This paper examines Croatian lgbtq activists’ engagement with discourses of human rights and European identity in their struggles for anti-discrimination legislation. Utilizing the external pressure imposed by European Union institutions on the Croatian government and the government’s aim to become an eu member state during the pre-accession process, some activists and the organizations with which they collaborated focused their efforts and resources toward lobbying for legislative protection again discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity. Aside from the specific circumstances of eu accession, part of the thrust behind the focus on legislative change and lobbying derives from processes of professionalization or the changing financial and legal support structures that the organization began to use during this period, the international and transnational networks in which they took part, and their internal organizational structures. Some activists construct a hierarchical differentiation between a professionalized sphere consisting of serious, professionalized types of activism vs. so-called amateur, cultural-based activism and embrace similar lobbying strategies used by transnational lgbtq organizations in Europe. These professionalized lobbying strategies have reproduced discourses of human rights and European identity that may foreclose recognition of difference within the larger, diverse lgbtq community and its needs.
Purchase
Buy instant access (PDF download and unlimited online access):
Institutional Login
Log in with Open Athens, Shibboleth, or your institutional credentials
Personal login
Log in with your brill.com account
Alvarez S. E.1999. “Advocating feminism: The Latin American feminist ngo ‘boom’”, International Feminist Journal of Politics, 1 (2): 181–209.
Alvarez S. E.2000. “Translating the global: Effects of transnational organizing on local feminist discourses and practices in Latin America”, Meridians: Feminism, Race, Transnationalism, 1 (1): 29–67.
Astraea Lesbian Foundation for Justice. n.d. “Who We Are”, <www.astraeafoundation.org/who-we-are/about> (accessed on 25 September 2014).
Ayoub P., , & Paternotte D. (2014). lgbt Activism and the Making of Europe: A Rainbow Europe? (London: Palgrave Macmillan).
Bagić A. 2002. “International assistance for women’s organizing in South Eastern Europe”, <www.policy.hu/bagic/> (accessed on 25 September 2014).
Bilić B.2012. We Were Gasping for Air: (Post-)Yugoslav Anti-War Activism and Its Legacy. (Baden-Baden, Germany: Nomos).
Broz T.2014. Talk for panel “Fall of Force and Injustice”: A Guide to Action in Neo-fascist Times, BeFem 2014. (Belgrade, Serbia).
Butterfield N., 2013. “Sexual rights as a tool for mapping Europe: Discourses of human rights and European identity in activists’ struggles in Croatia”, 11–34, in Fejes N., and Balogh A. P. (eds.), Queer Visibility in Post-Socialist Cultures (Bristol and Chicago: Intellect).
Choudry A., and Shragge E.. 2011. “Disciplining dissent: ngos and community organizations”, Globalizations, 8 (4): 503–517.
coc Netherlands. n.d.. “About coc”, <www.coc.nl/engels> (accessed on 25 September 2014).
Crol.hr. 2014. “Kako je biti lgbtiq osoba u maloj sredini?”, <www.crol.hr/index.php/zivot/6168-kako-je-biti-lgbtiq-osoba-u-maloj-sredini> (accessed on 25 September 2014).
Dolenec D.2008. “Europeanization as a democratising force in post-Communist Europe: Croatia in comparative perspective”, Politička misao, 45 (5): 23–46.
Embassy of Denmark in Croatia. 2012. “Media report 2012”, <http://kroatien.um.dk/en/~/media/Kroatien/Documents/Other/Strategicmedia approach/Mediareport2012.pdf> (accessed on 25 September 2014).
Embassy of Kingdom of the Netherlands in Croatia. 2011. “Press statement: Dutch Ambassador Stella Ronner-Grubačić participates in Gay Pride Split”, <http://croatia.nlembassy.org/news/2011/06/press-statement-dutch-ambassador-stella-ronner-gruba?i?-participates-in-gay-pride-split.html> (accessed on 25 September 2014).
European Commission. 2000. “Council Employment Directive 2000/78/ec”, <http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=celex:32000L0078:en:html> (accessed on 25 September 2014).
Ghodsee K.2004. “Feminism-by-design: Emerging capitalisms, cultural feminism, and women’s nongovernmental organizations in postsocialist Eastern Europe”, Signs, 29 (3): 727–753.
Government Office for Cooperation with ngos. 2015. “Financing organizations: Overview of granted financial support”, <www.uzuvrh.hr/potpore.aspx?pageid=58> (accessed on 25 September 2014).
Hodson L.2007. Different Families, Same Rights? (Brussels: ILGA-Europe).
Hodžić A., and Bijelić N.. 2014. “Neo-conservative threats to sexual and reproductive health and rights in the European Union”, <www.cesi.hr/attach/_n/neo-conservative_threats_to_srhr_in_eu.pdf> (accessed on 25 September 2014).
ilga-Europe. 2002. Activity Report 2001/2002 (Brussels: ILGA-Europe).
Iskorak and Kontra. 2002. “Gay Pride 2002 Declaration” (Zagreb: Gay Pride).
Juras S., and Bosanac G.. 2009. Sexual and Gender Minorities Report 2009: 2009 Annual Report on the Status of Human Rights of Sexual and Gender Minorities in Croatia. (Zagreb: Iskorak and Kontra).
Juras S., and Grđan K.. 2006. Sexual and Gender Minorities Report 2006: 2006 Annual Report on the Status of Human Rights of Sexual and Gender Minorities in Croatia. (Zagreb: Iskorak and Kontra).
Juras S., and Grđan K.. 2007. Sexual and Gender Minorities Report 2007: 2007 Annual Report on the Status of Human Rights of Sexual and Gender Minorities in Croatia. (Zagreb: Iskorak and Kontra).
Juras S., and Grđan K.. 2008. Sexual and Gender Minorities Report 2008: 2008 Annual Report on the Status of Human Rights of Sexual and Gender Minorities in Croatia. (Zagreb: Iskorak and Kontra).
Juras S., and Manzin D.. 2003. Sexual and Gender Minorities Report 2003: Report on Human Rights of Sexual and Gender Minorities in Croatia 2003. (Zagreb: Iskorak and Kontra).
Kollman K., and Waites M.. 2009. “The global politics of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender human rights: An introduction”, Contemporary Politics, 15 (1): 1–17.
Krasnec T. 2012. “Europe applauds Split Pride and condemns homophobic statements”, <http://www.vecernji.hr/vijesti/europa-pozdravlja-split-pride-osuduje-homofobne-izjave-clanak-417320> (accessed on 25 September 2014).
Lang S., 1997. “The ngoization of feminism: Institutionalization and institution building within the German women’s movements”, 101–120, in Scott J. W., , Kaplan C., and Keates D. (eds.), Transitions, Environments, Translations: Feminisms in International Politics. (London and New York: Routledge).
Lesbian Group Kontra. (n.d.). “About Us”, < www.kontra.hr> (accessed on 25 September 2014).
lori. n.d. “About Us”, <http://www.lori.hr/lori> (accessed on 25 September 2014).
Cash Mama. n.d. “About Mama Cash”, <www.mamacash.org> (accessed on 25 September 2014).
Ofak L., , Starc N., , and Šabić S. Š.. (eds). 2006. Poverty, Unemployment and Social Exclusion. (Zagreb, Croatia: United National Development Programme).
Paternotte D.2015. “The ngoization of lgbt activism: ilga-Europe and the Treaty of Amsterdam”, Social Movement Studies: 1–15.
Pikić A., and Jugović I.. 2006. Violence against Lesbians, Gays and Bisexuals in Croatia: Research Report. (Zagreb: Lesbian Group Kontra).
seeq Network. 2006. “Supporting lgbtiq organizing in post-Yugoslav region and beyond”, <https://queering.wordpress.com/2007/05/28/report-of-the-see-q-network-supporting-lgbtiq-organizing-in-post-yugoslav-region-and-beyond/> (accessed on 25 September 2014).
Sernatinger A., and Echeverria T.. 2013. “Queering socialism: An interview with Alan Sears”, <http://newpol.org/content/queering-socialism-interview-alan-sears> (accessed on 25 September 2014).
Stubbs P., 2007. “Community development in Croatia: Globalisation, neo-liberalization and ngo-isation”, 161–174, in Dominelli L. (ed.) Revitalising Communities in a Globalising World (Aldershot: Ashgate).
Van Balen A. 2014. “Giant inflatable rainbow intervenes in Croatia’s annual swim race (Vis 2014)”, <www.toolsforaction.net/giant-inflatable-rainbow-intervenes-in-croatia´s-annual-swim-race-vis-2014> (accessed on 25 September 2014).
Pride Zagreb. n.d. “About the Pride March”, <www.zagreb-pride.net/web/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=145&Itemid=76&lang=hr> (accessed on 25 September 2014).
Pride Zagreb. n.d. “Finances 2002”, <www.zagreb-pride.net> (accessed on 25 September 2014).
Pride Zagreb. n.d. “Finances 2010”, <www.zagreb-pride.net> (accessed on 25 September 2014).
Pride Zagreb. n.d. “Finances 2011”, <www.zagreb-pride.net > (accessed on 25 September 2014).
Pride Zagreb. n.d. “Finances 2012”, <www.zagreb-pride.net > (accessed on 25 September 2014).
All Time | Past 365 days | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 544 | 93 | 4 |
Full Text Views | 217 | 2 | 1 |
PDF Views & Downloads | 52 | 5 | 2 |
This paper examines Croatian lgbtq activists’ engagement with discourses of human rights and European identity in their struggles for anti-discrimination legislation. Utilizing the external pressure imposed by European Union institutions on the Croatian government and the government’s aim to become an eu member state during the pre-accession process, some activists and the organizations with which they collaborated focused their efforts and resources toward lobbying for legislative protection again discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity. Aside from the specific circumstances of eu accession, part of the thrust behind the focus on legislative change and lobbying derives from processes of professionalization or the changing financial and legal support structures that the organization began to use during this period, the international and transnational networks in which they took part, and their internal organizational structures. Some activists construct a hierarchical differentiation between a professionalized sphere consisting of serious, professionalized types of activism vs. so-called amateur, cultural-based activism and embrace similar lobbying strategies used by transnational lgbtq organizations in Europe. These professionalized lobbying strategies have reproduced discourses of human rights and European identity that may foreclose recognition of difference within the larger, diverse lgbtq community and its needs.
All Time | Past 365 days | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 544 | 93 | 4 |
Full Text Views | 217 | 2 | 1 |
PDF Views & Downloads | 52 | 5 | 2 |