Occurrence and pathology of mycotoxins in commercial parrot feeds
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Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites of fungi. Animal feeds can be easily infected by fungi during production and storage, resulting in mycotoxin contamination. This study was performed to evaluate the possible health risks of mycotoxin-contaminated feed for cockatiels. The occurrence of mycotoxins in commercial parrot feeds (5 seed mixes and 5 pelleted feeds) was investigated by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. The following 12 mycotoxins were detected: zearalenone, deoxynivalenol, 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol, 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol, fusarenon X, aflatoxin B1, sterigmatocystin, alternariol, alternariol methylether, fumonisin B1, fumonisin B3, and ochratoxin A. Zearalenone was the most prevalent. Pathological effects after 21 days feeding mycotoxin-contaminated diets were examined in anin vivo trial with 3 groups of 5 cockatiels: group 1 (control) was fed a non-contaminated pelleted feed; group 2 was fed a pelleted feed containing zearalenone, deoxynivalenol, 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol, and fumonisins; and group 3 was fed a pelleted feed containing fumonisins. Average body weight gain and relative organ weight were not significantly different between the treatment groups and the control group. Apoptosis of renal tubular cells, diarrhoea, reduced appetite, enlargement of liver, kidney and proventriculus were occasionally observed in the birds from groups 2 and 3. In summary, contamination with mycotoxins is common in parrot feeds. The mycotoxin levels did not reach toxic levels, but might pose a potential threat to some sensitive cockatiels.
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Occurrence and pathology of mycotoxins in commercial parrot feeds
In: World Mycotoxin JournalSearch for other papers by S.-J. Li in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by E. Njumbe Ediage in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by S. De Saeger in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by L. Van Waeyenberghe in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by A. Garmyn in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by M. Verlinden in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by R. Ducatelle in
Current site
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PubMed
Search for other papers by S. Croubels in
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PubMed
Search for other papers by F. Haesebrouck in
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PubMed
Search for other papers by F. Pasmans in
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PubMed
Search for other papers by A. Martel in
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PubMed
Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites of fungi. Animal feeds can be easily infected by fungi during production and storage, resulting in mycotoxin contamination. This study was performed to evaluate the possible health risks of mycotoxin-contaminated feed for cockatiels. The occurrence of mycotoxins in commercial parrot feeds (5 seed mixes and 5 pelleted feeds) was investigated by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. The following 12 mycotoxins were detected: zearalenone, deoxynivalenol, 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol, 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol, fusarenon X, aflatoxin B1, sterigmatocystin, alternariol, alternariol methylether, fumonisin B1, fumonisin B3, and ochratoxin A. Zearalenone was the most prevalent. Pathological effects after 21 days feeding mycotoxin-contaminated diets were examined in anin vivo trial with 3 groups of 5 cockatiels: group 1 (control) was fed a non-contaminated pelleted feed; group 2 was fed a pelleted feed containing zearalenone, deoxynivalenol, 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol, and fumonisins; and group 3 was fed a pelleted feed containing fumonisins. Average body weight gain and relative organ weight were not significantly different between the treatment groups and the control group. Apoptosis of renal tubular cells, diarrhoea, reduced appetite, enlargement of liver, kidney and proventriculus were occasionally observed in the birds from groups 2 and 3. In summary, contamination with mycotoxins is common in parrot feeds. The mycotoxin levels did not reach toxic levels, but might pose a potential threat to some sensitive cockatiels.
| All Time | Past 365 days | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 197 | 159 | 22 |
| Full Text Views | 20 | 6 | 0 |
| PDF Views & Downloads | 24 | 13 | 0 |
