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Development of embryos and larvae of Portunus trituberculatus (Decapoda, Brachyura) in off-season breeding mode

In: Crustaceana
Authors:
Huaihua Yu Marine and Fishery Institute of Zhejiang Ocean University, Marine Fisheries Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Zhoushan 316021, Zhejiang, P.R. China

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Wenjun Xu Marine and Fishery Institute of Zhejiang Ocean University, Marine Fisheries Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Zhoushan 316021, Zhejiang, P.R. China
Key Laboratory of Marine Culture and Enhancement of Zhejiang Province, Zhoushan 316021, Zhejiang, P.R. China

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Dongxu Zhang Marine and Fishery Institute of Zhejiang Ocean University, Marine Fisheries Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Zhoushan 316021, Zhejiang, P.R. China
Key Laboratory of Marine Culture and Enhancement of Zhejiang Province, Zhoushan 316021, Zhejiang, P.R. China

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Haoxue Cheng Marine and Fishery Institute of Zhejiang Ocean University, Marine Fisheries Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Zhoushan 316021, Zhejiang, P.R. China

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Kaijie Wu Marine and Fishery Institute of Zhejiang Ocean University, Marine Fisheries Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Zhoushan 316021, Zhejiang, P.R. China

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Jie He Marine and Fishery Institute of Zhejiang Ocean University, Marine Fisheries Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Zhoushan 316021, Zhejiang, P.R. China
Key Laboratory of Marine Culture and Enhancement of Zhejiang Province, Zhoushan 316021, Zhejiang, P.R. China

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Abstract

Studying the development of embryos and larvae is vital in the understanding of crab biology, which is helpful for the smooth progression of crab culture. The development of embryos and larvae of Portunus trituberculatus under the off-season breeding mode was studied in this paper. The results showed that the embryonic development of P. trituberculatus could be divided into nine stages: zygote, cleavage, blastocyst, gastrula, nauplius, metanauplius, protozoea, prehatching stage and hatching stage. The colour of each stage was yellow, orange-yellow, orange-yellow, orange-yellow, orange, orange, jacinth, dark grey and black, respectively. When the water temperature and salinity were 28.6 ± 0.7°C and 26.3 ± 0.4, respectively, the embryonic development time was 180 hours and the effective accumulated temperature reached 4248 h · °C. Larval development went through a zoea and a megalopa phase. The zoeae can be divided into stage I zoea (Z1), stage II zoea (Z2), stage III zoea (Z3) and stage IV zoea (Z4). Under the conditions of a temperature of 29.7 ± 1.3°C and a salinity of 26.1 ± 0.2, it only took about 12 days from hatching to the development of a stage I juvenile crab (C1). In this study, it was found that the embryos and larvae could develop normally under the conditions of high temperature, and the breeding time was greatly shortened. Therefore, the off-season breeding and cultivation were considered promising for the aquaculture of this crab.

Résumé

Etudier le développement des embryons et des larves est important pour comprendre la biologie des crabes, ce qui aide pour un bon déroulement de l’élevage. Ce papier étudie le développement des embryons et des larves de Portunus trituberculatus en dehors de la saison de reproduction. Les résultats montrent que le développement embryonnaire de P. trituberculatus peut être divisé en neuf stades : zygote, segmentation, blastocyte, gastrula, nauplius, métanauplius, protozoé, stade pré-éclosion et stade d’éclosion. La couleur de chaque stade a été respectivement jaune, orange-jaune, orange-jaune, orange-jaune, orange, orange, jacinthe, gris sombre et noir. Pour une température de l’eau de 28,6 ± 0,7°C et une salinité de 26,3 ± 0,4, le développement embryonnaire est de 180 heures et la température accumulée effective atteint 4248 h · °C. Le développement larvaire passe par des stades zoés et mégalopes. La zoé peut être divisée en stade I (Z1), II (Z2), III (Z3) et IV (Z4). Pour les conditions de température de 29,7 ± 1,3°C et de salinité de 26,1 ± 0,2, il faut seulement 12 jours pour passer de l’éclosion au stade juvénile de crabe I (C1). Dans cette étude il a été trouvé que les embryons et les larves pouvaient se développer normalement dans des conditions de températures élevées, et le temps de reproduction à été très raccourci. Ainsi la reproduction hors-saison et l’élevage ont été considérés comme prometteurs pour l’aquaculture de ce crabe.

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