ed. Lawrence: Kansas University Press.
Deutsch, K.L. (1999). Leo Strauss’s Friendly Criticism of American Liberal Democracy. In: K.L. Deutsch and J.A. Murley, eds., Leo Strauss, The Straussians, and the Study of the American Regime, Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, pp. 51–67.
Duff, A.S. (2010). Stanley Rosen’s Critique of Leo Strauss. The Review of Metaphysics 63 (3), pp. 615–642.
Field, L.K. (2021). What the Hell Happened to the Claremont Institute? The Bulwark, July 13. https://www.thebulwark.com/what-the-hell-happened-to-the-claremont-institute/.
Fischer, M., and Stanley-Becker, I. (2021). The Claremont Institute Triumphed in the Trump Years. Then Came Jan. 6. Washington Post, July 24. https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2022/07/24/claremont-john-eastman-trump/.
Freeden, M. (1996). Ideologies and Political Theory: A Conceptual Approach. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
George, J. (2005). Leo Strauss, Neoconservatism and US Foreign Policy: Esoteric Nihilism and the Bush Doctrine. International Politics 42 (2), pp. 174–202.
Goldberg, J. (2016). Is this a “Flight 93” Election? National Review, Sept. 10. https://www.nationalreview.com/g-file/flight-93-election-hillary-clinton-threat-america/.
Goren L., and Lane, J.H. (2015). Straussianism. In: M.T. Gibbons, ed., The Encyclopedia of Political Thought, Hoboken: Wiley Blackwell, pp. 1–4.
Gottfried, P.E. (2012). Leo Strauss and the Conservative Movement in America: A Critical Appraisal. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Gray, R. (2017). The Populist Nationalist on Trump’s National Security Council. The Atlantic, March 24. https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2017/03/does-trumps-resident-intellectual-speak-for-his-boss/520683/.
Havers, G. The Final Volley in the Strauss Wars? The European Legacy, 18 (1), pp. 78–82.
Heilbrunn, J. (2017). Donald Trump’s Brains. The New York Review of Books, Dec. 21. http://www.nybooks.com/articles/2017/12/21/donald-trump-brains/.
Howse, R. (2014). Leo Strauss: Man of Peace. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Jaffa, H. (1959). Crisis of the House Divided: An Interpretation of the Issues in the Lincoln-Douglas Debates. New York City: Doubleday.
Kaufmann, C. (1997). Leo Strauss zur Einführung. Hamburg: Junius.
Kesler, C.R. (2015). You’re Fired! Claremont Review of Books, Aug. 25, 2015. https://www.claremont.org/crb/article/youre-fired/.
Kesler, C.R. (2016a). Trump and the Conservative Cause. Claremont Review of Books, spring. https://claremontreviewofbooks.com/donald-trump-and-the-conservative-cause/.
Kesler, C.R. (2016b). How Political Incorrectness Has Propelled Trump’s Success. New York Post, May 23. https://nypost.com/2016/05/23/how-political-incorrectness-has-propelled-trumps-success/.
Kesler, C.R. (2016c). Why “Never Trump” conservatives are wrong about Trump, The Washington Post, June 30. https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/why-never-trump-conservatives-are-wrong-about-trump/2016/06/30/0ae53e30-3d5e-11e6-84e8-1580c7db5275_story.html?utm_term=.c136fa92a117.
Kesler, C.R. (2017a). Donald Trump Is a Real Republican, and That’s a Good Thing. The New York Times, April 26. https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/26/opinion/donald-trump-is-a-real-republican-and-thats-a-good-thing.html.
Kesler, C.R. (2017b). Draining the Swamp. Claremont Review of Books, Oct. 17. https://www.claremont.org/crb/article/draining-the-swamp/.
Kesler, C.R. (2018a). Thinking about Trump. Claremont Review of Books, spring. https://claremontreviewofbooks.com/thinking-about-trump/.
Kesler, C.R. (2020/2021). After January 6th. Claremont Review of Books, winter. https://claremontreviewofbooks.com/after-january-6th/.
Lilla, M. (2016). The Shipwrecked Mind: On Political Reaction. New York: New York Review of Books.
Linker, D. (2021). What the Claremont Institute Failed to Learn from Leo Strauss. The Week, July 13. https://theweek.com/talking-points/1002547/how-the-claremont-institute-went-off-the-rails.
Lord, C. (1999). Thoughts on Strauss and Our Present Discontents. In K.L. Deutsch and J.A. Murley, eds., Leo Strauss, The Straussians, and the Study of the American Regime, Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, pp. 413–417.
Lukianoff, G. and Haidt, J. (2018). The Coddling of the American Mind: How Good Intentions and Bad Ideas Are Setting Up a Generation for Failure. New York: Penguin.
Mason, J.G. (2004). Leo Strauss and the Noble Lie: The Neo-Cons at War. Logos 3 (2), pp. 1–13.
Mewes, H. (2004). Roundtable Discussion: Views on Democracy. In: P. Kielmansegg, H. Mewes, and E. Glaser, eds., Hannah Arendt and Leo Strauss: German Émigrés and American Political Thought after World War ii. Washington, D.C., and Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 182–190.
Meyer, T. (2017). Der Legionär. Süddeutsche Zeitung, Feb. 10, p. 12.
Minowitz, P. (2009). Straussophobia: Defending Leo Strauss and Straussians against Shadia Drury and Other Accusers. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books.
Mjasiri, J. (2016). Strauss Created Donald Trump. Tanzania Daily News/All Africa Global Media, Aug. 29, 2016. Via factiva.
Nash, G.C. (1996). The Conservative Intellectual Movement in America since 1945. Rev. ed. Wilmington: ISI Books New York.
Neumann, M. (2018). Die Trump-Philosophen. nzz International, April 5. Via factiva.
Norton, A. (2004). Leo Strauss and the Politics of American Empire. New Haven, NJ, and London: Yale University Press.
Peters, Michael A. (2008). Leo Strauss and the Neoconservative Critique of the Liberal University: Postmodernism, Relativism and the Culture Wars. Critical Studies in Education 49 (1), pp. 11–32.
Rábago, J. (2018). Trump, estratega irracional o cínico calculador? Información, June 1, 2018. Via factiva.
Richter, P. (2017). Soutanen im Surf-Shop. Süddeutsche Zeitung, March 18, p. 15.
Sannéh, K. (2017). Intellectuals for Trump. The New Yorker, Jan. 9. https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2017/01/09/intellectuals-for-trump.
Schuessler, J. (2017). “Charge the Cockpit or You Die”: Behind an Incendiary Case for Trump. The New York Times, Feb. 20. https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/20/arts/charge-the-cockpit-or-you-die-behind-an-incendiary-case-for-trump.html.
Smith, S.B. (2006). Reading Leo Strauss: Politics, Philosophy, Judaism. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press.
Strauss, L. (1941). Persecution and the Art of Writing. Social Research 9 (4), pp. 488–504.
Strauss, L. (1953/1965). Natural Right and History. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
Strauss, L. (1954/2014). Restatement on Xenophon’s Hiero. In: V. Gourvetich and M. Roth, eds., On Tyranny: Corrected and Expanded Edition, Including the Strauss-Kojève Correspondence, Chicago: Chicago University Press, pp. 177–214.
Strauss, L. (1968/1995). Liberalism Ancient and Modern. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press.
Thompson, C.B., and Brook, Y. (2010). Neoconservatism: Obituary for an Idea. New York: Paradigm Publishers.
Torres, A.J. (2018). Nationalism, Universalism and Nihilism: Trump’s Politics in Light of the Strauss-Kojève Debate. In: M.B. Sable and A.J. Torres, eds., Trump and Political Philosophy: Patriotism, Cosmopolitanism, and Civic Virtue, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 315–330.
Van den Abbeele, G. (1997). The Persecution of Writing: Revisiting Strauss and Censorship. Diacritics 27 (2), pp. 2–17.
Zerofsky, E. (2022). How the Claremont Institute Became a Nerve Center of the American Right. New York Times, Aug. 8. https://www.nytimes.com/2022/08/03/magazine/claremont-institute-conservative.html?searchResultPosition=1.
Zuckert, C.H., and Zuckert, M.P. (2006). The Truth about Leo Strauss: Political Philosophy and Democracy. Chicago: Chicago University Press.
Zuckert, M.P., and Zuckert, C.H. (2014). Leo Strauss and the Problem of Political Philosophy. Chicago: Chicago University Press.
All Time | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 62 | 62 | 0 |
Full Text Views | 241 | 241 | 72 |
PDF Views & Downloads | 442 | 442 | 123 |
When Donald J. Trump announced his presidential candidacy, it seemed as if conservative intellectuals formed a united front against his ideas and persona. Michael Anton challenged this perception in his essay “The Flight 93 Election” (2016) in which he framed Trumpism as the only viable alternative to a sclerotic conservatism. As Anton received support from a prominent West Coast Straussian, Charles Kesler, a debate ensued as to what extent Trumpism reflected Straussian ideas. References to philosopher Leo Strauss and the contextualization of Anton’s quest within a Straussian intellectual space served in part the intellectual branding of a populist strand of conservatism and its differentiation from liberalism. By suggesting a proximity between Straussianism and Trump’s political views, Anton and Kesler tried to provide the Trump candidacy and, eventually, the presidency with a narrative of intellectual legitimacy and continuity, while they could simultaneously build on the Straussian critique of liberalism.
All Time | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 62 | 62 | 0 |
Full Text Views | 241 | 241 | 72 |
PDF Views & Downloads | 442 | 442 | 123 |