Do you want to stay informed about this journal? Click the buttons to subscribe to our alerts.
Mental capacities are an essential basis on which people give moral concern to nonhuman animals. Hence, it is important to investigate public perceptions of animal mind and the factors underlying these perceptions. Although research into citizen beliefs in animal mind has been increasing, population-based studies utilizing multivariate methods have been scarce. In this article, public perceptions of animal mind are investigated with a nationwide survey in Finland (n = 1,824). Eight animal species positioned differently in cultural categorizations are included in the analysis. Dogs were ascribed the most capacities, followed by cows, pigs, wolves, and elk. Citizens expressed a low belief in the mental capacities of chicken, salmon, and shrimp. Classifying animals as companions, food, and threat influences the perceptions of animal mind. Young age, having a companion animal, valuing societal equality, and concern for animal welfare and for animal utilization are connected to a greater belief in animal mind.
Purchase
Buy instant access (PDF download and unlimited online access):
Institutional Login
Log in with Open Athens, Shibboleth, or your institutional credentials
Personal login
Log in with your brill.com account
Arluke A. & Sanders C. R. Regarding animals 1996 Philadelphia, PA Temple University Press
Bastian B. , Costello K. , Loughnan S. & Hodson G. When closing the human–animal divide expands moral concern: The importance of framing Social Psychological and Personality Science 2012 3 4 421 429
Bastian B. , Loughnan S. , Haslam N. & Radke H. R. M. Don’t mind meat? The denial of mind to animals used for human consumption Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 2011 38 2 247 256
Bisi J. , Liukkonen T. , Mykrä S. , Pohja-Mykrä M. & Kurki S. The good bad wolf—Wolf evaluation reveals the roots of the Finnish wolf conflict European Journal of Wildlife Research 2010 56 5 771 779
Boissy A. , Arnould C. , Chaillou E. , Désiré L. , Duvaux-Ponter C. , Greiveldinger L. & Veissier I. Emotions and cognition: A new approach to animal welfare Animal Welfare 2007 16 2 37 43
Borgström S. Legitimacy issues in Finnish wolf conservation Journal of Environmental Law 2012 24 3 451 476
Brown C. Fish intelligence, sentience and ethics Animal Cognition 2015 18 1 1 17
Costello K. & Hodson G. Exploring the roots of dehumanization: The role of animal–human similarity in promoting immigrant humanization Group Processes & Intergroup Relations 2010 13 1 3 22
Deemer D. R. & Lobao L. R. Public concern with farm-animal welfare: Religion, politics, and human disadvantage in the food sector Rural Sociology 2011 76 2 167 196
Dhont K. , Hodson G., Costello K. & MacInnis C. C. Social dominance orientation connects prejudicial human–human and human–animal relations Personality and Individual Differences 2014 April-May 61-62 105 108
Duncan I. J. H. The changing concept of animal sentience Applied Animal Behaviour Science 2006 100 1-2 11 19
Eddy T. J. , Gallup G. G. Jr. & Povinelli D. J. Attribution of cognitive states to animals: Anthropomorphism in comparative perspective Journal of Social Issues 1993 49 1 87 101
Elwood R. W. Evidence for pain in decapod crustaceans Animal Welfare 2012 21 1 23 27
Francione G. L. Animals as persons: Essays on the abolition of animal exploitation 2008 New York, NY Columbia University Press
Gieling E. , Nordquist R. & Staay F. Assessing learning and memory in pigs Animal Cognition 2011 14 2 151 173
Griffin D. & Speck G. New evidence of animal consciousness Animal Cognition 2004 7 1 5 18
Herzog H. A. Jr. & Galvin S. Mitchell R. W. , Thompson N. S. & Miles H. L. Common sense and the mental lives of animals: An empirical approach Anthropomorphism, anecdotes, and animals 1997 Albany, NY State University of New York Press 237 253
Hills A. M. Empathy and belief in the mental experience of animals Anthrozoös 1995 8 3 132 142
Horowitz A. C. Bekoff M. Anthropomorphism Encyclopedia of human–animal relationships: A global exploration of our connections with animals 2007 Westport, CT Greenwood Press 60 66
Horvath K. , Angeletti D. , Nascetti G. & Carere C. Invertebrate welfare: An overlooked issue Ann Ist Super Sanita 2013 49 1 9 17
Irvine L. The question of animal selves: Implications for sociological knowledge and practice Qualitative Sociology Review 2007 3 1 5 22
Irvine L. Animals and sociology Sociology Compass 2008 2 6 1954 1971
Kaldewaij F. Armstrong S. J. & Botzler R. G. Animals and the harm of death The animal ethics reader 2008 Oxon, United Kingdom Routledge 59 62
Kendall H. A. , Lobao L. M. & Sharp J. S. Public concern with animal well-being: Place, social structural location, and individual experience Rural Sociology 2006 71 3 399 428
Knight S. , Vrij A. , Bard K. & Brandon D. Science versus human welfare? Understanding attitudes toward animal use Journal of Social Issues 2009 65 3 463 483
Knight S. , Vrij A. , Cherryman J. & Nunkoosing K. Attitudes towards animal use and belief in animal mind Anthrozoös 2004 17 1 43 62
Kupsala S. , Jokinen P. & Vinnari M. Who cares about farmed fish? Citizen perceptions of the welfare and the mental abilities of fish Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics 2013 26 1 119 135
Low P. , Panksepp J. , Reiss D. , Edelman D. , Van Swinderen B. & Koch C. The Cambridge declaration on consciousness 2012 Retrieved April 26, 2015, from http://fcmconference.org/img/CambridgeDeclarationOnConsciousness.pdf
Maust-Mohl M. , Fraser J. & Morrison R. Wild minds: What people think about animal thinking Anthrozoös 2012 25 2 133 147
McGrath N. , Walker J. , Nilsson D. & Phillips C. Public attitudes towards grief in animals Animal Welfare 2013 22 1 33 47
Mitchell R. W. & Hamm M. The interpretation of animal psychology: Anthropomorphism or behavior reading? Behaviour 1997 134 3/4 173 204
Morris P. H. , Doe C. & Godsell E. Secondary emotions in non-primate species? Behavioural reports and subjective claims by animal owners Cognition & Emotion 2008 22 1 3 20
Morris P. , Knight S. & Lesley S. Belief in animal mind: Does familiarity with animals influence beliefs about animal emotions? Society & Animals 2012 20 3 211 224
Noske B. The animal question in anthropology: A commentary Society & Animals 1993 1 2 185 190
Panksepp J. Cross-species affective neuroscience decoding of the primal affective experiences of humans and related animals PLoS ONE 2011 6 9 e21236
Paul E. S. Empathy with animals and with humans: Are they linked? Anthrozoös 2000 13 4 194 202
Phillips C. J. C. & McCulloch S. Student attitudes on animal sentience and use of animals in society Journal of Biological Education 2005 40 1 17 24
Phillips C. J. C. , Izmirli S. , Aldavood J. , Alonso M. , Choe B. , Hanlon A. & Rehn T. An international comparison of female and male students’ attitudes to the use of animals Animals 2010 1 1 7 26
Rollin B. E. Scientific ideology, anthropomorphism, anecdote, and ethics New Ideas in Psychology 2000 18 1 109 118
Ruby M. B. & Heine S. J. Too close to home. Factors predicting meat avoidance Appetite 2012 59 1 47 52
Sanders C. R. Understanding dogs: Living and working with canine companions 1999 Philadelphia, PA Temple University Press
Sandøe P. & Christiansen S. B. Millar K. , West P. H. & Nerlich B. Animal futures: The changing face of animal ethics Ethical futures: Biosciences and food horizons 2009 Wageningen, The Netherlands Wageningen Academic Publishers 27 33
Serpell J. In the company of animals: A study of human–animal relationships 1996 Cambridge, United Kingdom Cambridge University Press
Sherwin C. M. Can invertebrates suffer? Or, how robust is argument-by-analogy? Animal Welfare 2001 10 1 103 118
Singer P. Animal liberation 1975 London, United Kingdom Pimlico
Statistics Finland Statistics Finland’s PX-Web databases. Table: Population according to age (1-year), sex, marital status and language by area 1990-2014 2014a Retrieved December 10, 2015, from http://pxnet2.stat.fi/PXWeb/pxweb/en/StatFin/StatFin__vrm__vaerak/055_vaerak_tau_124.px/?rxid=e685fd10-0a55-41cc-b577-a7e48eb8b15e
Statistics Finland Statistics Finland’s PX-Web databases. Table: Population aged 15 or over by level of education, municipality, gender and age 1970-2014 2014b Retrieved December 10, 2015, from http://pxnet2.stat.fi/PXWeb/pxweb/en/StatFin/StatFin__kou__vkour/?tablelist=true&rxid=0863fa89-345e-442f-8d67-3064c09dd43c
Walker J. K. , McGrath N. , Handel I. G. , Waran N. K. & Phillips C. J. C. Does owning a companion animal influence the belief that animals experience emotions such as grief? Animal Welfare 2014 23 1 71 79
Walker J. K. , McGrath N. , Nilsson D. L. , Waran N. K. & Phillips C. J. C. The role of gender in public perception of whether animals can experience grief and other emotions Anthrozoös 2014 27 2 251 266
Young R. L. & Thompson C. Y. Denzin N. K. The selves of other animals: Reconsidering Mead in light of multidisciplinary evidence 40th anniversary of studies in symbolic interaction 2013 Bingley, United Kingdom Emerald Group Publishing Limited 467 483
All Time | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 723 | 236 | 65 |
Full Text Views | 301 | 31 | 4 |
PDF Views & Downloads | 159 | 37 | 1 |
Mental capacities are an essential basis on which people give moral concern to nonhuman animals. Hence, it is important to investigate public perceptions of animal mind and the factors underlying these perceptions. Although research into citizen beliefs in animal mind has been increasing, population-based studies utilizing multivariate methods have been scarce. In this article, public perceptions of animal mind are investigated with a nationwide survey in Finland (n = 1,824). Eight animal species positioned differently in cultural categorizations are included in the analysis. Dogs were ascribed the most capacities, followed by cows, pigs, wolves, and elk. Citizens expressed a low belief in the mental capacities of chicken, salmon, and shrimp. Classifying animals as companions, food, and threat influences the perceptions of animal mind. Young age, having a companion animal, valuing societal equality, and concern for animal welfare and for animal utilization are connected to a greater belief in animal mind.
All Time | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 723 | 236 | 65 |
Full Text Views | 301 | 31 | 4 |
PDF Views & Downloads | 159 | 37 | 1 |