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Co-radicalisation of Islamist and Nativist Extremists in Europe

A Social-psychological and Sociological Perspective

In: Journal of Muslims in Europe
Authors:
Ayhan Kaya Department of International Relations, Istanbul Bilgi University Istanbul Turkey

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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4431-3220
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Jais Adam-Troian Department of International Relations, American University of Sharjah UAE

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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2285-4114
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Abstract

A vast amount of social science research has been dedicated to the study of Islamist extremism – in particular, to uncover its psychological and structural drivers. However, the recent revival of extreme-right extremism points to the need to investigate this re-emerging phenomenon. This article highlights some of the characteristics of the extremisation of Islamism in Europe in parallel with the rise of the extremisation of right-wing extremist groups. In doing so, we explore similarities between Islamist and right-wing extremist individuals and groups. The main premise of the article is that a threat-regulation approach fails to understand the role of contextual and structural factors in the political and religious extremisation of individuals. Instead, the article claims that a reciprocal-threat model can better explain extremist violence since it is based on the idea that nativist and Islamist extremist individuals/groups are mutually threatening each other.

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