Thomas Francis Glasson, “What is Apocalyptic?,” New Testament Studies 27 (1979) 98-105, esp. 98-99, 105.

Thomas Francis Glasson, “What is Apocalyptic?,” New Testament Studies 27 (1979) 98-105, esp. 98-99, 105.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Michael Wolter, “Apokalyptik als Redeform im Neuen Testament,” New Testament Studies 51 (2005) 171-191, 178. He compares the perceived literary genres of apocalyptic and gospels, concluding that both only became genres in the course of the canonisation process.

Michael Wolter, “Apokalyptik als Redeform im Neuen Testament,” New Testament Studies 51 (2005) 171-191, 178. He compares the perceived literary genres of apocalyptic and gospels, concluding that both only became genres in the course of the canonisation process.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Wolter, “Apokalyptik als Redeform im Neuen Testament,” 173.

Wolter, “Apokalyptik als Redeform im Neuen Testament,” 173.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Wolter, “Apokalyptik als Redeform im Neuen Testament,” 180-182.

Wolter, “Apokalyptik als Redeform im Neuen Testament,” 180-182.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Wolter, “Apokalyptik als Redeform im Neuen Testament,” 182-190.

Wolter, “Apokalyptik als Redeform im Neuen Testament,” 182-190.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

S.J. Stein (ed.), The Encyclopedia of Apocalypticism Volume 3: Apocalypticism in the Modern Period and the Contemporary Age (New York: Continuum, 2003).

S.J. Stein (ed.), The Encyclopedia of Apocalypticism Volume 3: Apocalypticism in the Modern Period and the Contemporary Age (New York: Continuum, 2003).)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Cf. Johanna Rahner, Einführung in die christliche Eschatologie (Freiburg: Herder, 2010), 90-92.

Cf. Johanna Rahner, Einführung in die christliche Eschatologie (Freiburg: Herder, 2010), 90-92.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

See Damian Thompson, The End of Time. Faith and Fear in the Shadow of the Millennium (London: Sinclair-Stevenson, 1996), 177-190.

See Damian Thompson, The End of Time. Faith and Fear in the Shadow of the Millennium (London: Sinclair-Stevenson, 1996), 177-190.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Joachim Valentin, Eschatologie (Paderborn: Schöningh, 2013), 191-205. In many cases, political developments were interpreted as eschatological signs up to the point that some writers proclaimed a concrete date for the second coming of Christ.

Joachim Valentin, Eschatologie (Paderborn: Schöningh, 2013), 191-205. In many cases, political developments were interpreted as eschatological signs up to the point that some writers proclaimed a concrete date for the second coming of Christ.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

See Eva Horn, “Die romantische Verdunkelung. Weltuntergänge und die Geburt des letzten Menschen um 1800,” in Abendländische Apokalyptik. Kompendium zur Genealogie der Endzeit (eds. V. Wieser, C. Zolles, C. Feik, M. Zolles, and L. Schlöndorff; Berlin: Akademie Verlag, 2013), 101-124.

See Eva Horn, “Die romantische Verdunkelung. Weltuntergänge und die Geburt des letzten Menschen um 1800,” in Abendländische Apokalyptik. Kompendium zur Genealogie der Endzeit (eds. V. Wieser, C. Zolles, C. Feik, M. Zolles, and L. Schlöndorff; Berlin: Akademie Verlag, 2013), 101-124.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Zimdars-Swartz, “Modern Western Europe,” 284.

Zimdars-Swartz, “Modern Western Europe,” 284.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

See Ted Daniels, A Doomsday Reader. Prophets, Predictors, and Hucksters of Salvation (New York: New York University Press, 1999), 56-78; David Redles, “Nazi End Times. The Third Reich as Millenial Reich,” in End of Days. Essays on the Apocalypse from Antiquity to Modernity (eds. K. Kinane and M.A. Ryan; London: McFarland, 2009), 173-196.

See Ted Daniels, A Doomsday Reader. Prophets, Predictors, and Hucksters of Salvation (New York: New York University Press, 1999), 56-78; David Redles, “Nazi End Times. The Third Reich as Millenial Reich,” in End of Days. Essays on the Apocalypse from Antiquity to Modernity (eds. K. Kinane and M.A. Ryan; London: McFarland, 2009), 173-196.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

This paragraph follows J. Eugene Clay, “Apocalypticism in Eastern Europe,” in The Encyclopedia of Apocalypticism Volume 3: Apocalypticism in the Modern Period and the Contemporary Age (ed. S.J. Stein; New York: Continuum, 2003), 293-321.

This paragraph follows J. Eugene Clay, “Apocalypticism in Eastern Europe,” in The Encyclopedia of Apocalypticism Volume 3: Apocalypticism in the Modern Period and the Contemporary Age (ed. S.J. Stein; New York: Continuum, 2003), 293-321.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Clay, “Eastern Europe,” 297.

Clay, “Eastern Europe,” 297.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Clay, “Eastern Europe,” 309.

Clay, “Eastern Europe,” 309.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Clay, “Eastern Europe,” 309.

Clay, “Eastern Europe,” 309.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Clay, “Eastern Europe,” 312.

Clay, “Eastern Europe,” 312.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

The whole paragraph follows Alain Milhou, “Apocalypticism in Central and South American Colonialism,” in The Encyclopedia of Apocalypticism Volume 3: Apocalypticism in the Modern Period and the Contemporary Age (ed. S.J. Stein; New York: Continuum, 2003), 3-35.

The whole paragraph follows Alain Milhou, “Apocalypticism in Central and South American Colonialism,” in The Encyclopedia of Apocalypticism Volume 3: Apocalypticism in the Modern Period and the Contemporary Age (ed. S.J. Stein; New York: Continuum, 2003), 3-35.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Reiner Smolinski, “Apocalypticism in Colonial North America,” in The Encyclopedia of Apocalypticism Volume 3: Apocalypticism in the Modern Period and the Contemporary Age (ed. S.J. Stein; New York: Continuum, 2003), 36-71, 47.

Reiner Smolinski, “Apocalypticism in Colonial North America,” in The Encyclopedia of Apocalypticism Volume 3: Apocalypticism in the Modern Period and the Contemporary Age (ed. S.J. Stein; New York: Continuum, 2003), 36-71, 47.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Smolinski, “North America,” 55.

Smolinski, “North America,” 55.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

See James West Davidson, The Logic of Millennial Thought. Eighteenth-Century New England (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1977).

See James West Davidson, The Logic of Millennial Thought. Eighteenth-Century New England (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1977).)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Smolinski, “North America,” 67.

Smolinski, “North America,” 67.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Herman Melville, White-Jacket or The World in a Man-of-War (Evanston: Northwestern University Press, 1970), 151. The equalization of the usa with Israel is explained by Shalom Goldman, “‘God’s New Israel’: American Identification with Israel Ancient and Modern,” in The Bible in the Public Square. Its Enduring Influence in American Life (eds. M.A. Chancey, C. Meyers, and E.M. Meyers; Atlanta: sbl Press, 2014), 81-92.

Herman Melville, White-Jacket or The World in a Man-of-War (Evanston: Northwestern University Press, 1970), 151. The equalization of the usa with Israel is explained by Shalom Goldman, “‘God’s New Israel’: American Identification with Israel Ancient and Modern,” in The Bible in the Public Square. Its Enduring Influence in American Life (eds. M.A. Chancey, C. Meyers, and E.M. Meyers; Atlanta: sbl Press, 2014), 81-92.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

James H. Moorhead, “Apocalypticism in Mainstream Protestantism, 1800 to the Present,” in The Encyclopedia of Apocalypticism Volume 3: Apocalypticism in the Modern Period and the Contemporary Age (ed. S.J. Stein; New York: Continuum, 2003), 72-107, 88.

James H. Moorhead, “Apocalypticism in Mainstream Protestantism, 1800 to the Present,” in The Encyclopedia of Apocalypticism Volume 3: Apocalypticism in the Modern Period and the Contemporary Age (ed. S.J. Stein; New York: Continuum, 2003), 72-107, 88.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Paul Boyer, “The Growth of Fundamentalist Apocalyptic in the United States,” in The Encyclopedia of Apocalypticism Volume 3: Apocalypticism in the Modern Period and the Contemporary Age (ed. S.J. Stein; New York: Continuum, 2003), 140-178, 164.

Paul Boyer, “The Growth of Fundamentalist Apocalyptic in the United States,” in The Encyclopedia of Apocalypticism Volume 3: Apocalypticism in the Modern Period and the Contemporary Age (ed. S.J. Stein; New York: Continuum, 2003), 140-178, 164.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Stephen D. O’Leary, Arguing the Apocalypse. A Theory of Millennial Rhetoric (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994), 209.

Stephen D. O’Leary, Arguing the Apocalypse. A Theory of Millennial Rhetoric (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994), 209.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Boyer, “Growth of Fundamentalist Apocalyptic,” 173.

Boyer, “Growth of Fundamentalist Apocalyptic,” 173.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

See Wolfgang Palaver, “Säkulare und religiöse Deutungen aktueller Katastrophen. Vom 11. September bis Fukushima,” in Gott in der Geschichte. Zum Ringen um das Verständnis von Heil und Unheil in der Geschichte des Christentums (eds. M. Delgado and V. Leppin; Fribourg and Stuttgart: Academic Press Fribourg and Kolhammer, 2013), 459-474.

See Wolfgang Palaver, “Säkulare und religiöse Deutungen aktueller Katastrophen. Vom 11. September bis Fukushima,” in Gott in der Geschichte. Zum Ringen um das Verständnis von Heil und Unheil in der Geschichte des Christentums (eds. M. Delgado and V. Leppin; Fribourg and Stuttgart: Academic Press Fribourg and Kolhammer, 2013), 459-474.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

See Reinhold Zwick, “Jüngste Tage. Variationen der Apokalypse im Film,” in Jüngste Tage. Die Gegenwart der Apokalyptik (eds. M.N. Ebertz and R. Zwick; Freiburg: Herder, 1999) 184-226.

See Reinhold Zwick, “Jüngste Tage. Variationen der Apokalypse im Film,” in Jüngste Tage. Die Gegenwart der Apokalyptik (eds. M.N. Ebertz and R. Zwick; Freiburg: Herder, 1999) 184-226.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

See Peter Podrez, Der Sinn im Untergang. Filmische Apokalypsen als Krisentexte im atomaren und ökologischen Diskurs (Stuttgart: Ibidem, 2011).

See Peter Podrez, Der Sinn im Untergang. Filmische Apokalypsen als Krisentexte im atomaren und ökologischen Diskurs (Stuttgart: Ibidem, 2011).)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Yvonne Sherwood, “‘Napalm Falling like Prostitutes’. Occidental Apocalypse as Managed Volatility,” in Abendländische Apokalyptik: Kompendium zur Genealogie der Endzeiten (eds. V. Wieser, C. Zolles, C. Feik, M. Zolles, and L. Schlöndorff; Berlin: Akademie Verlag, 2013), 39-74, 45.

Yvonne Sherwood, “‘Napalm Falling like Prostitutes’. Occidental Apocalypse as Managed Volatility,” in Abendländische Apokalyptik: Kompendium zur Genealogie der Endzeiten (eds. V. Wieser, C. Zolles, C. Feik, M. Zolles, and L. Schlöndorff; Berlin: Akademie Verlag, 2013), 39-74, 45.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Ingolf Ahlers, “Das Diskursfeld ‘Apokalyptik’ aus sozialwissenschaftlicher Sicht,” in Apokalyptik. Zeitgefühl mit Perspektive? (eds. G. Riedl, M. Negele, and C. Mazenik; Paderborn: Schöningh, 2011), 35-47, 37.

Ingolf Ahlers, “Das Diskursfeld ‘Apokalyptik’ aus sozialwissenschaftlicher Sicht,” in Apokalyptik. Zeitgefühl mit Perspektive? (eds. G. Riedl, M. Negele, and C. Mazenik; Paderborn: Schöningh, 2011), 35-47, 37.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

John J. Collins, The Apocalyptic Imagination: An Introduction to Jewish Apocalyptic Literature (Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans, 1998), 269. For interpreting Revelation as a letter, see Martin Karrer, Die Johannesoffenbarung als Brief: Studien zu ihrem literarischen, historischen und theologischen Ort (frlant 140; Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1986). It is noteworthy that the book mostly describes visions the figure of John experiences. These visions are always introduced by the statement “I saw” (εἶδον) (Rev 4:1; 5:1; 6:1; 7:1; 8:2; etc.).

John J. Collins, The Apocalyptic Imagination: An Introduction to Jewish Apocalyptic Literature (Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans, 1998), 269. For interpreting Revelation as a letter, see Martin Karrer, Die Johannesoffenbarung als Brief: Studien zu ihrem literarischen, historischen und theologischen Ort (frlant 140; Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1986). It is noteworthy that the book mostly describes visions the figure of John experiences. These visions are always introduced by the statement “I saw” (εἶδον) (Rev 4:1; 5:1; 6:1; 7:1; 8:2; etc.).)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Heinz Giesen, Die Offenbarung des Johannes (Regensburg: Friedrich Pustet, 1997), 34-36 and Klaus Wengst, Wie lange noch? Schreien nach Recht und Gerechtigkeit—eine Deutung der Apokalypse des Johannes (Stuttgart: Kohlhammer, 2010), 53-94. Especially the eating of food that was sacrificed to idols is criticized in Rev 2:20. For the whole of Revelation the crisis of empire, i.e. the overall might and seemingly unlimited power of the Roman Empire, can be seen as the major focus of the work, see Xavier Alegre Santamaria, “Die Offenbarung des Johannes—eine gläubige Relecture des Lebens in Zeiten der Krise,” Concilium 50 (2014) 261-268.

Heinz Giesen, Die Offenbarung des Johannes (Regensburg: Friedrich Pustet, 1997), 34-36 and Klaus Wengst, Wie lange noch? Schreien nach Recht und Gerechtigkeit—eine Deutung der Apokalypse des Johannes (Stuttgart: Kohlhammer, 2010), 53-94. Especially the eating of food that was sacrificed to idols is criticized in Rev 2:20. For the whole of Revelation the crisis of empire, i.e. the overall might and seemingly unlimited power of the Roman Empire, can be seen as the major focus of the work, see Xavier Alegre Santamaria, “Die Offenbarung des Johannes—eine gläubige Relecture des Lebens in Zeiten der Krise,” Concilium 50 (2014) 261-268.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Lichtenberger, Die Apokalypse, 193-194. A later dating is unlikely, mainly due to the canonisation process, see Wengst, Wie lange noch?, 64-70.

Lichtenberger, Die Apokalypse, 193-194. A later dating is unlikely, mainly due to the canonisation process, see Wengst, Wie lange noch?, 64-70.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Adela Yarbro Collins, Crisis & Catharsis: The Power of the Apocalypse (Philadelphia: The Westminster Press, 1984), 104-107.

Adela Yarbro Collins, Crisis & Catharsis: The Power of the Apocalypse (Philadelphia: The Westminster Press, 1984), 104-107.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Collins, The Apocalyptic Imagination, 273-278.

Collins, The Apocalyptic Imagination, 273-278.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Collins, The Apocalyptic Imagination, 270-273.

Collins, The Apocalyptic Imagination, 270-273.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Adela Yarbro Collins, Mark: A Commentary (Hermeneia; Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2007), 594.

Adela Yarbro Collins, Mark: A Commentary (Hermeneia; Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2007), 594.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

David S. du Toit, “Die Danielrezeption in Markus 13,” in Die Geschichte der Daniel-Auslegung in Judentum, Christentum und Islam: Studien zur Kommentierung des Danielbuches in Literatur und Kunst (eds. K. Bracht and D.S. du Toit; Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 2007), 55-76, 59.

David S. du Toit, “Die Danielrezeption in Markus 13,” in Die Geschichte der Daniel-Auslegung in Judentum, Christentum und Islam: Studien zur Kommentierung des Danielbuches in Literatur und Kunst (eds. K. Bracht and D.S. du Toit; Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 2007), 55-76, 59.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

du Toit, “Die Danielrezeption in Markus 13,” 55-76.

du Toit, “Die Danielrezeption in Markus 13,” 55-76.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Günther Bornkamm, “µυστήριον, µυέω,” ThWNT 4:829. Also see Wolter, “Apokalyptik als Redeform im Neuen Testament,” 184-185. It is even thought that Paul took an older prophetic utterance and explicitly added it here in the tractate as a small apocalyptic excursus, see Jörg Baumgarten, Paulus und die Apokalyptik: Die Auslegung apokalyptischer Überlieferungen in den echten Paulusbriefen (Neukirchen-Vluyn: Neukirchener Verlag, 1975), 106-107.

Günther Bornkamm, “µυστήριον, µυέω,” ThWNT 4:829. Also see Wolter, “Apokalyptik als Redeform im Neuen Testament,” 184-185. It is even thought that Paul took an older prophetic utterance and explicitly added it here in the tractate as a small apocalyptic excursus, see Jörg Baumgarten, Paulus und die Apokalyptik: Die Auslegung apokalyptischer Überlieferungen in den echten Paulusbriefen (Neukirchen-Vluyn: Neukirchener Verlag, 1975), 106-107.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation