Supportive Agency and the Statization of Local Governance: The Practice of Power of the Village Governance Body in the Context of Transformation
扶植型代理与基层治理国家化——转型背景中的村治主体权力实践
Abstract
The practice of power of the village governance body is an important perspective from which to understand the form of local governance as well as a crucial aspect of the capacity of local governance. In local government building, the village governance body has the special feature of supportive agency – that is, the secretary of the village Party committee has only incomplete governance power, but he/she does have the power to allocate resources in the village. Different from the personalization of power in an oligarchy, the power of a supportive agent is something that local rural elites rely on to gain resources. They then use those resources as a hook to draw in other participants and use public rules to embed themselves into the governance of village affairs, thereby forming the power structure of the grassroots community. The network of power and interests in the interaction between township and village and the pattern of profit-sharing in the village constitute the basis for this practice of power under supportive agency. The supportive relationship between local government and village cadres has led to a separation between the cadres and the peasants, a rupture of the state-peasant relationship, increasing social differentiation, and weakened village autonomy. The practice of supportive agency reflects changes in the logic of local governance – local autonomy has been turned into local governance statization. Thus, in these circumstances, in order to achieve a successful transition to modernized local governance, the linkage between the state and the peasants should be rebuilt, and the local organization of governance should be reshaped.
摘要
村治主体的权力实践既是理解基层治理形态的重要路径，亦是构成基层治理能力的重要内容。从基层政权建设角度看，村治主体权力具有扶植型代理的特征，即村书记治权残缺，但掌握村庄资源分配权。不同于寡头主体权力私人化，扶植型代理的权力实践是乡村社会精英依附于基层政权获得资源分配机会，从而以资源为载体吸纳其他村治主体，并运用公共规则，嵌入进村庄治理事务建构治理能力，形成基层治理共同体的权力结构。镇村互动中的权力利益网络与村庄内部分利秩序构成扶植型代理权力的基础。基层政权与村干部代理人角色扶植型关系的形成，导致村干部与农民的脱离，国家与农民互动关系的断裂，造成社会分化、村庄自主性弱化的困境，再造社区秩序。就基层政权建设而言，扶植型代理反映出基层治理逻辑的转变，基层自治演化为基层治理国家化。因而，在基层治理国家化的现状下，实现基层治理现代化的顺利转型，需要重建国家与农民之间的关联机制，推动基层组织转型。
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Supportive Agency and the Statization of Local Governance: The Practice of Power of the Village Governance Body in the Context of Transformation
扶植型代理与基层治理国家化——转型背景中的村治主体权力实践
Abstract
The practice of power of the village governance body is an important perspective from which to understand the form of local governance as well as a crucial aspect of the capacity of local governance. In local government building, the village governance body has the special feature of supportive agency – that is, the secretary of the village Party committee has only incomplete governance power, but he/she does have the power to allocate resources in the village. Different from the personalization of power in an oligarchy, the power of a supportive agent is something that local rural elites rely on to gain resources. They then use those resources as a hook to draw in other participants and use public rules to embed themselves into the governance of village affairs, thereby forming the power structure of the grassroots community. The network of power and interests in the interaction between township and village and the pattern of profit-sharing in the village constitute the basis for this practice of power under supportive agency. The supportive relationship between local government and village cadres has led to a separation between the cadres and the peasants, a rupture of the state-peasant relationship, increasing social differentiation, and weakened village autonomy. The practice of supportive agency reflects changes in the logic of local governance – local autonomy has been turned into local governance statization. Thus, in these circumstances, in order to achieve a successful transition to modernized local governance, the linkage between the state and the peasants should be rebuilt, and the local organization of governance should be reshaped.
| All Time | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 138 | 138 | 2 |
| Full Text Views | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| PDF Views & Downloads | 2 | 2 | 0 |