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Aid Refugee Chinese Intellectuals, Inc. and the Political Uses of Humanitarian Relief, 1952-1962
援助中国知识人士协会与难民援助的政治作用, 1952-1962
In: Journal of Chinese Overseas
This paper examines the operations of Aid Refugee Chinese Intellectuals (arci). It argues that arci’s project failed in ways that illuminate the politicized, symbolic operations of refugee relief and the difficulties of manipulating mid-twentieth century migration flows, particularly of Asians. arci’s challenges included registering too many, poorly qualified refugees for assistance rather than a useful “leadership” class; the limited willingness of the Nationalist regime to accept even well-educated new residents into the struggling economy of its tightly controlled political base; dependence on the State Department for funding and the imposition of its priorities onto arci’s programs; and the preferences and capacities of arci registrants in forging their own paths. These problems illuminate the complicated, codependency of the “special relationship” between American “China hands” and the China Lobby and the Christian leader of the Nationalists, as well as the politicized and perhaps intractably irreconcilable messiness of managing refugee flows.
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Aid Refugee Chinese Intellectuals (arci) Records 1952-1970 Hoover Institution Archives
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Chao Ena “The Cold War and Refugee Assistance: A Case Study of Aid Refugee Chinese Intellectuals, 1952-59.” euramerica: A Journal of European and American Studies 1997 27 2 65 108
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Edwards Lee Missionary for Freedom: The Life and Times of Walter Judd 1990 New York Paragon House
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Fitch Collection Harvard-Yenching Library, Harvard University
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Fitch George My Eighty Years in China 1967 Taipei, Taiwan Mei Ya Publications, Inc
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Fitch Geraldine Formosa Beachhead 1953 Chicago H. Regnery Co
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Garside B.A. Within the Four Seas: The Memoirs of B.A. Garside 1985 New York Frederic C. Beil
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Jan Flora Belle Yano Fleur & Daly Saralyn Unbound Spirit: Letters of Flora Belle Jan 2009 Urbana, IL University of Illinois Press
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Lee Rose Hum The Chinese in the United States of America 1960 Hong Kong Hong Kong University Press
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Liebman Marvin Coming Out Conservative: An Autobiography 1992 San Francisco Chronicle Books
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McCabe Cynthia Jaffee Jackman Jarrell C. & Border Carla M. “ ‘Wanted by the Gestapo: Saved by America’ — Varian Fry and the Emergency Rescue Committee.” The Muses Flee Hitler: Cultural Transfer and Adaptation 1930-1945 1983 Washington DC Smithsonian Institution Press
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Mark Chi-Kwan Hong Kong and the Cold War: Anglo-American Relations 1949-1957 2004 Oxford, Clarendon, New York Oxford University Press 2004
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Mark Chi-Kwan “The ‘Problem of People’: British Colonials, Cold War Powers, and the Chinese Refugees in Hong Kong 1949-62.” Modern Asian Studies 2007 41 6 1145 1181
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New York Times
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Peterson Glen “To Be or Not to Be a Refugee: The International Politics of the Hong Kong Refugee Crisis, 1949-55.” Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History 2008 June 36 2 171 195
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Wilford Hugh The Mighty Wurlitzer: How the cia Played America 2008 Cambridge, MA Harvard University Press 2008
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3
Liebman 1992: 96; arci, Box 8, “Dinner 4/28/52,” “Program for Dinner of Aid Refugee Chinese Intellectuals Incorporated.”
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26
Liebman 1992: 97.
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29
See Mark (2004) and Petersen (2008).
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33
In 1956, at Han Lih-wu’s suggestion, the Nationalists conferred the Order of the Brilliant Star, with Cravat on Fitch. arci Box 26, “Letters to Formosa” January-July 1956.
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93
See Liebman 1992: 92. After working for arci in Hong Kong, Fletcher became active in Tibetan refugee affairs during the early 1960s, another area of interest to the cia.
| All Time | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 472 | 84 | 9 |
| Full Text Views | 271 | 10 | 1 |
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Aid Refugee Chinese Intellectuals, Inc. and the Political Uses of Humanitarian Relief, 1952-1962
援助中国知识人士协会与难民援助的政治作用, 1952-1962
In: Journal of Chinese Overseas
This paper examines the operations of Aid Refugee Chinese Intellectuals (arci). It argues that arci’s project failed in ways that illuminate the politicized, symbolic operations of refugee relief and the difficulties of manipulating mid-twentieth century migration flows, particularly of Asians. arci’s challenges included registering too many, poorly qualified refugees for assistance rather than a useful “leadership” class; the limited willingness of the Nationalist regime to accept even well-educated new residents into the struggling economy of its tightly controlled political base; dependence on the State Department for funding and the imposition of its priorities onto arci’s programs; and the preferences and capacities of arci registrants in forging their own paths. These problems illuminate the complicated, codependency of the “special relationship” between American “China hands” and the China Lobby and the Christian leader of the Nationalists, as well as the politicized and perhaps intractably irreconcilable messiness of managing refugee flows.
| All Time | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 472 | 84 | 9 |
| Full Text Views | 271 | 10 | 1 |
| PDF Views & Downloads | 75 | 29 | 4 |