Buddhism is often said to be an environment-friendly religion, but this thesis is rarely investigated. In this paper, we employ a mixed-method approach to examine this thesis in the case of Taiwan. We use data from the Taiwan Social Change Survey (tscs) and apply qualitative content analysis to examine practices among major Taiwanese Buddhist organizations. The findings suggest: (1) Buddhists in Taiwan engage significantly more in environment-friendly behavior than other religious members, and (2) members of different Buddhist organizations display similar levels of engagement in environment-related behavior. However, (3) Buddhist organizations engage very differently in environment-related activities. (4) Buddhist organizations engage more in nonpolitical environmental activities than they do in politically sensitive ones, and (5) among the four major Buddhist organizations, female-led Buddhist organizations show a higher level of environment-related practices than male-led organizations.
在这篇文章中我们结合定性与定量的研究方法检验了一个流行的看法,即佛教是个对环境友善的宗教。我们使用了台湾社会变迁基本调查(tscs)的调查数据以及收集了台湾主要佛教团体的环保实践与论述。本研究发现:(1)台湾佛教徒相对于其他宗教成员参与更多环境友善的行为;(2)不同佛教团体的成员呈现参与环境相关行为的不同;(3)不同佛教团体参与非常不同类型的环境相关活动;(4)佛教团体参与非政治的环境活动多于政治敏感类环境活动;(5)台湾四大佛教团体里,女性领导的佛教团体参与环境相关活动多过男性领导的佛教团体。
Purchase
Buy instant access (PDF download and unlimited online access):
Institutional Login
Log in with Open Athens, Shibboleth, or your institutional credentials
Personal login
Log in with your brill.com account
Ammerman, Nancy T., ed. 2007. Everyday Religion: Observing Modern Religious Lives. New York: Oxford University Press.
Barnhill, David L., and Roger S. Gottlieb, eds. 2001. Deep Ecology and World Religions: New Essays on Sacred Grounds. Albany: State University of New York Press.
Beaman, Lori G. 2017. “Living Well Together in a (Non)Religious Future: Contributions from the Sociology of Religion.” Sociology of Religion 78 (1): 9–32.
Bergmann, Sigurd, and Yong-bok Kim. 2009. Religion, Ecology & Gender: East-West Perspectives. Berlin: LIT.
Biel, Anders, and Andreas Nilsson. 2005. “Religious Values and Environmental Concern: Harmony and Detachment.” Social Science Quarterly 86 (1): 178–191.
Blocker, T. Jean, and Douglas Lee Eckberg. 1997. “Gender and Environmentalism: Results from the 1993 General Social Survey.” Social Science Quarterly 78 (4): 841–858.
Chan, Andrew, and Md Saidul Islam. 2015. “State, Religion, and Environmentalism: Fostering Social Cohesion and Environmental Protection in Singapore.” Environmental Sociology 1 (3): 177–189.
Chandler, Stuart. 2004. Establishing a Pure Land on Earth: The Foguang Buddhist Perspective on Modernization and Globalization. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press.
Clements, John M., Chenyang Xiao, and Aaron M. McCright. 2014. “An Examination of the ‘Greening of Christianity’ Thesis Among Americans, 1993–2010.” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 53 (2): 373–391.
Darlington, S. M. 1998. “The Ordination of a Tree: The Buddhist Ecology Movement in Thailand.” Ethnology 37 (1): 1–15.
Dekker, Paul, Peter Ester, and Masja Nas. 1997. “Religion, Culture and Environmental Concern: An Empirical Cross-National Analysis.” Social Compass 44 (3): 443–458.
DeVido, Elise Anne. 2010. Taiwan’s Buddhist Nuns. Albany: SUNY Press.
Diekmann, Andreas, and Peter Preisendörfer. 1998. “Environmental Behavior Discrepancies between Aspirations and Reality.” Rationality and Society 10 (1): 79–102.
Dietz, Thomas, Paul C. Stern, and Gregory A. Guagnano. 1998. “Social Structural and Social Psychological Bases of Environmental Concern.” Environment and Behavior 30 (4): 450–471.
Djupe, Paul A., and Patrick Kieran Hunt. 2009. “Beyond the Lynn White Thesis: Congregational Effects on Environmental Concern.” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 48 (4): 670–686.
Durkheim, Emile. 1965. The Elementary Forms of the Religious Life. New York: Free Press.
Eckberg, Douglas Lee, and T. Jean Blocker. 1989. “Varieties of Religious Involvement and Environmental Concerns: Testing the Lynn White Thesis.” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 28 (4): 509–517.
Eckberg, Douglas Lee, and T. Jean Blocker. 1996. “Christianity, Environmentalism, and the Theoretical Problem of Fundamentalism.” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 35 (4): 343–55.
Franzen, Axel, and Reto Meyer. 2010. “Environmental Attitudes in Cross-National Perspective: A Multilevel Analysis of the issp 1993 and 2000.” European Sociological Review 26 (2): 219–234.
Hall, David D., ed. 1997. Lived Religion in America: Toward a History of Practice. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Haluza-DeLay, Randolph. 2014. “Religion and Climate Change: Varieties in Viewpoints and Practices.” Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change 5 (2): 261–279.
Hand, Carl M., and Kent D. Van Liere. 1984. “Religion, Mastery-Over-Nature, and Environmental Concern.” Social Forces 63 (2): 555–570.
Hayes, Bernadette C. 2001. “Gender, Scientific Knowledge, and Attitudes toward the Environment: A Cross-National Analysis.” Political Research Quarterly 54 (3): 657–671.
Hayes, Bernadette C., and Manussos Marangudakis. 2000. “Religion and Environmental Issues within Anglo-American Democracies.” Review of Religious Research 42 (2): 159–174.
Hayes, Bernadette C., and Manussos Marangudakis. 2001. “Religion and Attitudes towards Nature in Britain.” The British Journal of Sociology 52 (1): 139–155.
Hu, Anning, and Reid J. Leamaster. 2013. “Longitudinal Trends of Religious Groups in Deregulated Taiwan: 1990 to 2009.” The Sociological Quarterly 54 (2): 254–277.
Huang, C. Julia. 2009. Charisma and Compassion: Cheng Yen and the Buddhist Tzu Chi Movement. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Inglehart, Ronald. 1997. Modernization and Postmodernization. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Jones, Charles Brewer. 1999. Buddhism in Taiwan: Religion and the State, 1660–1990. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press.
Katz, Paul R. 2003. “Religion and the State in Post-War Taiwan.” The China Quarterly 174: 395–412.
Kaza, Stephanie. 2006. “The Greening of Buddhism: Promise and Perils.” In The Oxford Handbook of Religion and Ecology, edited by Roger S. Gottlieb, pp. 184–206. New York: Oxford University Press.
Kaza, Stephanie, and Kenneth Kraft, eds. 2000. Dharma Rain: Sources of Buddhist Environmentalism. Boston, MA: Shambhala.
King, Sallie B. 2009. Socially Engaged Buddhism. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press.
Konisky, David M. 2018. “The Greening of Christianity? A Study of Environmental Attitudes over Time.” Environmental Politics 27 (2): 267–291.
Kuo, Cheng-tian. 2008. Religion and Democracy in Taiwan. Albany: State University of New York Press.
Laliberté, André. 2004. The Politics of Buddhist Organizations in Taiwan, 1989–2003: Safeguarding the Faith, Building a Pure Land, Helping the Poor. New York: Routledge.
Lee, Chengpang, and Ling Han. 2015. “Recycling Bodhisattva: The Tzu-Chi Movement’s Response to Global Climate Change.” Social Compass 62 (3): 311–325.
Lee, Chengpang, and Ling Han. 2016. “Mothers and Moral Activists: Two Models of Women’s Social Engagement in Contemporary Taiwanese Buddhism.” Nova Religio: The Journal of Alternative and Emergent Religions 19 (3): 54–77.
Lee, Chengpang, and Ling Han. 2017. “Faith-Based Organization and Transnational Voluntarism in China: A Case Study of the Malaysia Airline mh370 Incident.” VOLUNTAS: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations 27: 2353–2373.
Lu, Yunfeng, Byron Johnson, and Rodney Stark. 2008. “Deregulation and the Religious Market in Taiwan: A Research Note.” The Sociological Quarterly 49 (1): 139–153.
Madsen, Richard. 2007. Democracy’s Dharma: Religious Renaissance and Political Development in Taiwan. Berkeley: University of California Press.
McCright, Aaron M. 2010. “The Effects of Gender on Climate Change Knowledge and Concern in the American Public.” Population and Environment 32 (1): 66–87.
McGuire, Meredith B. 2008. Lived Religion: Faith and Practice in Everyday Life. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Miller, James, Dan Smyer Yu, and Peter van der Veer, eds. 2014. Religion and Ecological Sustainability in China. New York: Routledge.
Norgaard, Kari, and Richard York. 2005. “Gender Equality and State Environmentalism.” Gender and Society 19 (4): 506–522.
Powell, Walter W., Aaron Horvath, and Christof Brandtner. 2016. “Click and Mortar: Organizations on the Web.” Research in Organizational Behavior 36: 101–120.
Riesebrodt, Martin. 2010. The Promise of Salvation: A Theory of Religion. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Sahni, Pragati. 2008. Environmental Ethics in Buddhism: A Virtues Approach. New York: Routledge.
Sherkat, Darren E., and Christopher G. Ellison. 2007. “Structuring the Religion-Environment Connection: Identifying Religious Influences on Environmental Concern and Activism.” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 46 (1): 71–85.
Sørensen, Henrik H. 2013. “Of Eco-Buddhas and Dharma-Roots: Views from the East Asian Buddhist Tradition.” In Nature, Environment and Culture in East Asia: The Challenge of Climate Change, edited by C. Meinert, 1:83–104. Leiden: Brill.
Sponsel, Leslie E. 2012. Spiritual Ecology: A Quiet Revolution. Santa Barbara, CA: Praeger.
Swearer, Donald K. 2006. “An Assessment of Buddhist Eco-Philosophy.” The Harvard Theological Review 99 (2): 123–137.
Tucker, Mary Evelyn, and Duncan Ryūken Williams, eds. 1997. Buddhism and Ecology: The Interconnection of Dharma and Deeds. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Weaver, Alicia A. 2002. “Determinants of Environmental Attitudes: A Five-Country Comparison.” International Journal of Sociology 32 (1): 77–108.
White, Lynn, Jr. 1967. “The Historical Roots of Our Ecologic Crisis.” Science 155 (3767): 1203–1207.
Yang, Fenggang, and Anning Hu. 2012. “Mapping Chinese Folk Religion in Mainland China and Taiwan.” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 51 (3): 505–521.
Zelezny, Lynnette C., Poh-Pheng Chua, and Christina Aldrich. 2000. “Elaborating on Gender Differences in Environmentalism.” Journal of Social Issues 56 (3): 443–457.
All Time | Past 365 days | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 1375 | 297 | 85 |
Full Text Views | 108 | 20 | 2 |
PDF Views & Downloads | 256 | 46 | 4 |
Buddhism is often said to be an environment-friendly religion, but this thesis is rarely investigated. In this paper, we employ a mixed-method approach to examine this thesis in the case of Taiwan. We use data from the Taiwan Social Change Survey (tscs) and apply qualitative content analysis to examine practices among major Taiwanese Buddhist organizations. The findings suggest: (1) Buddhists in Taiwan engage significantly more in environment-friendly behavior than other religious members, and (2) members of different Buddhist organizations display similar levels of engagement in environment-related behavior. However, (3) Buddhist organizations engage very differently in environment-related activities. (4) Buddhist organizations engage more in nonpolitical environmental activities than they do in politically sensitive ones, and (5) among the four major Buddhist organizations, female-led Buddhist organizations show a higher level of environment-related practices than male-led organizations.
在这篇文章中我们结合定性与定量的研究方法检验了一个流行的看法,即佛教是个对环境友善的宗教。我们使用了台湾社会变迁基本调查(tscs)的调查数据以及收集了台湾主要佛教团体的环保实践与论述。本研究发现:(1)台湾佛教徒相对于其他宗教成员参与更多环境友善的行为;(2)不同佛教团体的成员呈现参与环境相关行为的不同;(3)不同佛教团体参与非常不同类型的环境相关活动;(4)佛教团体参与非政治的环境活动多于政治敏感类环境活动;(5)台湾四大佛教团体里,女性领导的佛教团体参与环境相关活动多过男性领导的佛教团体。
All Time | Past 365 days | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 1375 | 297 | 85 |
Full Text Views | 108 | 20 | 2 |
PDF Views & Downloads | 256 | 46 | 4 |