The emergence of the Arab Spring in 2010 heralded a deep transformation within Muslim societies as well as the geopolitical arrangement of the region. These movements emerged after a non-Arab movement, the Iranian Green Movement in 2009, with which they shared various characteristics, ranging from its broad use of virtual space to movement without a classic leadership. While a large body of movement literature links the formation of social movement to either the structural opportunities or rational choice theory, the present paper addresses the cultural opportunity as a main facilitator-constraint in the movement formation. Given this fact that mediating between opportunities and mobilization are the shared meanings, the article seeks to empirically investigate cultural factors that construct and drive protests. From this perspective, the present study argues that movements tend to cluster in time and space because they are not independent of one another. Thus, it goes deep down in the way that different movements have had tremendous impacts on each other through examining the presence of the Master of Protest Frame (mpf). Transgressing the geographical borders and chronological phases, this factor has shaped movements strategies. Finally and to place recent events in a generalizable analysis, the paper employs a cross-national analysis, with focusing on Iran in 2009 and Egypt in 2010.
Purchase
Buy instant access (PDF download and unlimited online access):
Institutional Login
Log in with Open Athens, Shibboleth, or your institutional credentials
Personal login
Log in with your brill.com account
Beissinger, Structure and Example in Modular Political Phenomena: The Diffusion of Bulldozer/Rose/Orange/Tulip Revolutions, Perspectives on Politics (June 2007), pp. 259–276. 2007.
Bellin Eva R.The Robustness of Authoritarianism Reconsidered: Lessons of the Arab Spring. Comparative Politics. 44. 2 (2012): 127–149.
Bleixer Ronald, Popular Dissent, Human Agency and Global Politics (Cambridge) 2000.
Escobar Arturo, The Making Of Social Movements In Latin America: Identity, Strategy, And Democracy, Westview Press, 1992.
Gheitanchi Elham, Symbols, signs, and slogans of the demonstrations in Iran in Yahya Kamalipour, Media, Power, and Politics in the Digital Age: The 2009 Presidential Election Uprising in Iran. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. Inc, 2010.
Johnston Hank, , and Klandermans Bert, eds. Social Movements and Culture. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1995.
Klandermans Bert, , and Tarrow Sidney G., From Structure to Action: comparing social movement research across cultures, jai Press, 1989. p. 9.
Kurzman Charles. “ Structural Opportunities and Perceived Opportunities in Social-Movement Theory: Evidence from the Iranian Revolution of 1979.” American Sociological Review, 61, no. 1, (February 1996): 153–170.
Laclao Ernesto. New Reflection on Revolution of Our Time, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990.
Laclau Ernesto. The Making of Political Identities, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993.
Laclau Ernesto, , and Mouffe Chantal, Hegemony and Socialist Strategy: towards a Radical Democratic politics, Verso, 1985.
Laraña Enrique, , Johnston Hank, , and Guseld Joseph R., eds. New Social Movements: From Ideology to Identity. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1994.
McAdam Dough, Culture and Social Movement, in Larana, Enrique et. al., New Social Movement: From Ideology to Identity, Temple University Press, 1994.
McAdam Doug, , Tarrow Sidney, , and Tilly Charles. Dynamics of Contention, Cambridge: Cambridge University press, 2001.
Melucci Alberto, Challenging Codes: Collective action in the information age, Cambridge University Press, 1996.
Morris Aldon D., , and Mueller Carol McClurg, eds. 1992. Frontiers in Social Movement Theory. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press.
Olson Mancur, Jr., The Logic of Collective Action: Public Goods and the Theory of Groups, Harvard University Press, 1965, 2nd ed., 1971.
Reisinezhad Arash, The Iranian Green Movement: Fragmented Collective Action and Fragile Collective Identity, Journal of Iranian Studies, volume 48, issue 2, 2015.
Skocpol Theda, States and Social Revolutions: A Comparative Analysis of France, Russia, and China, Cambridge University Press (New York), 1979.
Swidler Ann, Culture in Action: Symbols and Strategies, American Sociological Review 51 (1986): 273–286.
Tarrow Sidney. 1994. Power in Movement: Social Movements, Collective Action, and Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Torfing Jacob. Poststructuralist Discourse Theory: Foucault, Laclau, Mouffe, and Zizek, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005.
Wiktorowicz Quintan, Islamic Activism: A Social Movement Theory Approach, Indiana University Press, 2003.
All Time | Past 365 days | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 964 | 112 | 9 |
Full Text Views | 224 | 0 | 0 |
PDF Views & Downloads | 81 | 2 | 0 |
The emergence of the Arab Spring in 2010 heralded a deep transformation within Muslim societies as well as the geopolitical arrangement of the region. These movements emerged after a non-Arab movement, the Iranian Green Movement in 2009, with which they shared various characteristics, ranging from its broad use of virtual space to movement without a classic leadership. While a large body of movement literature links the formation of social movement to either the structural opportunities or rational choice theory, the present paper addresses the cultural opportunity as a main facilitator-constraint in the movement formation. Given this fact that mediating between opportunities and mobilization are the shared meanings, the article seeks to empirically investigate cultural factors that construct and drive protests. From this perspective, the present study argues that movements tend to cluster in time and space because they are not independent of one another. Thus, it goes deep down in the way that different movements have had tremendous impacts on each other through examining the presence of the Master of Protest Frame (mpf). Transgressing the geographical borders and chronological phases, this factor has shaped movements strategies. Finally and to place recent events in a generalizable analysis, the paper employs a cross-national analysis, with focusing on Iran in 2009 and Egypt in 2010.
All Time | Past 365 days | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 964 | 112 | 9 |
Full Text Views | 224 | 0 | 0 |
PDF Views & Downloads | 81 | 2 | 0 |