Consequences of Voluntary Settlement: Normative Beliefs Related to Independence in Hokkaido
In: Journal of Cognition and CultureSearch for other papers by Keiko Ishii in
Current site
Google Scholar
Voluntary settlement is linked to the ethos of independence. However, it is unclear whether initial cultural contexts in frontier areas influence this ethos. The present study focused on Hokkaido, a Japanese island with a history of voluntary settlement, and predicted that while the predominant mainland-Japanese ethos of interdependence is prevalent in Hokkaido, the idea of independence fostered by settlement emerges mainly in the normative beliefs of people living there. The study examined the degree of interdependence measured by attention to vocal affect. Participants listened to emotional utterances and judged the verbal meaning while ignoring the vocal affect. During the process, about half of the participants were presented with schematic faces that activate normative beliefs. Overall, Japanese were more sensitive to vocal affect than were North Americans. Nevertheless, consistent with the prediction, the interference effect in the face condition was less in both North Americans and Hokkaido-born Hokkaido Japanese than in mainland Japanese.
Purchase
Buy instant access (PDF download and unlimited online access):
Institutional Login
Log in with Open Athens, Shibboleth, or your institutional credentials
Personal login
Log in with your brill.com account
-
Bateson M., Nettle D. & Roberts G. Cues of being watched enhance cooperation in a real-world setting Biology Letters 2006 2 412 414
-
Hall E. T. Beyond culture 1976 New York, NY Doubleday
-
Haley K. J. & Fessler D. Nobody’s watching? Subtle cues affect generosity in an anonymous dictator game Evolution and Human Behavior 2005 26 245 256
-
Ishii K. Mere exposure to faces increases attention to vocal affect: A cross-cultural investigation Cognitive Studies: Bulletin of the Japanese Cognitive Science Society 2011 18 453 461
-
Ishii K., Reyes J. A. & Kitayama S. Spontaneous attention to word content versus emotional tone: Differences among three cultures Psychological Science 2003 14 39 46
-
Ishii K., Kobayashi Y. & Kitayama S. Interdependence modulates the brain response to word-voice incongruity Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience 2010 5 307 317
-
Kitayama S. & Bowman N. A. Schaller M., Heine S. J., Norenzayan A., Yamagishi T. & Kameda T. Cultural consequences of voluntary settlement in the frontier: Evidence and implications Evolution, Culture, and the Human Mind 2010 New York, NY Psychology Press 205 227
-
Kitayama S. & Ishii K. Word and voice: Spontaneous attention to emotional utterances in two languages Cognition and Emotion 2002 16 29 60
-
Kitayama S., Ishii K., Imada T., Takemura K. & Ramaswamy J. Voluntary settlement and the spirit of independence: Evidence from Japan’s “northern frontier” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 2006 91 369 384
-
Kitayama S., Park H., Sevincer A. T., Karasawa M. & Uskul A. K. A cultural task analysis of implicit independence: Comparing North America, Western Europe, and East Asia Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 2009 97 236 255
-
Markus H. R. & Kitayama S. Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation Psychological Review 1991 98 224 253
-
Rigdon M. L., Ishii K., Watabe M. & Kitayama S. Minimal social cues in the dictator game Journal of Economic Psychology 2009 30 358 367
-
Schirmer A. & Kotz S. A. erp evidence for a gender-specific Stroop effect in emotional speech Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 2003 15 1135 1148
-
Schirmer A., Kotz S. A. & Friederici A. D. Sex differentiates the role of emotional prosody during word processing Cognitive Brain Research 2002 14 228 233
-
Stroop J. R. Studies of interference in serial verbal reaction Journal of Experimental Psychology 1935 18 643 662
-
Turner F. J. The frontier in American history 1920 New York, NY Henry Holt
-
Uchida Y., Kitayama S., Mesquita B., Reyes J. A. & Morling B. Is perceived emotional support beneficial? Well-being and health in independent and interdependent cultures Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 2008 34 741 754
| All Time | Past 365 days | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 467 | 102 | 18 |
| Full Text Views | 154 | 3 | 1 |
| PDF Views & Downloads | 37 | 5 | 1 |
Consequences of Voluntary Settlement: Normative Beliefs Related to Independence in Hokkaido
In: Journal of Cognition and CultureSearch for other papers by Keiko Ishii in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Voluntary settlement is linked to the ethos of independence. However, it is unclear whether initial cultural contexts in frontier areas influence this ethos. The present study focused on Hokkaido, a Japanese island with a history of voluntary settlement, and predicted that while the predominant mainland-Japanese ethos of interdependence is prevalent in Hokkaido, the idea of independence fostered by settlement emerges mainly in the normative beliefs of people living there. The study examined the degree of interdependence measured by attention to vocal affect. Participants listened to emotional utterances and judged the verbal meaning while ignoring the vocal affect. During the process, about half of the participants were presented with schematic faces that activate normative beliefs. Overall, Japanese were more sensitive to vocal affect than were North Americans. Nevertheless, consistent with the prediction, the interference effect in the face condition was less in both North Americans and Hokkaido-born Hokkaido Japanese than in mainland Japanese.
| All Time | Past 365 days | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 467 | 102 | 18 |
| Full Text Views | 154 | 3 | 1 |
| PDF Views & Downloads | 37 | 5 | 1 |