The penitent’s confession in Ps 51:6-7 contains the root ṣdq, generally denoting God’s righteousness, which designates God’s redemptive plan and fidelity to a faithful people and, thus, God’s steadfast love. Verse 6b reads: lěmaʿan tiṣdaq bědobrekā tizkeh bešopṭekā. The conjunction lěmaʿan has been understood in two different ways: some maintain that the conjunction expresses the purpose of the foregoing confession of sin, others that it introduces a consequence clause. In this exploration of the meaning of the passage we shall repeatedly encounter the question: what can and what cannot be deduced from the context of the psalm and from the broadest context of the Bible? To what degree may we rely on thematic, linguistic, literary, and stylistic properties of the psalm? How to explain the connection between the psalmist’s sin and the justification of God’s treatment of him in terms of redemption and judgement in the broadest Biblical context?
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See J. Magne, “Répétitions de mots et exégèse dans quelques psaumes et le Pater”, Biblica 39 (1958), 177-97, esp. 179-86. Regarding the division of the psalm Magne remarks (p. 181): “La division du psaume en deux grandes parties, entre les versets 11 et 12, ne peut être méconnue.” P. Auffret, in “Note sur la structure littéraire de Ps LI 1-19”, vt 26 (1976), pp. 142-47, however, finds it difficult to reconcile verses 10-11 with the proposed division; he sees in verses 10-11 “une charnière articulant entre eux 3-9 et 12-19. La purification (3-9, 11) s’achève en restaueration (10, 12-19).”
Ibidem, p. 311. On pp. 309-10 he gives also a convincing explanation: “Through his confession of guilt the psalmist evidences that the misery in which he finds himself is not in conflict with God’s righteousness, but rather a confirmation of God’s righteouesness in judgment. But in mainataining God’s righteousness in this manner, the psalmist keeps open for himself the possibility to hope in God’s salvation. For that God is righteous is not only to say that God punishes the guilty, but indicates also, indicates even above all the fact that He will grant his grace to the suppliant, who has hubled himself so deeply before Him.”
See Nic. H. Ridderbos, ibidem, p. 309.
Ibidem, p. 409.
See F.-L. Hossfeld and E. Zenger, Psalmen: 51-100 (HThK.AT; Freiburg—Basel—Wien: Herder, 2000), p. 52. In the continuation on the same page, he gives a more detailed explication: “Das is die Erkenntnis und das Bekenntnis, das in V 6cd im Zentrum dieses Abschnittes steht: Indem der Beter seine sündige Existenz dem richtenden Urteil des gnädigen und barmherzigen Gottes (V 3) übergibt, vertraut er auf dessen helfende und rettende Gerechtigkeit, die ihn aus seiner Sündenverfallenheit herausführen kann—zu einem neuen Leben (vgl. V 12-14).”
F. Baethgen, Die Psalmen, p. 148, remarks: “Augenscheinlich hat der Dichter absichtlich den drastischen Ausdruck gewählt.”
E. R. Dalglish, Psalm Fifty-One, p. 111, thinks that the psalmist is simply saying: “I have sinned against thee; whatever punishment you meet out is fully deserved.” On pages 112-13, he interprets the terms in the forensic sense. M. Dahood, Psalms II, p. 4, refers only to the word zkh, ‘be blameless’, and comments: “No one can bring a legitimate claim against you.” See further J. S. Kselman, “A Note on Ps 51:6”, cbq 39 (1977), pp. 251-53.
Ibidem, p. 409.
See E. Beaucamp, “Justice divine et pardon: ut justificeris in sermonibus tuis (Ps., LI,6b)”, A la rencontre de Dieu: Mémorial Albert Gelin (BFCThL 8; Le Puy: X. Mappus, 1961), pp. 129-44.
N. H. Ridderbos, ibidem, pp. 299-312, defends this interpretation and mentions names like Theodoretus, Bellarminus, Calvin, Cocceius, Wutz, etc. (p. 305). M. Dahood, Psalms II, p. 4, comments: “lĕmaʿan expresses consequence rather than purpose.”
See E. Nestle, Psalterium Chaldaicum ex Lagardiana Recensione (Tubingae: Fr. Fues, 1879); idem, Psalterium Tetraglottum: Graece, Syriace, Chaldaice, Latine (Tubingae: Fr. Fues, 1879), p. 53. Cf. also Nic. H. Ridderbos, ibidem, p. 303; D. M. Stec (trans.), The Targum of Psalms: Translated, with a Critical Introduction, Apparatus, and Notes (The Aramaic Bible 16; London—New York: T & T Clark, 2004), pp. 106-107
Ibidem, p. 307-308. This explacation adopted E. Zenger, ibidem. pp. 40-41.
E. Beaucamp, “Justice divine et pardon”, pp. 129-44, comes through a somewhat one-sided presentation of individual words to the conclusion that verse 6cd refers directly to divine forgiveness. But this seems unlikely.
See T. H. L. Parker (ed.), Iohannis Calvini Commentarius in Epistolam Pauli and Romanos (Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1981), pp. 57-58.
See J. Krašovec, Reward, Punishment & Forgiveness: The Thinking & Beliefs of Ancient Israel in the Light of Greek & Modern Views (VT.Sup 78; Leiden—Boston—Cologne: E. J. Brill, 1999).
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The penitent’s confession in Ps 51:6-7 contains the root ṣdq, generally denoting God’s righteousness, which designates God’s redemptive plan and fidelity to a faithful people and, thus, God’s steadfast love. Verse 6b reads: lěmaʿan tiṣdaq bědobrekā tizkeh bešopṭekā. The conjunction lěmaʿan has been understood in two different ways: some maintain that the conjunction expresses the purpose of the foregoing confession of sin, others that it introduces a consequence clause. In this exploration of the meaning of the passage we shall repeatedly encounter the question: what can and what cannot be deduced from the context of the psalm and from the broadest context of the Bible? To what degree may we rely on thematic, linguistic, literary, and stylistic properties of the psalm? How to explain the connection between the psalmist’s sin and the justification of God’s treatment of him in terms of redemption and judgement in the broadest Biblical context?
All Time | Past 365 days | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 253 | 26 | 9 |
Full Text Views | 265 | 2 | 0 |
PDF Views & Downloads | 131 | 6 | 0 |