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A Responsum by the Fifth/Eleventh-Century Imāmī Theologian Abū Yaʿlā Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan b. Ḥamza al-Jaʿfarī on the Number of the Imams

In: Shii Studies Review
Authors:
Hassan Ansari Visiting Professor, School of Historical Studies, Islamic Law and Theology, Institute for Advanced Study Princeton NJ USA

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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3048-8399
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Hamid Ataei Nazari Independent scholar

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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4726-6346
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Sabine Schmidtke Professor, School of Historical Studies, Islamic Intellectual History, Institute for Advanced Study Princeton NJ USA

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Abstract

MS Tehran, Dānishgāh-i Tihrān 5396, a multitext codex dating to the eleventh/seventeenth century, includes a tract entitled Risālat al-ḥujja fī l-imāma by the little-known fifth/eleventh-century Imāmī theologian Abū Yaʿlā Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan b. Ḥamza al-Jaʿfarī. The text is transmitted in two additional witnesses, and in both it is attributed to al-Sharīf al-Murtaḍā (d. 436/1044). The tract was recently published as a work by al-Murtaḍā on the basis of one of these witnesses, which was believed to be a unique copy. The present study discusses the scarce available data about Abū Yaʿlā al-Jaʿfarī and shows that he, rather than al-Murtaḍā, is the author of the tract, which circulated under titles such as Risālat al-ḥujja fī l-imāma and Masʾala fī bayān imāmat al-aʾimma al-ithnay ʿashar ʿalayhim ṣalawāt Allāh wa-l-malāʾika wa-l-bashar. Finally, we present a critical edition of the tract, one of the earliest extant Imāmī writings on the question of the number of the imams, on the basis of all three witnesses.

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