1 Macc 16:11. Cf. Ilan, Lexicon of Jewish Names, 304-5.

1 Macc 16:11. Cf. Ilan, Lexicon of Jewish Names, 304-5.)| false
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Cf. Bévénot, Makkabäerbücher, 167. James C. VanderKam, From Joshua to Caiaphas: High Priests after Exile (Minneapolis: Fortress, 2004), 286-87 n. 126, stresses that 1 Maccabees does not refer to Ptolemy as being of priestly origin. However, it is equally plausible that 1 Maccabees omitted Ptolemy’s priestly identity to suppress any notion of a priestly opposition against Hasmonean rule. Vasile Babota, The Institution of the Hasmonean High Priesthood, JSJSup 165 (Leiden: Brill, 2014), 264, argues that the priesthood may have supported Ptolemy since Josephus explicitly states that Ptolemy was repelled by the multitude (δῆµος/πλῆθος), Josephus, B.J. 1.55; A.J. 13.229.

Cf. Bévénot, Makkabäerbücher, 167. James C. VanderKam, From Joshua to Caiaphas: High Priests after Exile (Minneapolis: Fortress, 2004), 286-87 n. 126, stresses that 1 Maccabees does not refer to Ptolemy as being of priestly origin. However, it is equally plausible that 1 Maccabees omitted Ptolemy’s priestly identity to suppress any notion of a priestly opposition against Hasmonean rule. Vasile Babota, The Institution of the Hasmonean High Priesthood, JSJSup 165 (Leiden: Brill, 2014), 264, argues that the priesthood may have supported Ptolemy since Josephus explicitly states that Ptolemy was repelled by the multitude (δῆµος/πλῆθος), Josephus, B.J. 1.55; A.J. 13.229.)| false
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Josephus, B.J. 1.54-56; A.J. 13.228-229.

Josephus, B.J. 1.54-56; A.J. 13.228-229.)| false
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Josephus, B.J. 1.54; A.J. 13.228.

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Josephus, B.J. 1.55-56; A.J. 13.230.

Josephus, B.J. 1.55-56; A.J. 13.230.)| false
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Josephus, B.J. 1.57-59; A.J. 13.230-233.

Josephus, B.J. 1.57-59; A.J. 13.230-233.)| false
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Josephus, B.J. 1.60; A.J. 13.234-235.

Josephus, B.J. 1.60; A.J. 13.234-235.)| false
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Most prominently Gustav Hölscher, Die Quellen des Josephus für die Zeit vom Exil bis zum jüdischen Kriege (Leipzig: Teubner, 1904), 11-14; Henry J. St. Thackeray, Josephus: The Man and the Historian (New York: Ktav, 1967), 40-41; Kenneth Atkinson, Queen Salome: Jerusalem’s Warrior Monarch of the First Century B.C.E. (Jefferson: McFarland, 2012), 70. Tal Ilan, Integrating Women into Second Temple History, tsaj 76 (Peabody: Hendrickson, 2001), 99-100 argues that Nicolaus may have invented the story.

Most prominently Gustav Hölscher, Die Quellen des Josephus für die Zeit vom Exil bis zum jüdischen Kriege (Leipzig: Teubner, 1904), 11-14; Henry J. St. Thackeray, Josephus: The Man and the Historian (New York: Ktav, 1967), 40-41; Kenneth Atkinson, Queen Salome: Jerusalem’s Warrior Monarch of the First Century B.C.E. (Jefferson: McFarland, 2012), 70. Tal Ilan, Integrating Women into Second Temple History, tsaj 76 (Peabody: Hendrickson, 2001), 99-100 argues that Nicolaus may have invented the story.)| false
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Josephus, B.J. 1.56; A.J. 13.230.

Josephus, B.J. 1.56; A.J. 13.230.)| false
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Sievers, Hasmoneans and Their Supporters, 130-31.

Sievers, Hasmoneans and Their Supporters, 130-31.)| false
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Josephus, B.J. 1.57-59; A.J. 13.230-234.

Josephus, B.J. 1.57-59; A.J. 13.230-234.)| false
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Josephus, B.J. 1.55, 57; A.J. 13.229, 231.

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Josephus, B.J. 1.36; A.J. 12.270; Sievers, Hasmoneans and Their Supporters, 31.

Josephus, B.J. 1.36; A.J. 12.270; Sievers, Hasmoneans and Their Supporters, 31.)| false
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Josephus, B.J. 1.60, A.J. 13.235. Cf. Hanan Eshel, The Dead Sea Scrolls and the Hasmonean State (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2008), 72-74.

Josephus, B.J. 1.60, A.J. 13.235. Cf. Hanan Eshel, The Dead Sea Scrolls and the Hasmonean State (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2008), 72-74.)| false
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1 Macc 16:22. Cf. Abel, Livres des Maccabées, xxxii, 282.

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Josephus, B.J. 1.54, 57, 60; A.J. 13.228, 230-231, 235.

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Josephus, A.J. 13.289-296 (for the quote see 13.292: ὅτι [. . .] ἀκούοµεν παρὰ τῶν πρεσβυτέρων αἰχµάλωτόν σου γεγονέναι τὴν µητέρα βασιλεύοντος Ἀντιόχου τοῦ Ἐπιφανοῦς.).

Josephus, A.J. 13.289-296 (for the quote see 13.292: ὅτι [. . .] ἀκούοµεν παρὰ τῶν πρεσβυτέρων αἰχµάλωτόν σου γεγονέναι τὴν µητέρα βασιλεύοντος Ἀντιόχου τοῦ Ἐπιφανοῦς.).)| false
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Josephus, B.J. 1.58 (ἡ δὲ µήτηρ οὐδὲν οὔτε πρὸς τὰς αἰκίας οὔτε πρὸς τὸν ἀπειλούµενον αὐτῇ θάνατον ἐνδιδοῦσα χεῖρας ὤρεγε καὶ κατηντιβόλει τὸν παῖδα µήτι πρὸς τὴν αὐτῆς ὕβριν ἐπικλασθέντα φείσασθαι τοῦ δυσσεβοῦς, ὡς αὐτῇ γε κρείττονα τὸν ἐκ Πτολεµαίου θάνατον ἀθανασίας εἶναι δόντος δίκας ἐφ᾽ οἷς εἰς τὸν οἶκον αὐτῶν παρηνόµησεν; translation Thackeray, lcl); cf. A.J. 13.232.

Josephus, B.J. 1.58 (ἡ δὲ µήτηρ οὐδὲν οὔτε πρὸς τὰς αἰκίας οὔτε πρὸς τὸν ἀπειλούµενον αὐτῇ θάνατον ἐνδιδοῦσα χεῖρας ὤρεγε καὶ κατηντιβόλει τὸν παῖδα µήτι πρὸς τὴν αὐτῆς ὕβριν ἐπικλασθέντα φείσασθαι τοῦ δυσσεβοῦς, ὡς αὐτῇ γε κρείττονα τὸν ἐκ Πτολεµαίου θάνατον ἀθανασίας εἶναι δόντος δίκας ἐφ᾽ οἷς εἰς τὸν οἶκον αὐτῶν παρηνόµησεν; translation Thackeray, lcl); cf. A.J. 13.232.)| false
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1 Macc 13:25-30; cf. Josephus, A.J. 13.211-212; Wilker, “Dynasty without Women?” 238-39.

1 Macc 13:25-30; cf. Josephus, A.J. 13.211-212; Wilker, “Dynasty without Women?” 238-39.)| false
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