The Radical Nation-State and Contemporary Extremism
In: Middle East Law and GovernanceSearch for other papers by Masaki Nagata in
Current site
Google Scholar
Abstract
In recent years Muslim extremist groups have sought to establish a contemporary Islamic caliphate. Such groups have not historically sought to establish such a territory; this form of sovereignty did not exist in the Prophet’s time, and is quite unlike the traditional Islamic model or that practiced by the Prophet in Medina. Moreover, this ideal state incorporates elements of the modern, sovereign nation-state. It is ironic that, although such groups criticize Western systems and laws, their concept of ‘the state’ derives from the very European ideology that they so violently oppose. This paper examines how notions of modern statehood have influenced the ideologies of state and law espoused by contemporary extremist groups.
Purchase
Buy instant access (PDF download and unlimited online access):
Institutional Login
Log in with Open Athens, Shibboleth, or your institutional credentials
Personal login
Log in with your brill.com account
-
Abel Armand . “Dar al-Islam.” In Encyclopaedia of Islam, Vol 2., edited by Lewis Bernard , Pellat Charles , and Schacht Joseph . Leiden: Brill, 1965.
-
Abiew F. K. The Evolution of the Doctrine and Practice of Humanitarian Intervention. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1999.
-
Adraoui Mohamed-Ali . “Borders and Sovereignty in Islamist and Jihadist Thought: Past and Present.” International Affairs 93, No. 4 (2017): 917–35.
-
Al-Adnani Abu Muhammad . “This is the Promise of Allah.” Al Hayat Media Center, June 19, 2014. https://scholarship.tricolib.brynmawr.edu/bitstream/handle/10066/14242/ADN20140629.pdf.
-
Alighieri Dante . The De Monarchia of Dante Alighieri. Edited with translation and notes by Aurelia Henry. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin and Company, 1904.
-
Allam Shawki . “The Ideological Battle: Egypt’s Dar al-Iftaa Combats Radicalization.” http://dar-alifta.org/BIMG/The%20Ideological%20Battle%20(2).pdf.
-
Allam Shawki . “Shattering the Myth of the Alleged Caliphate of the Self-proclaimed IS.” Dar Al-Ifta Al-Missriyyah. http://www.dar-alifta.org/Foreign/ViewArticle.aspx?ID=574&CategoryID=5].
-
Anderson Benedict . Imagined Communities: Reflection on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism. London: Verso, 2006.
-
Aristotle. Aristotle’s Politics. Translated by Jowett Benjamin , with introduction, analysis and index by H.W.C. Davis. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1920.
-
Asad Muhammad . The Principles of State and Government in Islam. Selangor, Malaysia: Islamic Book Trust, 1980.
-
Austin John . The Province of Jurisprudence Determined. London: John Murray, 1832.
-
Avalon Project at Yale Law School. “Treaty of Westphalia.” https://avalon.law.yale.edu/17th_century/westphal.asp.
-
Badar Mohamed and Nagata Masaki . “Modern Extremist Groups and the Division of the World: A Critique from an Islamic Perspective.” Arab Law Quarterly 31, No. 4 (2017): 305–35.
-
Badar Mohamed , Nagata Masaki , and Tueni Tiphanie . “The Radical Application of the Islamist Concept of Takfir.” Arab Law Quarterly 31, No. 2 (2017): 134–62.
-
Bodin Jean . The Six Bookes of a Commonweale: Written by I. Bodin a Famous Lawyear, and a man of Great Experience in Matters of State. Out of the French and Latine Copies, done into English by Richard Knolles. London: G. Bishop, 1606.
-
Al-Bukhari Muhammad ibn Ismail . The Translation of Meanings of Sahih Al-Bukhari, Vol 5. Translated by Muhsin Khan Muhammad . Riyadh: Darussalam, 1997.
-
Clark E. C. Practical Jurisprudence: A Comment on Austin. Cambridge: University Press, 1883.
-
Dahlan Malik R. The Hijaz: The First Islamic State. London: Hurst, 2018.
-
Garner Bryan A. eds. Black’s Law Dictionary, 8th Edition. St. Paul, MN: West Group, 2004.
-
Gibb Hamilton A.R. Studies on the Civilization of Islam. Edited by Shaw Stanford J. and Polk William R. . Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1982.
-
Giddens Anthony . The Nation-State and Violence. Cambridge: Polity Press, 1985.
-
Goitein Shelomo Dov . Studies in Islamic History and Institutions. Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1966.
-
Goldziher Ignaz . Introduction to Islamic Theology and Law . Translated by Andras and Ruth Hamori, with an introduction and additional notes by Bernard Lewis. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1981.
-
Goldziher Ignaz . Muslim Studies, Volume 2. Edited by Stern S. M. , translated by Barber C. R. and Stern S. M. . London: George Allen & Unwin, 1971.
-
Grotius Hugo . The Rights of War and Peace: Included the Law of Nature and of Nations. Translated from the Original Latin of Grotius with notes and illustrations from political and Legal writing by A.C. Campbell, A.M. with an Introduction by David J. Hill. New York and London: M. Walter Dunne, 1901.
-
Guibernau Montserrat . “Anthony D. Smith on Nations and National Identity: A Critical Assessment.” Nations and Nationalism 10, No. 1–2 (2004): 125–41.
-
Held David . “The Development of the Modern State.” In Formations of Modernity, edited by Hall Stuart and Gieben Bram , 71–126. Cambridge: Polity Press, 1992.
-
Hinsley Francis H. Sovereignty, 2nd Edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986.
-
Hobbes Thomas . Behemoth or the Long Parliament. Edited by Ferdinand Tonnies. London: Simpkin, Marshall, 1889.
-
Hobbes Thomas . De Cive or the Citizen, Edited with an Introduction by Sterling P. Lamprecht. New York: Appleton – Century-Crofts, 1949.
-
Hobbes Thomas . Hobbes’s Leviathan: Reprinted from the Edition of 1651. With an essay by W.G. Pogson Smith. Humphrey, Milford: Oxford Clarendon Press, 1909.
-
Innes Matthew . State and Society in the Early Middle Ages: The Middle Rhine Valley, 400–1000. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000.
-
“Islamic State (isis) Publishes Penal Code, Says It Will Be Vigilantly Enforced.” memri , December 17, 2014. https://www.memri.org/jttm/islamic-state-isis-publishes-penal-code-says-it-will-be-vigilantly-enforced.
-
Jackson Roy . Nietzsche and Islam. New York: Routledge, 2007.
-
Jansen Johannes J G. The Neglected Duty: The Creed of Sadat’s Assassins and Islamic Resurgence in the Middle East. New York: Macmillan, 1986.
-
Kathir Ibn . Tafsir Ibn Kathir, 2nd Edition. Abridged by a group of scholars under the supervision of Safi-ur-Rahman al-Mubarakpuri. Riyadh: Darussalam, 2003.
-
Khan Ali . “The Extinction of Nation-States.” American University International Law Review 7, No. 2 (1992): 197–234.
-
Khan Qamaruddin . The Political Thought of Ibn Taymiyah. Islamabad: Islamic Research Institute, 1973.
-
Kraynak Robert P. “Hobbes’s Behemoth and the Argument for Absolutism,” American Political Science Review 76, No. 4 (1982): 837–847.
-
Kelsen Hans . General Theory of Law and State. Translated by Anders Wedberg. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1949.
-
Khaldun Ibn . The Muqaddimah. Volume 1. Translated by Rosenthal Franz . Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1980.
-
Khomeini Imam . Islam and Revolution: Writings and Declarations of Imam Khomeini. Translated by Hamid Algar. Berkeley: Mizan Press, 1981.
-
Lambton Ann K.S. State and Government in Medieval Islam. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1985.
-
Lapidus Ira M. A History of Islamic Societies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988.
-
Lecker Michael . The “Constitution of Medina”: Muhammad’s First Legal Document. Princeton, NJ: The Darwin Press, 2004.
-
Legnano Giovanni da . Tractatus De Bello, De Represaliis et De Duello. Edited by Holland Thomas Erskine . Printed for the Carnegie Institution of Washington: Oxford University Press, 1917.
-
Lewis George . Remarks on the Use and Abuse of Some Political Terms. London: B. Clay Printer, 1832.
-
Mann Michael . “Nation-States in Europe and Other Continents: Diversifying, Developing, Not Dying.” Daedalus 122, No. 3 (1993): 115–40.
-
Markby William . Elements of Law: Considered with Reference to Principles of General Jurisprudence. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1871.
-
Maududi Abul A’la . The Islamic Law and Constitution, 2nd Edition. Translated and edited by Ahmad Khurshid . Lahore: Islamic Publications, 1960.
-
Mayer Ann E. “Islam and the State.” Cardozo Law Review 12 (1991): 1015–56.
-
Al-Mawardi . Al-Ahkam As-Sultaniyyah: The Laws of Islamic Governance. Translated by Yate Asadullah . London: Ta-Ha Publishers, 1996.
-
Michot Yahya . Muslims Under Non-Muslim Rule. Oxford: Interface Publications, 2006.
-
Al-Misri Ahmad Ibn Naqib . The Reliance of the Traveller: A Classic Manual of Islamic Sacred Law . Edited and translated by Mim Keller Noah Ha . Dubai: Modern Printing Press 1991.
-
Montevideo Convention on Rights and Duties of States. December 26, 1933. 49 Stat. 3097, 165 lnts 19.
-
Mylonas Harris , and Ahram Ariel I. “De facto States Unbound.” ponars Eurasia Policy Memo No. 374, 2015. http://www.ponarseurasia.org/memo/de-facto-states-unbound.
-
Nielsen Richard . “Does the Islamic State Believe in Sovereignty?” The Washington Post February 6, 2015. https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/monkey-cage/wp/2015/02/06/does-the-islamic-state-believe-in-sovereignty/?utm_term=.617a64b1c25076y.
-
Al-Nu’man Al-Qadi . The Pillars of Islam: Daʻaʼim al-Islam of Al-Qadi Al-Nuʻman. Volume 2. Translated by Fyzee Asaf A.A. ; completely revised and annotated by Ismail Kurban Husein Poonawala. New Delhi and Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.
-
Pellet Alain . “The Opinions of the Badinter Arbitration Committee A Second Breath for the Self-Determination of Peoples.” European Journal of International Law 3, No. 1 (1992): 178–85.
-
Pufendorf Samuel . Of the Law of Nature and Nation. Eight Books. Translated by Kennett Basil . London: Printed for J. Walthoe, R. Wilkin, J. and J. Bonwicke, S. Birt, T. Ward, and T. Osborne, 1729.
-
Qabawah Fakhr al-Din . Translation and Critical Study of Ten Pre-Islamic Odes: Traces in the Sand. Translated and analysis by Nouryeh Christopher . Lewiston: Edwin Mellen Press, 1993.
-
Al-Qurtubi . Tafsir al-Qurtubi, Volume 1. Translated by Bewley Aisha . London: Dar al-Taqwa, 2003.
-
Qutb Sayyid . Milestones. Edited by al-Mehri A.B. . Birmingham: Maktabah Booksellers and Publishers, 2006.
-
Qutb Sayyid . In the Shade of the Qur’an, Volume 4. Translated and edited by Salahi Adil and Shamis Ashur . Markfield: Islamic Foundation, 2001.
-
Reisman Michael W. “Sovereignty and Human Rights in Contemporary International Law.” American Journal of International Law 84, No. 4 (1990): 866–76.
-
Ritchie David G. “On the Conception of Sovereignty.” The annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 1, No. 3 (1891): 385–411.
-
Rosen Lawrence . The Anthropology of Justice: Law as Culture in Islamic Society. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989.
-
Rosenthal Franz . “Dawla.” In The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Volume 2, edited by Lewis Bernard , Pellat Charles , and Schacht Joseph . Leiden: Brill, 1965.
-
Rosenthal Erwin I. J. Islam in the Modern Nation State. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1965.
-
Rosenthal Erwin I. J. Political Thought in Medieval Islam: An Introductory Outline. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1962.
-
Sallam Ibn , al-Qasim Abu ʻUbayd . The Book of Revenue: Kitab al-Amwal. Translated by Khan Nyazee Imran Ahsan and introduced by Oweiss Ibrahim M. . Reading: Garnet, 2002.
-
Schacht Joseph . An Introduction to Islamic Law. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1964.
-
Smith Anthony D. The Ethnic Origins of Nations. Oxford: Blackwell, 1986.
-
A’s Suyuti Jalaluddin . History of the Caliphs. Translated by Jarrett. Calcutta H.S. : Asiatic Society, 1881.
-
Al-Tabari . The History of al-Tabari, Volume 10. Translated and annotated by Donner Fred M. . Albany: State University of New York Press, 1993.
-
Al-Tabari . The History of al-Tabari, Volume 30. Translated and annotated by Bosworth C. E. . Albany: State University of New York Press, 1989.
-
Al-Tabari . The Commentary on the Qurʾan. Vol. 1. Being an Abridged Translation of Jami’ Al-Bayan ‘an Ta’wil Ay Al-Qur’an, with an introduction and notes by J. Cooper, general editors, Madelung W.F. , Jones A. . Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1987.
-
Taymiyyah Ibn . Ibn Taymiyyah Expounds on Islam: Selected Writings of Shaykh al-Islam Taqi ad-Din Ibn Taymiyyah on Islamic Faith, Life, and Society. Compiled and translated by Muhammad ‘Abdul-Haqq Ansari. Riyadh: General Administration of Culture and Publication, 2000.
-
The Digest of Justinian. Translated by Henry Monro Charles . Cambridge: University Press, 1904.
-
The Islamic State’s (isis, isil) Magazine: Dabiq . “The Return of the Khilafah.” Issue 1, Clarion Project, July 2014. https://clarionproject.org/islamic-state-isis-isil-propaganda-magazine-dabiq-50/.
-
The Islamic State’s (isis, isil) Magazine: Dabiq . “The Flood.” Issue 2, July 2014.
-
The Islamic State’s (isis, isil) Magazine: Dabiq . “The Call to Hijrah.” Issue 3, September 2014.
-
The Islamic State’s (isis, isil) Magazine: Dabiq . “Remaining and Expanding.” Issue 5, November 2014.
-
The Islamic State’s (isis, isil) Magazine: Dabiq . “Shari’ah Alone Will Rule Africa.” Issue 8, March 2015.
-
The Islamic State’s (isis, isil) Magazine: Dabiq . “The Laws of Allah or the Laws of Men.” Issue 10, July 2015.
-
The Islamic State’s (isis, isil) Magazine: Rumiyah . “Among The Believers Are Men: Sheikh Abu Sulayman ash-Shami.” Issue 8, April 2017.
-
The Sea of Precious Virtues (Bahr al-Fava’id). Translated and edited by Scott Meisami Julie . Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 1991.
-
Vincent Andrew . “Conceptions of the State.” In Encyclopedia of Government and Politics, edited by Hawkesworth Mary and Kogan Maurice , 43–55. London: Routledge, 1992.
-
Watt W. Montgomery . Islam and the Integration of Society. London: Routledge, 2001.
-
Watt W. Montgomery . The Formative Period of Islamic Thought. Oxford: Oneworld, 1998.
-
Watt W. Montgomery . “God’s Caliph: Qur’anic Interpretations and Umayyad Claims.” In Iran and Islam: In memory of the Late Vladimir Minorsky, edited by Bosworth C.E. , 565–74. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1971.
-
Williams Brian . “Afghanistan after the Soviets: From Jihad to Tribalism.” Small Wars & Insurgencies 25, No. 5–6 (2014): 924–56.
-
Al-Youm Al-Masry . “Al-Azhar: Caliphate Rule Is Not an Islamic Fundamental.” Egypt Independent, July 6, 2015. https://www.egyptindependent.com/al-azhar-caliphate-rule-not-islamic-fundamental/.
| All Time | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 925 | 150 | 5 |
| Full Text Views | 49 | 4 | 0 |
| PDF Views & Downloads | 91 | 6 | 0 |
The Radical Nation-State and Contemporary Extremism
In: Middle East Law and GovernanceSearch for other papers by Masaki Nagata in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Abstract
In recent years Muslim extremist groups have sought to establish a contemporary Islamic caliphate. Such groups have not historically sought to establish such a territory; this form of sovereignty did not exist in the Prophet’s time, and is quite unlike the traditional Islamic model or that practiced by the Prophet in Medina. Moreover, this ideal state incorporates elements of the modern, sovereign nation-state. It is ironic that, although such groups criticize Western systems and laws, their concept of ‘the state’ derives from the very European ideology that they so violently oppose. This paper examines how notions of modern statehood have influenced the ideologies of state and law espoused by contemporary extremist groups.
| All Time | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 925 | 150 | 5 |
| Full Text Views | 49 | 4 | 0 |
| PDF Views & Downloads | 91 | 6 | 0 |