Does Structural-Typological Similarity Affect Borrowability?

A Quantitative Study on Affix Borrowing

in Language Dynamics and Change
Author: Frank Seifart1
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1 Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Department of Linguistics, Leipzig, Germany, and University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Online Publication Date:
01 Jan 2015
Volume/Issue:
Volume 5: Issue 1
Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1163/22105832-00501004
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This study addresses the question whether the borrowability of linguistic forms, in particular affixes, is constrained by structural properties of the donor and recipient languages involved. According to some claims, structural similarity favors affix borrowing. On some accounts, structural compatibility of a certain kind is even a precondition for affix borrowing. This study tests these claims using data from a set of 78 languages that borrowed between one and 50 affixes, taken from the AfBo database (Seifart, 2013a). The extent of affix borrowing in this set of languages is compared with structural similarity scores for the donor and recipient languages involved, obtained from morphosyntactic features provided in the World Atlas of Language Structures (Dryer and Haspelmath, 2011). Results suggest that structural similarity between a (potential) donor and recipient language plays at best a minor role in determining the extent of affix borrowing. This supports the view that bilingual speakers are not—at least not strongly—constrained by structural factors of the languages they speak when creating mixed varieties of these languages, resulting in contact-induced language change.

Language Dynamics and Change

eISSN:
2210-5832
Print ISSN:
2210-5824
Publisher:
BRILL
Language Dynamics and Change

Sections

Figures

  • Figure 1

    Number of borrowed affix categories as a function of structural similarity for 78 language pairs; the grey line indicates the (absence of) linear correlation

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Figure 1

Number of borrowed affix categories as a function of structural similarity for 78 language pairs; the grey line indicates the (absence of) linear correlation

Information

Page Count:
92–113
Subjects:
Historical and Comparative Linguistics & Linguistic Typology, Language and Linguistics
Copyright:
Copyright 2014 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. 2014

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