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Response to Henry Heller’s ‘The Longue Durée of the French Bourgeoisie’

In: Historical Materialism
Author:
William Beik Emory University wbeik@comcast.net

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Beik criticises Heller’s mechanical view of the dynamic role of the bourgeoisie in the rise of capitalism in early-modern France. While they agree that the primary class-conflict was between the nobility and the peasantry, Beik stresses the slow emergence of genuine capitalist social relations and the cooptation of the bourgeoisie by a monarchical state which was still propping up the feudal regime, whereas Heller views mercantile activity and production increases as evidence of rising capitalism.

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