Scholars have long queried the influence of rhetorical theory upon Irenaeus’ thought. Despite the identification of various aspects of rhetorical theory in his work, a clear sense of the centrality and importance of rhetorical theory to Irenaeus has not emerged. In this article I argue that concepts belonging to literary and rhetorical theory are of central importance to Irenaeus’ anti-Gnostic polemic in ah 1.8.1-10.3 and even feature in his constructive thought. What emerges is a picture of Irenaeus as a polemicist and theologian who ably uses tools acquired in a thorough grammatical and rhetorical education.
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Schoedel, ‘Philosophy and Rhetoric in Irenaeus,’ 31. The following paragraphs indicate that Schoedel is mainly questioning, in this last point, Irenaeus’ success in supporting a proposition. He writes, for instance, ‘Irenaeus’ partial and undeveloped answers are never to be separated from their polemical framework’ (p. 32).
P. Hefner, ‘Theological Methodology and St. Irenaeus,’ JrnRel 44.4 (1964) 294-309, here 295.
W.C. van Unnik, ‘Interesting Document,’ 206-7; R.A. Norris, ‘Theology and Language,’ 287-90; and R.M. Grant, Irenaeus of Lyons, 47-9. See also: P.M. Blowers, ‘Regula Fidei and Narrative Character,’ 211-12.
Sextus Empiricus, Against the Professors 3.3-4. Unless otherwise noted the text and translation of Sextus comes from Sextus Empiricus in Four Volumes (lcl; trans. R.G. Bury; Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1933-59). My presentation of Sextus closely follows the work of W. Trimpi, ‘The Ancient Hypothesis of Fiction: An Essay on the Origins of Literary Theory,’ Traditio 2 (1971) 1-78, here 21-22.
R.M. Grant, Irenaeus of Lyons, 47-8. For a more thorough sense of the term’s breadth, see: D. Holwerda, ‘Zur szenisch-technischen Bedeutung des Wortes ὑπόθεσις,’ pp. 173-98 in Miscellanea tragica in honorem J.C. Kamerbeek (eds. J.M. Bremer, et al.; Amsterdam: A. Hakkert, 1976); R. Kassel, ‘Hypothesis,’ pp. 53-9 in σxολια: Studia ad criticam interpretationemque textuum Graecorum et ad historiam iuris Graceo-Romani pertinentia viro doctissimo D. Holwerda oblata (eds. W.J. Aerts, et al.; Groningen: E. Forsten, 1985); and R. Meijering, Literary and Rhetorical Theories in Greek Scholia (Groningen: E. Forsten, 1987) 105-33.
Polybius, Histories 1.2.1; see, Grant, Irenaeus of Lyons, 47. R. Nünlist likewise reminds us that hypothesis is the most common word for ‘subject-matter’ in ancient literary criticism (The Ancient Critic at Work: Terms and Concepts of Literary Criticism in Greek Scholia [Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011] 24n.5).
Grant, Irenaeus of Lyons, 48; as found in Oxyrhynchus Papyri 52 (1984) 3650-53.
W. Trimpi, ‘The Ancient Hypothesis of Fiction: An Essay on the Origins of Literary Theory,’ Traditio 2 (1971) 1-78.
Briggman, Irenaeus and the Holy Spirit, 173-81. Norris approaches this understanding of the relationship of God to his economy when he writes, ‘There can, it seems, be no “going beyond” this hypothesis, but only ‘inquiry into the mystery and the economy of God that is’ (2.28.1)’ (‘Theology and Language,’ 294). The implication of this statement is that the mystery of God is the end of the divine economy articulated in the hypothesis of Scripture.
Young, The Art of Performance, 47-52; Blowers critiques Young’s position (‘Regula Fidei and Narrative Character,’ 210 and passim).
K. Eden, Hermeneutics and the Rhetorical Tradition: Chapters in the Ancient Legacy & Its Humanist Reception (New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1997) esp. 7-40; and ‘Economy in the Hermeneutics of Late Antiquity,’ in Reconfiguring the Relation Rhetoric/Hermeneutics, ed. George Pullman, Studies in the Literary Imagination 28.2 (1995) 13-26. As the notes indicate, the following discussion draws heavily upon Eden’s work. However, see also: Meijering, Literary and Rhetorical Theories, 134-200; and Nünlist, Ancient Critic, 24.
Eden, ‘Economy in the Hermeneutics of Late Antiquity,’ 13-14; see also, Hermeneutics and the Rhetorical Tradition, 28-29.
Quintilian, Inst. Orat. 7.10.11-12 and 7.10.16-17; see, Eden, ‘Economy in the Hermeneutics of Late Antiquity,’ 14.
Eden, ‘Economy in the Hermeneutics of Late Antiquity,’ 14; and Hermeneutics and the Rhetorical Tradition, 42. In the latter work Eden explains that a text may be read in light of either the historical or textual context (pp. 29-41); this study is primarily interested in the textual context.
D.A. Russell, Criticism in Antiquity (Berkely/Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1981) 100.
Sextus Empiricus, Against the Professors 1.263; a longer quotation of this passage appears in the previous section.
Schoedel, ‘Philosophy and Rhetoric in Irenaeus,’ 31; as discussed in the introduction to this study.
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Scholars have long queried the influence of rhetorical theory upon Irenaeus’ thought. Despite the identification of various aspects of rhetorical theory in his work, a clear sense of the centrality and importance of rhetorical theory to Irenaeus has not emerged. In this article I argue that concepts belonging to literary and rhetorical theory are of central importance to Irenaeus’ anti-Gnostic polemic in ah 1.8.1-10.3 and even feature in his constructive thought. What emerges is a picture of Irenaeus as a polemicist and theologian who ably uses tools acquired in a thorough grammatical and rhetorical education.
All Time | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 293 | 44 | 2 |
Full Text Views | 188 | 6 | 1 |
PDF Views & Downloads | 60 | 9 | 0 |