Strengthening Foreign Policy through Subnational Diplomacy
In: The Hague Journal of DiplomacySearch for other papers by Max Bouchet in
Current site
Google Scholar
Summary
National foreign policy actors traditionally neglect the opportunities and challenges that local actors active on the global stage create. Cities and regional authorities have become important international players, engaging in bilateral and multilateral relations outside national borders. They exemplify a style of global co-operation perceived as pragmatic and effective. Subnational diplomacy does not undercut national diplomacy; instead, it can extend it. National governments need their cities and local governments to achieve certain domestic and foreign policy goals related to national security, competitiveness and international development. National governments also need local actors to solve 21st-century challenges linked to promoting democracy and addressing climate change, violent extremism and global migration. National governments should adapt their diplomatic tools and cultivate partnerships with their local governments to leverage their international strength, support their global reach and, where useful, amplify it.
Purchase
Buy instant access (PDF download and unlimited online access):
Institutional Login
Log in with Open Athens, Shibboleth, or your institutional credentials
Personal login
Log in with your brill.com account
-
Brookings Institution. ‘Strengthening US Foreign Policy through Subnational Diplomacy’. 27 May 2021. https://www.brookings.edu/events/strengthening-us-foreign-policy-through-subnational-diplomacy.
-
Budapest Forum. ‘Responding to the Chinese Communist Party’s Strategy of Subnational Influence’. 16 September 2021. https://budapestforum.org/responding-to-the-chinese-communist-partys-strategies-of-subnational-influence/.
-
Burns, William J. ‘The United States Needs a New Foreign Policy’. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 14 July 2020. https://carnegieendowment.org/2020/07/14/united-states-needs-new-foreign-policy-pub-82295.
-
C40 Cities. ‘From LA to Bogotá to London, Global Mayors Unite to Deliver Critical City Momentum to World Leaders Tasked with Keeping 1.5 Degree Hopes Alive at Glasgow’s COP26’. 2 November 2021. https://www.c40.org/news/cop-26-cities-race-to-zero.
-
City of Yokohama. Building a Global Model of City Sustainable Development, Case of Yokohama. October 2013. https://www.city.yokohama.lg.jp/business/kokusaikoryu/yport/material/pf_jica.files/0003_20181016.pdf.
-
Commission Nationale de la Coopération Décentralisée (CNCD). ‘Atlas français de la coopération décentralisée et des autres actions extérieures, et Bourse partenariats de la coopération décentralisée’. 2021. https://pastel.diplomatie.gouv.fr/cncdext/dyn/public/atlas/accesMonde.html.
-
Felbab-Brown, Vanda. ‘Safe in the City: Urban Spaces Are the New Frontier for International Security: Brookings’. Brookings Institution Blog, 18 February 2016. https://www.brookings.edu/blog/order-from-chaos/2016/02/18/safe-in-the-city-urban-spaces-are-the-new-frontier-for-international-security.
-
Le Figaro. ‘Karabakh: la France doit rester neutre, répond Le Drian aux élus’. 13 October 2020. https://www.lefigaro.fr/flash-actu/karabakh-la-france-doit-rester-neutre-repond-le-drian-aux-elus-20201013.
-
French Ministry of European and Foreign Affairs. ‘Lancement de la carte interactive “L’égalité femmes-hommes dans la coopération décentralisée”’. 9 March 2020. https://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/fr/politique-etrangere-de-la-france/action-exterieure-des-collectivites-territoriales/actualites/2020/article/lancement-de-la-carte-interactive-l-egalite-femmes-hommes-dans-la-co-operation.
-
French Ministry of European and Foreign Affairs. Programme EXPE-CT. 2021a. https://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/fr/politique-etrangere-de-la-france/action-exterieure-des-collectivites-territoriales/valoriser-mon-expertise-territoriale-a-l-etranger/programme-expe-ct/.
-
French Ministry of European and Foreign Affairs. La co-opération décentralisée en bref. 2021b. https://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/IMG/pdf/co-operation_decentralisee_francaise_en_bref_-_maj_juillet_21_cle0a914e.pdf.
-
Gootman, Marek, Rachel Barker and Max Bouchet. ‘Metro-to-Metro Economic Partnerships: How to Network Global Assets to Fuel Regional Growth’. Brookings Institution, 31 July 2019. https://www.brookings.edu/research/metro-to-metro-economic-partnerships.
-
Jones, Bruce, Jeffrey Feltman and Will Moreland. ‘Competitive Multilateralism: Adapting Institutions to Meet the New Geopolitical Environment’. Brookings Institution, September 2019. https://www.brookings.edu/research/competitive-multilateralism.
-
Local2030 Islands Network. ‘United States Announces $9M in Funding for Local2030 Island Network and Islands Launch New Communities of Practice to Address Climate Change’. 10 November 2021. https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/united-states-announces-9m-in-funding-for-local2030-island-network-and-islands-launch-new-communities-of-practice-to-address-climate-change-301420950.html.
-
Locke, Rachel, Anthony F. Pipa and Max Bouchet. ‘Cities Using the SDGs to Reduce Urban Violence’. Brookings Institution, 18 December 2019. https://www.brookings.edu/blog/up-front/2019/12/18/cities-using-the-sdgs-to-reduce-urban-violence.
-
Mayors Migration Council. ‘The Global Cities Fund for Inclusive Pandemic Response Launches with $1M for Five Cities Delivering Solutions to Urgent Needs of Migrants and Displaced’. 7 January 2021. https://www.mayorsmigrationcouncil.org/news/gcf-press-release.
-
Muro, Mark, David G. Victor, Colleen Dougherty, Adie Tomer and Joseph W. Kane. ‘COP26 Shows Cities Can Lead on Climate, but Must Strengthen Their Data and Action Plans’. Brookings Institution Blog, 16 November 2021. https://www.brookings.edu/blog/the-avenue/2021/11/16/cop26-shows-cities-can-lead-on-climate-but-must-strengthen-their-data-and-action-plans.
-
Odierno, Raymond and Michael E. O’Hanlon. ‘Securing Global Cities: Best Practices, Innovation, and the Path Ahead’. Brookings Institution Blog, March 2017. https://www.brookings.edu/blog/up-front/2019/12/18/cities-using-the-sdgs-to-reduce-urban-violence.
-
Parilla, Joseph and Max Bouchet. ‘Which US Communities Are Most Affected by Chinese, EU, and NAFTA Retaliatory Tariffs?’ Brookings Institution, October 2018. https://www.brookings.edu/research/which-us-communities-are-most-affected-by-chinese-eu-and-nafta-retaliatory-tariffs.
-
Pejic, Daniel, Anna Kosovac and Michele Acuto. ‘New Foreign Relations Bill Puts “City Diplomacy” at Risk’. University of Melbourne, 10 September 2020. https://pursuit.unimelb.edu.au/articles/new-foreign-relations-bill-puts-city-diplomacy-at-risk.
-
Stürner, Janina. ‘A New Role for Cities in Global and Regional Migration Governance?’ Robert Bosch Stiftung, 2020. https://www.bosch-stiftung.de/en/publication/new-role-cities-global-and-regional-migration-governance.
-
US Department of State. ‘Memorandum of Understanding between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of the Federative Republic of Brazil to Support State and Local Co-operation’. 9 April 2012. https://2009-2017.state.gov/s/srgia/188292.htm.
-
US International Aid Agency. ‘Countering Violent Extremism through Development Assistance’. April 2020. https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/USAID-publication-Policy-for-Countering-Violent-Extremism-through-Development-Assistance-April2020.pdf.
-
US Mission to France. ‘Sister-Region Agreement between the State of Maryland and Hauts-de-France’. 7 December 2020. https://fr.usembassy.gov/sister-region-agreement-between-the-state-of-maryland-and-hauts-de-france.
-
Wetterich, Chris. ‘Local Companies to Trump, Congress: Get Trade Deals Done, Remove Tariffs’. Cincinnati Business Courier, 10 January 2020. https://www.bizjournals.com/cincinnati/news/2020/01/10/local-companies-to-trump-congress-get-trade-deals.html.
| All Time | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 1801 | 654 | 64 |
| Full Text Views | 322 | 99 | 9 |
| PDF Views & Downloads | 548 | 137 | 22 |
Strengthening Foreign Policy through Subnational Diplomacy
In: The Hague Journal of DiplomacySearch for other papers by Max Bouchet in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Summary
National foreign policy actors traditionally neglect the opportunities and challenges that local actors active on the global stage create. Cities and regional authorities have become important international players, engaging in bilateral and multilateral relations outside national borders. They exemplify a style of global co-operation perceived as pragmatic and effective. Subnational diplomacy does not undercut national diplomacy; instead, it can extend it. National governments need their cities and local governments to achieve certain domestic and foreign policy goals related to national security, competitiveness and international development. National governments also need local actors to solve 21st-century challenges linked to promoting democracy and addressing climate change, violent extremism and global migration. National governments should adapt their diplomatic tools and cultivate partnerships with their local governments to leverage their international strength, support their global reach and, where useful, amplify it.
| All Time | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 1801 | 654 | 64 |
| Full Text Views | 322 | 99 | 9 |
| PDF Views & Downloads | 548 | 137 | 22 |