Cf. for a collection P. A. Harland, Dynamics of Identity in the World of the Early Christians: Associations, Judeans, and Cultural Minorities (New York: T&T Clark, 2009), 39-40. The most complete overview of associations at Thessalonike led by ἀρχισυναγωγοί is provided by P. M. Nigdelis, “Voluntary Associations in Roman Thessalonikē: In Search of Identity and Support in a Cosmopolitan Society,” in From Roman to Early Christian Thessalonikē: Studies in Religion and Archaeology, ed. L. Nasrallah, Harvard Theological Studies 64 (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2010), 13-47; add the new text published by Nigdelis, “Τετραδισταί in a Funerary Inscription from Roman Thessaloniki,” grbs 56 (2016): 475-84. Associations with συναγωγεῖς: I. Délos 1641 (after 65 bce); ogis 573 (Elaiussa Sebaste, Augustean); seg 57,527 (Diocaesarea, imperial era).

Cf. for a collection P. A. Harland, Dynamics of Identity in the World of the Early Christians: Associations, Judeans, and Cultural Minorities (New York: T&T Clark, 2009), 39-40. The most complete overview of associations at Thessalonike led by ἀρχισυναγωγοί is provided by P. M. Nigdelis, “Voluntary Associations in Roman Thessalonikē: In Search of Identity and Support in a Cosmopolitan Society,” in From Roman to Early Christian Thessalonikē: Studies in Religion and Archaeology, ed. L. Nasrallah, Harvard Theological Studies 64 (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2010), 13-47; add the new text published by Nigdelis, “Τετραδισταί in a Funerary Inscription from Roman Thessaloniki,” grbs 56 (2016): 475-84. Associations with συναγωγεῖς: I. Délos 1641 (after 65 bce); ogis 573 (Elaiussa Sebaste, Augustean); seg 57,527 (Diocaesarea, imperial era).)| false
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Last, “The Other Synagogues,” 335.

Last, “The Other Synagogues,” 335.)| false
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Ibid., 342.

Ibid., 335.

Josephus, A.J. 14.235; for the date, cf. M. Pucci Ben Zeev, Jewish Rights in the Roman World: The Greek and Roman Documents Quoted by Josephus Flavius, tsaj 74 (Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 1998), 180.

Josephus, A.J. 14.235; for the date, cf. M. Pucci Ben Zeev, Jewish Rights in the Roman World: The Greek and Roman Documents Quoted by Josephus Flavius, tsaj 74 (Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 1998), 180.)| false
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Josephus, A.J. 14.213-216. I do not find plausible the recent re-dating of this letter to 64 bce, for which see B. Ritter, Judeans in the Greek Cities of the Roman Empire: Rights, Citizenships and Civil Discord, sjsj 170 (Leiden: Brill, 2015), 210-11. The reference to Caesar’s ban on associations at Rome is too obvious. In the phrase ὁµοίως δὲ κἀγὼ τοὺς ἄλλους θιάσους κωλύων, τούτοις µόνοις ἐπιτρέπω κατὰ τὰ πάτρια ἔθη καὶ νόµιµα συνάγεσθαί τε καὶ ἑστιᾶσθαι, the only possible point of reference for τούτοις is θίασοι, hence my translation which differs from the Loeb (“these people”) and others. All other θίασοι are contrasted with these particular θίασοι. To reach a different conclusion, a modification of the text would be needed, such as offered by the Latinus: Et ego quoque alios prohibens, istis solis praecipio secundum patrios mores et leges convenire.

Josephus, A.J. 14.213-216. I do not find plausible the recent re-dating of this letter to 64 bce, for which see B. Ritter, Judeans in the Greek Cities of the Roman Empire: Rights, Citizenships and Civil Discord, sjsj 170 (Leiden: Brill, 2015), 210-11. The reference to Caesar’s ban on associations at Rome is too obvious. In the phrase ὁµοίως δὲ κἀγὼ τοὺς ἄλλους θιάσους κωλύων, τούτοις µόνοις ἐπιτρέπω κατὰ τὰ πάτρια ἔθη καὶ νόµιµα συνάγεσθαί τε καὶ ἑστιᾶσθαι, the only possible point of reference for τούτοις is θίασοι, hence my translation which differs from the Loeb (“these people”) and others. All other θίασοι are contrasted with these particular θίασοι. To reach a different conclusion, a modification of the text would be needed, such as offered by the Latinus: Et ego quoque alios prohibens, istis solis praecipio secundum patrios mores et leges convenire.)| false
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Philo, Leg. 311.

Philo, Leg. 311.)| false
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Josephus, A.J. 14.228-229; 240.

Josephus, A.J. 14.228-229; 240.)| false
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Last, “The Other Synagogues,” 350.

Last, “The Other Synagogues,” 350.)| false
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Ibid., 351.

Last, “The Other Synagogues,” 347.

Last, “The Other Synagogues,” 347.)| false
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Last, “The Other Synagogues,” 346.

Last, “The Other Synagogues,” 346.)| false
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Last, “The Other Synagogues,” 355.

Last, “The Other Synagogues,” 355.)| false
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Last, “The Other Synagogues,” 356.

Last, “The Other Synagogues,” 356.)| false
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Last, “The Other Synagogues,” 359.

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On which see I. Arnaoutoglou, “Hierapolis and its Professional Associations: A Comparative Analysis,” in Urban Craftsmen and Traders in the Roman World, ed. A. Wilson and M. Flohr (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016), 278-98; B. Eckhardt, “Romanization and Isomorphic Change in Phrygia: The Case of Private Associations,” jrs 106 (2016): 147-71, esp. 152-58.

On which see I. Arnaoutoglou, “Hierapolis and its Professional Associations: A Comparative Analysis,” in Urban Craftsmen and Traders in the Roman World, ed. A. Wilson and M. Flohr (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016), 278-98; B. Eckhardt, “Romanization and Isomorphic Change in Phrygia: The Case of Private Associations,” jrs 106 (2016): 147-71, esp. 152-58.)| false
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Last, “The Other Synagogues,” 333.

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