In the Genesis Apocryphon (1Q20 20:28–29) the verb גער “to rebuke” refers to the expelling of an impure spirit. A similar usage occurs in later magical amulets. Developing the hunch of earlier scholars such as Felix Klein-Franke and André Caquot, the present paper argues that the verb גער acquired a specialized meaning “to exorcize” because of the frequent use of Zech 3:2 in exorcisms. The usage is “delocutive”, גער means: “to say: ‘May the Lord rebuke you.’ ”
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See, e.g., E. Y. Kutscher, “The Language of the Genesis Apocryphon: A Preliminary Study,” in Aspects of the Dead Sea Scrolls (Scripta Hierosolymitana 4; Jerusalem: Magnes, 1958), 1–35; K. Beyer, Die aramäischen Texte vom Toten Meer (Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1984), 23–71; E. Cook, “Qumran Aramaic and Aramaic Dialectology,” in Studies in Qumran Aramaic (ed. T. Muraoka; Abr-Nahrain Supplement 3; Leuven: Peeters, 1992), 1–21; M. O. Wise, “Accidents and Accidence: A Scribal View of Linguistic Dating of the Aramaic Scrolls from Qumran,” in Studies in Qumran Aramaic, 124–67; J. Joosten, “Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek in the Qumran Scrolls,” in The Oxford Handbook of the Dead Sea Scrolls (ed. T. H. Lim and J. J. Collins; Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010), 351–74, esp. 362–68; T. Muraoka, A Grammar of Qumran Aramaic (Leuven:Peeters, 2011); A. Koller, “Four Dimensions of Linguistic Variation: Aramaic Dialects in and around Qumran,” in The Dead Sea Scrolls in Context (ed. A. Lange, E. Tov, and M. Weigold; vtSup 140; Leiden: Brill, 2011), 199–213.
See S. E. Fassberg, “Salient Features of the Verbal System in the Aramaic Dead Sea Scrolls,” in Aramaica Qumranica: Proceedings of the Conference on the Aramaic Texts from Qumran in Aix-en-Provence 30 June–2 July 2008 (ed. K. Berthelot and D. Stökl Ben Ezra; stdj 94; Leiden: Brill, 2010), 65–81, on p. 67.
J. C. Greenfield, “The Genesis Apocryphon. Observations on Some Words and Phrases,” in Studies in Hebrew and Semitic Languages Dedicated to the Memory of Prof. Eduard Yechezkel Kutscher (Ramat-Gan: Bar-Ilan University Press, 1980), xxxii–xxxix, esp. xxxvii.
See, e.g., J. A. Montgomery, Aramaic Incantation Texts from Nippur (Philadelphia: University Museum, 1913), texts iii 12; v 5; xvi 14; xxvi 2–3; Naveh and Shaked, Amulets and Magic Bowls, texts A 1, 5–6; B 11, 5–6.
See, e.g., J. Joosten, “(Hebrew in) Egypt: in Antiquity,” in Encyclopedia of Hebrew Language and Linguistics, Volume i(ed. Geoffrey Khan et al.; Leiden: Brill, 2013), 790–91.
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In the Genesis Apocryphon (1Q20 20:28–29) the verb גער “to rebuke” refers to the expelling of an impure spirit. A similar usage occurs in later magical amulets. Developing the hunch of earlier scholars such as Felix Klein-Franke and André Caquot, the present paper argues that the verb גער acquired a specialized meaning “to exorcize” because of the frequent use of Zech 3:2 in exorcisms. The usage is “delocutive”, גער means: “to say: ‘May the Lord rebuke you.’ ”
All Time | Past 365 days | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 451 | 63 | 3 |
Full Text Views | 218 | 0 | 0 |
PDF Views & Downloads | 56 | 1 | 0 |