Mark D. Chapman and James W. Watson, “Making Contact: Explaining the Personal Networks of Contemporary Canadian Church Planters.” Canadian Society for Studies in Religion Annual Meeting (2011), For the purposes of this paper a church planter is an individual or individuals who are involved in developing new expressions of Christian community (local churches). It may or may not be associated with an existing church community. It usually contains some Christians but often the objective is to develop a new church primarily with people who are not actively participating in a Christian community.

Mark D. Chapman and James W. Watson, “Making Contact: Explaining the Personal Networks of Contemporary Canadian Church Planters.” Canadian Society for Studies in Religion Annual Meeting (2011), For the purposes of this paper a church planter is an individual or individuals who are involved in developing new expressions of Christian community (local churches). It may or may not be associated with an existing church community. It usually contains some Christians but often the objective is to develop a new church primarily with people who are not actively participating in a Christian community.)| false
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Narry Santos, “What’s a Missionary Doing in Canada? The Story of Greenhills Christian Fellowship,” in Green Shoots Out of Dry Ground: Growing a New Future for the Church in Canada, ed. John P. Bowen (Eugene, Oregon: Wipf & Stock, 2013); Connie denBok, “Church Planting by Immigrant Christians—and What the Rest of Us Can Learn,” in Green Shoots Out of Dry Ground: Growing a New Future for the Church in Canada, ed. John P. Bowen (Eugene, Oregon: Wipf & Stock, 2013). Church planting initiatives arise from Canadian denominations and from at least three different, interdenominational, national Canadian church planting groups (Church Planting Canada—http://churchplantingcanada.ca, C2C network—http://www.c2cnetwork.ca, Vision Ministries Canada—http://www.vision-ministries.org).

Narry Santos, “What’s a Missionary Doing in Canada? The Story of Greenhills Christian Fellowship,” in Green Shoots Out of Dry Ground: Growing a New Future for the Church in Canada, ed. John P. Bowen (Eugene, Oregon: Wipf & Stock, 2013); Connie denBok, “Church Planting by Immigrant Christians—and What the Rest of Us Can Learn,” in Green Shoots Out of Dry Ground: Growing a New Future for the Church in Canada, ed. John P. Bowen (Eugene, Oregon: Wipf & Stock, 2013). Church planting initiatives arise from Canadian denominations and from at least three different, interdenominational, national Canadian church planting groups (Church Planting Canada—http://churchplantingcanada.ca, C2C network—http://www.c2cnetwork.ca, Vision Ministries Canada—http://www.vision-ministries.org).)| false
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Feng Hou, “Spatial Assimilation of Racial Minorities in Canada’s Immigrant Gateway Cities.” Urban Studies 43, no. 7 (2006), pp. 1191–213; Feng Hou and Larry S. Bourne, “The Migration— Immigration Link in Canada’s Gateway Cities: A Comparative Study of Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver.” Environment & Planning 38, no. 8 (2006), pp. 1505–26; Lucia Lo, “DiverCity Toronto: Canada’s Premier Gateway City,” in Migrants to the Metropolis: The Rise of Immigrant Gateway Cities, eds. Marie Price and Lisa Benton-Short (Syracuse, New York: Syracuse University Press, 2008).

Feng Hou, “Spatial Assimilation of Racial Minorities in Canada’s Immigrant Gateway Cities.” Urban Studies 43, no. 7 (2006), pp. 1191–213; Feng Hou and Larry S. Bourne, “The Migration— Immigration Link in Canada’s Gateway Cities: A Comparative Study of Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver.” Environment & Planning 38, no. 8 (2006), pp. 1505–26; Lucia Lo, “DiverCity Toronto: Canada’s Premier Gateway City,” in Migrants to the Metropolis: The Rise of Immigrant Gateway Cities, eds. Marie Price and Lisa Benton-Short (Syracuse, New York: Syracuse University Press, 2008).)| false
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Immigration Canada, Annual Report to Parliament (Ottawa: Immigration Canada, 1990).

Immigration Canada, Annual Report to Parliament (Ottawa: Immigration Canada, 1990).)| false
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Stephen Castles and Mark J. Miller, The Age of Migration: International Population Movements in the Modern World (New York: Guilford Press, 2009); Robert Murdie and Sutama Ghosh, “Does Spatial Concentration Always Mean a Lack of Integration? Exploring Ethnic Concentration and Integration in Toronto.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 36, no. 2 (2010), pp. 293–311.

Stephen Castles and Mark J. Miller, The Age of Migration: International Population Movements in the Modern World (New York: Guilford Press, 2009); Robert Murdie and Sutama Ghosh, “Does Spatial Concentration Always Mean a Lack of Integration? Exploring Ethnic Concentration and Integration in Toronto.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 36, no. 2 (2010), pp. 293–311.)| false
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Phillip Carey Connor, Immigrant Faith: Patterns of Immigrant Religion in the United States, Canada, and Western Europe (New York: New York University Press, 2014); Jim Simmons and Larry S. Bourne, The Canadian Urban System in 2011: Looking Back and Projecting Forward (Toronto, Ontario: Cities Centre, University of Toronto, 2013).

Phillip Carey Connor, Immigrant Faith: Patterns of Immigrant Religion in the United States, Canada, and Western Europe (New York: New York University Press, 2014); Jim Simmons and Larry S. Bourne, The Canadian Urban System in 2011: Looking Back and Projecting Forward (Toronto, Ontario: Cities Centre, University of Toronto, 2013).)| false
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Statistics Canada, “Projections of the Diversity of the Canadian Population: 2006 to 2031.” The Daily (2010): Accessed Tuesday, October 4, 2016, 2016. http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/91-551-x/2010001/hl-fs-eng.htm.

Statistics Canada, “Projections of the Diversity of the Canadian Population: 2006 to 2031.” The Daily (2010): Accessed Tuesday, October 4, 2016, 2016. http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/91-551-x/2010001/hl-fs-eng.htm.)| false
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Myer Siemiatycki, “Governing Immigrant City: Immigrant Political Representation in Toronto.” American Behavioral Scientist 55, no. 9 (2011), pp. 1214–34.

Myer Siemiatycki, “Governing Immigrant City: Immigrant Political Representation in Toronto.” American Behavioral Scientist 55, no. 9 (2011), pp. 1214–34.)| false
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Andrew Heisz, Canada’s Global Cities: Socio-Economic Conditions in Montréal, Toronto and Vancouver (Ottawa: Statistics Canada, 2006).

Andrew Heisz, Canada’s Global Cities: Socio-Economic Conditions in Montréal, Toronto and Vancouver (Ottawa: Statistics Canada, 2006).)| false
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David Ley, “The Immigrant Church as an Urban Service Hub.” Urban Studies 45, no. 10 (2008), p. 2057; Mark Mullins, “The Life-Cycle of Ethnic Churches in Sociological Perspective.” Japanese Journal of Religious Studies 14, no. 4 (1987), pp. 321–34; Brian Seim, Canada’s New Harvest: Helping Churches Touch Newcomers; With a Review of the Decade of the 1990s, New Information From the Statistics Canada-1996 Census, a Christian Immigrant Leaders Survey and Reconciliation Principles (Scarborough, Ontario: sim Canada in partnership with Vision Canada: 2000 & Beyond, 1999); Enoch Wan, Missions Within Reach: Intercultural Ministries in Canada (Hong Kong: China Alliance Press, 1995); James W. Watson, et al. “Churches Responding to the Immigrant Reality in Canada.” CUExpo (2011).

David Ley, “The Immigrant Church as an Urban Service Hub.” Urban Studies 45, no. 10 (2008), p. 2057; Mark Mullins, “The Life-Cycle of Ethnic Churches in Sociological Perspective.” Japanese Journal of Religious Studies 14, no. 4 (1987), pp. 321–34; Brian Seim, Canada’s New Harvest: Helping Churches Touch Newcomers; With a Review of the Decade of the 1990s, New Information From the Statistics Canada-1996 Census, a Christian Immigrant Leaders Survey and Reconciliation Principles (Scarborough, Ontario: sim Canada in partnership with Vision Canada: 2000 & Beyond, 1999); Enoch Wan, Missions Within Reach: Intercultural Ministries in Canada (Hong Kong: China Alliance Press, 1995); James W. Watson, et al. “Churches Responding to the Immigrant Reality in Canada.” CUExpo (2011).)| false
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Brian Seim, “Reaching the World At Our Doorstep,” in Discipling Our Nation: Equipping the Canadian Church for Its Mission, ed. Murray Moerman (Delta, British Columbia: Church Leadership Library, 2005); Sam Owusu, “‘To All Nations,’ the Distinctive Witness of the Intercultural Church,” in Green Shoots Out of Dry Ground: Growing a New Future for the Church in Canada, ed. John P. Bowen (Eugene, Oregon: Wipf & Stock, 2013); Santos, “What’s a Missionary Doing in Canada? The Story of Greenhills Christian Fellowship.”

Brian Seim, “Reaching the World At Our Doorstep,” in Discipling Our Nation: Equipping the Canadian Church for Its Mission, ed. Murray Moerman (Delta, British Columbia: Church Leadership Library, 2005); Sam Owusu, “‘To All Nations,’ the Distinctive Witness of the Intercultural Church,” in Green Shoots Out of Dry Ground: Growing a New Future for the Church in Canada, ed. John P. Bowen (Eugene, Oregon: Wipf & Stock, 2013); Santos, “What’s a Missionary Doing in Canada? The Story of Greenhills Christian Fellowship.”)| false
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Harvie M. Conn, Planting and Growing Urban Churches: From Dream to Reality (Grand Rapids, Michigan: Baker Publishing Group, 1997); Robert C. Linthicum, “Networking: Hope for the Church in the City,” in Planting and Growing Urban Churches: From Dream to Reality, ed. Harvie M. Conn (Grand Rapids, Michigan: Baker Books, 1997); Harvie M. Conn and Manuel Ortiz, Urban Ministry: The Kingdom, the City, & the People of God (Downers Grove, Illinois: InterVarsity Press, 2001); Bob Roberts, Glocalization: How Followers of Christ Engage the New Flat Earth (Grand Rapids, Michigan: Zondervan, 2007).

Harvie M. Conn, Planting and Growing Urban Churches: From Dream to Reality (Grand Rapids, Michigan: Baker Publishing Group, 1997); Robert C. Linthicum, “Networking: Hope for the Church in the City,” in Planting and Growing Urban Churches: From Dream to Reality, ed. Harvie M. Conn (Grand Rapids, Michigan: Baker Books, 1997); Harvie M. Conn and Manuel Ortiz, Urban Ministry: The Kingdom, the City, & the People of God (Downers Grove, Illinois: InterVarsity Press, 2001); Bob Roberts, Glocalization: How Followers of Christ Engage the New Flat Earth (Grand Rapids, Michigan: Zondervan, 2007).)| false
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Linthicum, “Networking,” p. 164.

Linthicum, “Networking,” p. 164.)| false
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T.V. Thomas and Enoch Wan, “What Denominational Leaders Should Know But Have Never Been Told Regarding Intercultural Ministries,” in Missions Within Reach: Intercultural Ministries in Canada (Hong Kong: China Alliance Press, 1995).

T.V. Thomas and Enoch Wan, “What Denominational Leaders Should Know But Have Never Been Told Regarding Intercultural Ministries,” in Missions Within Reach: Intercultural Ministries in Canada (Hong Kong: China Alliance Press, 1995).)| false
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Alan Hirsch, The Forgotten Ways: Reactivating the Missional Church (Grand Rapids, Michigan: Brazos Press, 2006); Veli-Matti Kärkkäinen, Introduction to Ecclesiology: Ecumenical, Historical & Global Perspectives (Downers Grove, Illinois: InterVarsity Press, 2002); Jervis David Payne, Discovering Church Planting: An Introduction to the Whats, Whys, and Hows of Global Church Planting (Colorado Springs: Paternoster Publishing, 2009); Bob Roberts, The Multiplying Church: The New Math for Starting New Churches (Grand Rapids, Michigan: Zondervan, 2008); Craig Ott and Gene Wilson, Global Church Planting: Biblical Principles and Best Practices for Multiplication (Grand Rapids, Michigan: Baker Academic, 2011); Jervis David Payne, Strangers Next Door: Immigration, Migration and Mission (Downers Grove, Illinois: IVP Books, 2012); Bob Roberts Jr. “Transformation: How Glocal Churches Transform Lives and the World.” (2006), p. 193; Sadiri Joy Tira, ed. Human Tidal Wave: Global Migration, Megacities, Multiculturalism, Diaspora Missiology (Manila, Philippines: LifeChange Publications, 2013).

Alan Hirsch, The Forgotten Ways: Reactivating the Missional Church (Grand Rapids, Michigan: Brazos Press, 2006); Veli-Matti Kärkkäinen, Introduction to Ecclesiology: Ecumenical, Historical & Global Perspectives (Downers Grove, Illinois: InterVarsity Press, 2002); Jervis David Payne, Discovering Church Planting: An Introduction to the Whats, Whys, and Hows of Global Church Planting (Colorado Springs: Paternoster Publishing, 2009); Bob Roberts, The Multiplying Church: The New Math for Starting New Churches (Grand Rapids, Michigan: Zondervan, 2008); Craig Ott and Gene Wilson, Global Church Planting: Biblical Principles and Best Practices for Multiplication (Grand Rapids, Michigan: Baker Academic, 2011); Jervis David Payne, Strangers Next Door: Immigration, Migration and Mission (Downers Grove, Illinois: IVP Books, 2012); Bob Roberts Jr. “Transformation: How Glocal Churches Transform Lives and the World.” (2006), p. 193; Sadiri Joy Tira, ed. Human Tidal Wave: Global Migration, Megacities, Multiculturalism, Diaspora Missiology (Manila, Philippines: LifeChange Publications, 2013).)| false
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Paul Bramer and Mark D. Chapman, “Action Research as an Organizing Paradigm for Doctor of Ministry Research.” Association of Doctor of Ministry Educators Annual Meeting (2011), See also Davydd James Greenwood and Morten Levin, Introduction to Action Research: Social Research for Social Change (Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications, 1998). p. xxv. For a history of participatory action research see Stephen Kemmis and Robin McTaggart, Norman K. Denzin, and Yvonna S. Lincoln, “Participatory Action Research: Communicative Action and the Public Sphere,” in The Sage Handbook of Qualitative Research (Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications, Inc, 2005).<!--GreaterThan-->

Paul Bramer and Mark D. Chapman, “Action Research as an Organizing Paradigm for Doctor of Ministry Research.” Association of Doctor of Ministry Educators Annual Meeting (2011), See also Davydd James Greenwood and Morten Levin, Introduction to Action Research: Social Research for Social Change (Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications, 1998). p. xxv. For a history of participatory action research see Stephen Kemmis and Robin McTaggart, Norman K. Denzin, and Yvonna S. Lincoln, “Participatory Action Research: Communicative Action and the Public Sphere,” in The Sage Handbook of Qualitative Research (Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications, Inc, 2005).<!--GreaterThan-->)| false
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Elizabeth Conde-Frazier, “Participatory Action Research: Practical Theology for Social Justice.” Religious Education 101, no. 3 (2006), pp. 321–29; Cameron Harder, Discovering the Other: Asset-Based Approaches for Building Community Together (Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2013); Edward Prebble, “Invigorating the Church for Mission: Action Research With Local Parishes,” (Phd diss., University of Waikato, 2012).

Elizabeth Conde-Frazier, “Participatory Action Research: Practical Theology for Social Justice.” Religious Education 101, no. 3 (2006), pp. 321–29; Cameron Harder, Discovering the Other: Asset-Based Approaches for Building Community Together (Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2013); Edward Prebble, “Invigorating the Church for Mission: Action Research With Local Parishes,” (Phd diss., University of Waikato, 2012).)| false
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Hilary Bradbury Huang, “What is Good Action Research?” Action Research 8, no. 1 (2010), pp. 93–109.

Hilary Bradbury Huang, “What is Good Action Research?” Action Research 8, no. 1 (2010), pp. 93–109.)| false
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Joanna Ochocka and Rich Janzen, “Breathing Life Into Theory: Illustrations of Community-­Based Research: Hallmarks, Functions and Phases.” Gateways: International Journal of Community Research and Engagement 7 (2014), pp. 18–33; Joanna Ochocka, Elin Moorlag and Rich Janzen, “A Framework for Entry: PAR Values and Engagement Strategies in Community Research.” Gateways: International Journal of Community Research and Engagement 3 (2010), pp. x–xx.

Joanna Ochocka and Rich Janzen, “Breathing Life Into Theory: Illustrations of Community-­Based Research: Hallmarks, Functions and Phases.” Gateways: International Journal of Community Research and Engagement 7 (2014), pp. 18–33; Joanna Ochocka, Elin Moorlag and Rich Janzen, “A Framework for Entry: PAR Values and Engagement Strategies in Community Research.” Gateways: International Journal of Community Research and Engagement 3 (2010), pp. x–xx.)| false
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Rebecca S. Hagey, “Guest Editorial: The Use and Abuse of Participatory Action Research.” Chronic Diseases in Canada 18, no. 1 (1997), pp. 1–4.

Rebecca S. Hagey, “Guest Editorial: The Use and Abuse of Participatory Action Research.” Chronic Diseases in Canada 18, no. 1 (1997), pp. 1–4.)| false
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Mary J. Melrose, “Maximizing the Rigor of Action Research: Why Would You Want to? How Could You?” Field Methods 13, no. 2 (2001), pp. 160–80.

Mary J. Melrose, “Maximizing the Rigor of Action Research: Why Would You Want to? How Could You?” Field Methods 13, no. 2 (2001), pp. 160–80.)| false
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Bjorn Gustavsen, “From Experiments to Network Building: Trends in the Use of Research for Reconstructing Working Life.” Human Relations 51, no. 3 (1998), pp. 431–48.

Bjorn Gustavsen, “From Experiments to Network Building: Trends in the Use of Research for Reconstructing Working Life.” Human Relations 51, no. 3 (1998), pp. 431–48.)| false
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Stringer, Action Research, 4th Edition. pp. 14, 31.

Stringer, Action Research, 4th Edition. pp. 14, 31.)| false
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