Some Dutchmen Desperately Trying to Get to Lille. The Batavian Republic and the 1797 Anglo-French Peace Negotiations
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2
On asymmetric alliances, see Marco Cesa, Allies Yet Rivals (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2010), pp. 56–61.
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5
Elie van Bogaert, Volkenrecht (Antwerp: Kluwer, 1982), pp. 143–144; Denis Monière, L’indépendance (Montréal: Les Presses de l’Université de Montréal, 1992), p. 43; Hans Morgenthau, Politics Among Nations (New York: Alfred Knopf, 1948), p. 331; Adam Watson, The Evolution of International Society (London: Taylor & Francis, 1992), p. 313.
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8
Bernard Gilson, The Conceptual System of Sovereign Equality (Louvain: Peeters, 1984), p. 243; Kooijmans, Legal Equality 1964 (n. 3), p. 138; Martti Koskenniemi, From Apology to Utopia (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005), pp. 89–124; Randall Lesaffer, Europa: een zoektocht naar vrede? (Louvain: Universitaire Pers Leuven, 1999), p. 118; Georg Friedrich von Martens, Einleitung in das positive Europäische Völkerrecht (Göttingen: Johann Christian Dieterich, 1796), p. 140; Simpson, Great Powers 2004 (n. 4), pp. 27 and 33.
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16
Ian Clark, Hegemony in International Society (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011), pp. 18–28.
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26
Heinz Duchhardt, Gleichgewicht der Kräfte, Convenance, Europäisches Konzert (Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 1976), p. 4; Heinz Duchhardt, Handbuch der Geschichte der Internationalen Beziehungen Vol. 4 (Paderborn: Schöningh, 1997), p. 58; Lesaffer, Europa 1999 (n. 8), p. 330.
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43
See Raymond Kubben, Regeneration and Hegemony (Leiden-Boston: Brill Publishers, 2011), pp. 461–462.
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45
Marc Belissa, ‘Garran de Coulon, la conquête de la Belgique et l’élaboration d’un nouveau droit public’, Revue du Nord (1999), 549–560; Philip Bobbitt, The Shield of Achilles (New York: Anchor Books, 2003), p. 531; Hippolyte Suquet, Étude juridique des grands traités de paix de Westphalie à Campo-Formio (Paris, 1903), p. 105.
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46
Sharon Korman, The Right of Conquest (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996), pp. 8–9.
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48
See Stephen Neff, War and the Law of Nations (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005), pp. 95–102.
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53
François Laurent, Histoire du droit des gens et des relations internationales (Paris: Durand, 1869), pp. 68–69.
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54
Marc Belissa, Fraternité universelle et intérêt national (Paris: Kimé, 1995), pp. 79–84; Korman, Right of Conquest 1996 (n. 46), p. 37.
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66
19 September 1795, British declaration of war; Tobias Asser, Geschiedenis der beginselen van het Nederlandsche staatsregt omtrent het bestuur der buitenlandsche betrekkingen (Leiden PhD thesis, 1860), p. 47; C. Smit, Diplomatieke geschiedenis van Nederland (The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1950), p. 114.
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67
2 May 1796, Dagverhaal der handelingen van de Nationale Vergadering representeerende het Volk van Nederland, 31; http://192.87.107.12:8080/decreten.
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68
Tim Blanning, The Pursuit of Glory (London: Allen Lane, 2007), p. 612; Alice Carter, Neutrality or Commitment (London: Edward Arnold, 1975), p. 106; Joost van Hamel Nederland tusschen de mogendheden (Amsterdam: Van Holkema & Warendorf, 1918), pp. 270–271.
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72
Jonathan Israel, De Republiek 1477–1806 (Franeker: Van Wijnen, 2001), p. 1243; Louis Legrand (trans. H. Pyttersen), Geschiedenis der Bataafsche Republiek (Arnhem: Gouda Quint, 1895), pp. 112–113.
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78
30 September 1796, Decree of the Directoire; Archives Nationales af iii*, Directoire exécutif ans iv–viii, Registres, no. 20.
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79
26 October 1796, Delacroix to Meyer; Archives du Ministère des Affaires Etrangères (aae), Correspondance politique (cp), Hollande, no. 593.
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80
18 October 1796, Commissie van Buitenlandsche Zaaken to Lestevenon and Pasteur; na, 2.01.08 Archieven van het Departement van Buitenlandse Zaken 1796–1810, no. 102.
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81
2 November 1796, Noël to the Commissie van Buitenlandsche Zaaken; na, 2.01.08, no. 102.
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82
4 November 1796, Commissie van Buitenlandsche Zaaken to Noël; na, 2.01.08, no. 102.
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83
Marc Belissa, Repenser l’ordre européen (Paris: Kimé, 2006), pp. 348–355; Jean-Pierre Bois, ‘La rupture de l’équilibre européen par la Révolution française’, in Thierry Lentz (ed.), Napoléon et l’Europe (Paris: Fayard, 2005), pp. 55–74, 65; Droz, Histoire diplomatique 2005 (n. 69), p. 206; Schroeder, Transformation 1994 (n. 77), pp. 210–211.
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84
Charles Ballot, Les négociations de Lille 1797 (Paris: Cornély, 1910), p. 38; Guyot, Le Directoire et la paix 1911 (n. 69), pp. 290–293; Schroeder, Transformation 1994 (n. 77), p. 164.
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86
26 October 1796, Directoire to Malmesbury, an af iii* 176; 12 November 1796, Malmesbury to Delacroix, aae cp Angleterre 590; 17 December 1796, Memoire confidentiel sur la paix avec l’Espagne et la Hollande, aae cp Angleterre 590 and na 2.01.01.01, Archieven van de wetgevende colleges 1796–1810, no. 189; see also Guyot, Le Directoire et la paix 1911 (n. 69), pp. 277 and 296; Kubben, Regeneration and Hegemony 2011 (n. 43), pp. 567–577.
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87
17 December 1796, Memoire confidentiel sur la paix avec l’Espagne et la Hollande, aae cp Angleterre 590 and na 2.01.01.01 no. 189.
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88
19 December 1796, Delacroix to Malmesbury; aae cp Angleterre 590; see also Guyot, Le Directoire et la paix 1911 (n. 69), pp. 298–301.
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89
23 December 1796, Commissie van Buitenlandsche Zaaken to Lestevenon, Pasteur, and Meyer, na 2.01.08 no. 102; 3 January 1797, Noël to Nationale Vergadering, na 2.01.01.01 no. 189 and aae cp Hollande 595 and na 2.01.01.01 no. 189; 6 January 1797, Commissie van Buitenlandsche Zaaken to Noël, na 2.01.08 no. 396.
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93
25 June 1797, Notes remises sur les stipulations à faire en faveur des alliés de la République, aae cp Angleterre 591.
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94
8 July 1797, Draft Treaty Presented by Malmesbury, aae cp Angleterre 591.
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95
26 June 1797, Instructions pour la paix conclure entre la République française et Sa Majesté Britannique aux citoyens Le Tourneur, Le Pelley de Pléville et Maret, aae cp Angleterre 590.
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96
16 June 1797, Minutes Commissie van Buitenlandsche Zaaken, na 2.01.08 no. 26; 28 June 1797, Secret minutes Commissie van Buitenlandsche Zaaken, na 2.01.08 no. 55B; 25 July 1797, Secret minutes Commissie van Buitenlandsche Zaaken, na 2.01.08 no. 55B; 28 July 1797, Decree by the Nationale Vergadering, na 2.01.08 no. 360; 3 August 1797, Secret minutes and decree Commissie van Buitenlandsche Zaaken, na 2.01.08 no. 360 and no. 55B.
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97
E.g. 27 July 1797, Meyer to Van Leyden, na 1.02.14 no. 598.
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98
10 June 1797, Delacroix to Noël, aae cp Angleterre 590; 13 June 1797, Preliminary instructions to the French delegation, aae cp Angleterre 591; 18 June 1797, Noël to the Commissie van Buitenlandsche Zaaken, na 2.01.08 no. 231; 21 June 1797, Meyer to Van Leyden, na 1.02.14 no. 598; 9 July 1797, Delacroix to Meyer, na 1.02.14 nos. 601 and 610.
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99
26 June 1797, Meyer to Delacroix, na 2.01.08 no. 601; 5 July 1797, Secret minutes Commissie van Buitenlandsche Zaaken, na 2.01.08 no. 55B; 5 July 1797, French internal memorandum on Batavian request for admittance, aae cp Hollande 596; 13 July 1797, Secret minutes Commissie van Buitenlandsche Zaaken, na 2.01.08 no. 55B; 17 July 1797, Meyer to Delacroix, na 1.02.14 no. 599; 29 July 1797, Meyer to Talleyrand, na 1.02.14, Legatiearchief Frankrijk, no. 599; 3 August 1797, Secret minutes Commissie van Buitenlandsche Zaaken, na 2.01.08 no. 360 and no. 55B; 9 August 1797, De Vos van Steenwijk to Commissie van Buitenlandsche Zaaken, na 2.01.08 no. 360; 14 August 1797, Draft letter to Talleyrand sent to Paris on behalf of the Commissie van Buitenlandsche Zaaken by Van Leyden, na 2.01.08 no. 360.
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100
29 July 1797, Meyer to Talleyrand, na 1.02.14 no. 599.
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101
24 July 1797, Secret minutes Commissie van Buitenlandsche Zaaken, na 2.01.08 no. 55B.
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103
9 August 1797, De Vos van Steenwijk to Commissie van Buitenlandsche Zaaken, na 2.01.08 no. 360.
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104
29 July 1797, Meyer to Talleyrand, na 1.02.14 no. 599.
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105
Marc Belissa, ‘La diplomatie et les traités dans la pensée des Lumières: “négociation universelle” ou “école du mensonge”?’, Revue d’histoire diplomatique (1999), pp. 291–318, 314–315; Marc Belissa, ‘Peace treaties, bonne foi and European civility in the Enlightenment’, in Lesaffer, Peace Treaties 2004 (n. 28), pp. 241–253, 244.
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106
13 July 1797, Directoire to French delegation, na 2.01.08 no. 360 and aae cp Angleterre 591; 15 July 1797, French delegation to Malmesbury, aae cp Angleterre 591.
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108
5 July 1797, Relations Extérieures 1e division politique, Note, aae cp Hollande 596; 23 August 1797, Ministres plenipotentiaries de la République française charges de traiter de la paix avec l’Angleterre to Talleyrand, aae cp Angleterre 591 and aae cp Angleterre Supplément 30.
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111
9 August 1797, De Vos van Steenwijk to Commissie van Buitenlandsche Zaaken, na 2.01.08 no. 360.
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112
10 August 1797, Talleyrand to the Batavian representatives in Paris, na 2.01.08 no. 360.
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113
20 September 1797, Batavian commissioners to Commissie van Buitenlandsche Zaaken, na 2.01.08 no. 360.
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Some Dutchmen Desperately Trying to Get to Lille. The Batavian Republic and the 1797 Anglo-French Peace Negotiations
In: Journal of the History of International Law / Revue d'histoire du droit internationalSearch for other papers by Raymond Kubben in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
| All Time | Past 365 days | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 211 | 27 | 1 |
| Full Text Views | 167 | 1 | 0 |
| PDF Views & Downloads | 33 | 4 | 0 |