Pijal Media Lengua (pml) is a mixed language described as having Quichua morphosyntactic and phonological systems where nearly every content word (89%), including pronouns and determiners, is replaced by its Spanish-derived counterpart through the process of relexification. pml speakers however, often regard their language as intonationally distinct from both Quichua and Spanish. This paper offers a basic description of the pitch accent and boundary tone configurations found in pml using the autosegmental framework () in a ToBI transcription system (Silverman, 1984). This paper also explorers the current literature on mixed language phonetics and attempts to promote acoustic analyses of intonation as a useful investigative tool for analyzing the origins of prosodic material. The results suggest that pml predominantly makes use of Quichua-like intonation patterns along with innovative and/or preserved structures.
Purchase
Buy instant access (PDF download and unlimited online access):
Institutional Login
Log in with Open Athens, Shibboleth, or your institutional credentials
Personal login
Log in with your brill.com account
Arvaniti Amalia, and Baltazani Mary. 2005. Greek ToBI: A system for the annotation of Greek
speech corpora. Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (lrec 2000). Vol. 2: 555–562.
Backus Ad, . 2003. Can a mixed language be conventionalised alternational code-switching? In Matras Yaron, and Bakker Peter (eds.), The Mixed Language Debate: Theoretical and Empirical Advances, 237–/270. Mouton de Gruyter Berlin.
Baltazani Mary. 2002. Quantifier Scope and the Role of Intonation in Greek. PhD dissertation. University of California.
Beckman Mary, , Manuel Díaz Campos, , McGory Julia T., , and Morgan Terrell A.. 2002. Intonation across Spanish, in the Tones and Break Indices framework. Probus 14: 9–36.
Beckman Mary E., and Hirschberg Julia. 1997. Guidelines for ToBI Labelling. The Ohio State University Research Foundation. Downloadable at: http://www.ling.ohio-state.edu//~tobi/ame_tobi/labelling_guide_v3.pdf (accessed April 19, 2013).
Boersma Paul, , and Weenink David. 2011. Praat: Doing Phonetics by Computer (Version 5.2.9) [computer program]. Amsterdam: Institute of Phonetic Sciences, University of Amsterdam.
Bullock Barbara, . 2009. Phonetic reflexes of code-switching. In Bullock Barbara, and Toribio Almeida J. (eds.), The Cambridge Handbook of Linguistic Code-switching, 163–181. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Cole Peter. 1982. Imbabura Quechua. Amsterdam: North Holland Publishing Company.
Gijn, Rik.v. 2009. The phonology of mixed languages. Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages. 24(1): 93–119.
Estebas-Vilaplana Eva, and Prieto Pilar. 2009. La notación prosódica en español: Una revisión del Sp_ToBI. Estudios de Fonética Experimental, 18: 263–283.
Gibbon Dafydd, , Moore Roger, and Winski R.1997. Handbook of Standards and Resources for Spoken Language Systems. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Goldsmith John. 1979. The aim of autosegmental phonology. Linguistic Analysis, 2(1): 23–68.
Gómez-Rendón Jorge. 2008. Mestizaje Lingüístico en los Andes: Génesis y Estructura de una Lengua Mixta (1era. ed.). Quito, Ecuador: Abya-Yala.
Gómez-Rendón Jorge, . 2005. La Media Lengua de Imbabura. In Muysken Pieter, and Olbertz Hella (eds.), Encuentros Conflictos Bilingüismo Contacto de Lenguas en el Mundo Andino. Madrid: Iberoamericana.
Hall Allen T., 1999. The phonological word: A review. In Hall Allen, and Kleinhenz Ursula (eds.), Studies on the Phonological Word (Current Issues in Linguistic Theory), 39–58. Amsterdam / Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
Hayes Bruce. 1981. Extrametricality and English stress. Linguistic Inquiry, 13(2): 234–235.
Imai Terumi, . 2010. An emerging gender difference in Japanese vowel voicing. In Preston Dennis R., and Nancy Niedzielski A. (eds.), A Reader in Sociophonetics, 177–189. New York: De Gruyter Mouton.
Jones Caroline, , and Meakins Felicity. 2013. Variation in voice onset time in stops in Gurindji Kriol: Picture naming and conversational speech. Australian Journal of Linguistics, 33(2): 196–220. doi: 10.1080/07268602.2013.814525.
Jones Caroline, , Meakins Felicity, and Mauwiyath Shujau. 2012. Learning vowel categories from maternal speech in Gurindji Kriol. Language Learning, 64(2): 1052–1078. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9922.2012.00725.x
Jones Caroline, Meakins Felicity, and Buchan Heather. 2011. Comparing vowels in Gurindji Kriol and Katherine English: Citation speech data. Australian Journal of Linguistics, 31(3): 305–326.
Jun Sun-Ah. 1998. The accentual phrase in the Korean prosodic hierarchy. Phonology, 15: 189–226.
Ladd Robert D.1996. Intonational Phonology. Cambridge. Cambridge University Press.
Liberman Mark, and Pierrehumbert Janet, . 1984. Intonational invariance under changes in pitch range and length. In Aronoff Mark, and Oehrle Richard T., (eds.), Language Sound Structure, 157–233. Cambridge ma: mit Press.
McConvell Patrick, , and Meakins Felicity. 2005. Gurindji Kriol: A mixed language emerges from code-switching. Australian Journal of Linguistics, 25(1): 9–30.
Michelas Amandine, , D’Imperio Mariapaola. 2012. Specific contribution of tonal and duration cues to the syntactic parsing of French. Proceedings from the 6th Speech Prosody International Conference. Shangai, China.
Muysken Peter, . 2013. Two linguistic systems in contact: Grammar, phonology, and lexicon. In Bhatia Tej K., and William C., Ritchie W. (eds.) The handbook of bilingualism and Multiculturalism, 146–168. 2 nd edition. Blackwell Publishing.
Muysken Peter, . 1997. Media Lengua. In Thomason Sarah G. (ed.), Contact languages: A Wider Perspective, 365–426. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Muysken Peter, . 1981. Halfway between Quechua and Spanish: The case for relexification. In Highfield Arnold R. (ed.), Historicity and Variation in Creole Studies, 57–78. Ann Arbor: Karoma Publishers.
Muysken Peter. 1980. Sources for the study of Amerindian contact vernaculars in Ecuador. Amsterdam Creole Studies, 3: 66–82.
Myers-Scotton Carol. 1993. Common and uncommon ground: Social and structural factors in codeswitching. Language in Society, 22(4): 475–503.
Orr Carolyn, . 1962. Ecuador Quichua phonology. In Benjamin Elison (ed.), Studies in Ecuadorian Indian Languages, 66–77. Norman, OK, SIL.
O’Rourke Erin. 2008. Intonation in Quechua: Questions and analysis. International Congress of Phonetics Sciences’ (ICPhS) Satellite Workshop on ‘Intonational Phonology: Understudied or Fieldwork Languages’. Universität des Saarlandes, Saarbrücken (Germany): August 6–10, 2007.
Pierrehumbert Janet, and Hirschberg Julia, . 1990. The Meaning of intonational contours in the interpretation of discourse. In Cohen Philip, , Morgan Jerry, , and Pollack Martha (eds), Intentions in Communication, 271–311. Cambridge ma: mit Press.
Pierrehumbert Janet, and Beckman Mary. 1988. Japanese Tone Structure. Cambridge, ma: mit Press.
Pierrehumbert Janet. 1980. The Phonology and Phonetics of English Intonation. PhD dissertation, mit. [published in 1987 by iulc].
Prieto Pilar, . 2014. Intonational phonology of Catalan. In Sun-Ah Jun (ed.), Prosodic Typology 2. The Phonology of Intonation and Phrasing, 43–80. Oxford University Press: Oxford.
Rice Karen. 1993. A reexamination of the feature [Sonorant]: The status of ‘Sonorant and Obstruents’. Language 69: 308–44.
Rosen Nicole. 2007. Domains in Michif Phonology. PhD dissertation, University of Toronto, Toronto Working Papers in Linguistics.
Sadat-Tehrani Nima. 2007. The Intonational Grammar of Persian. PhD dissertation. University of Manitoba, Winnipeg Canada.
Selkirk Elisabeth. 1984. Phonology and Syntax. mit Press: Cambridge.
Shappeck Marco. 2011. Quichua-Spanish Language contact in Salcedo, Ecuador: Revisiting Media Lengua Syncretic Language Practices. PhD dissertation. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
Silverman Kim, , Beckman Mary, , Pitrelli John, , Ostendorf Mari, , Wightman Colin, , Price Patti, , Pierrehumbert Janet, and Hirschberg Julia. 1992. ToBI: A standard for labeling English prosody. Proceedings of the 1992 International Conference on Spoken Language Processing, Vol. 2: 867–870.
Slis Iman, , van Heugten Marieke, 1989. Voiced-voiceless distinction in Dutch fricatives. In Bennis Hans, and van Kemenade Ans (eds.), Linguistics in the Netherlands. Netherlands: Foris.
Stewart Jesse. 2013. Stories and Traditions from Pijal: Told in Media Lengua. North Charleston: CreateSpace.
Stewart Jesse. 2012. An acoustic vowel space analysis of Pijal Media Lengua and Imbabura
Quichua. In Paula Caxaj 2012 cla Conference Proceedings. Paper presented at Canadian
Linguistics Association (cla) 2012. Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo.
Stewart Jesse. 2011. A Brief Descriptive Grammar of Pijal Media Lengua and an Acoustic Vowel Space Analysis of Pijal Media Lengua and Imbabura Quichua. ma Thesis. University of Manitoba. Winnipeg, Canada.
Verhoeven Jo, , Hirson Allen, and Basavaraj Kavya. 2011. The devoicing of fricatives in Southern British English. Proceeding from the 17th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences. Hong Kong.
All Time | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 193 | 113 | 3 |
Full Text Views | 661 | 9 | 6 |
PDF Views & Downloads | 201 | 3 | 0 |
Pijal Media Lengua (pml) is a mixed language described as having Quichua morphosyntactic and phonological systems where nearly every content word (89%), including pronouns and determiners, is replaced by its Spanish-derived counterpart through the process of relexification. pml speakers however, often regard their language as intonationally distinct from both Quichua and Spanish. This paper offers a basic description of the pitch accent and boundary tone configurations found in pml using the autosegmental framework () in a ToBI transcription system (Silverman, 1984). This paper also explorers the current literature on mixed language phonetics and attempts to promote acoustic analyses of intonation as a useful investigative tool for analyzing the origins of prosodic material. The results suggest that pml predominantly makes use of Quichua-like intonation patterns along with innovative and/or preserved structures.
All Time | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 193 | 113 | 3 |
Full Text Views | 661 | 9 | 6 |
PDF Views & Downloads | 201 | 3 | 0 |