Freedom of expression – particularly freedom of speech – is, in most Western liberal democracies, a well accepted and long established, though contested constitutional right or principle. Whilst based in ethical, rights-based and political theories, such as those of justice, the good life, personal autonomy, self determination, and welfare, as well as arrangements over legitimate government, pluralism and its limits, democracy and the extent and role of the state, there is always a lack of agreement over what precisely freedom of expression entails and how it should be applied. For the purposes of this book we are concerned with freedom of expression and the media with regard to the current application of legal standards and self-regulation to journalistic practice.
Justifications for freedom of expression do, in the end, inevitably involve the conduct of the media and it is this that concerns our authors. This book is concerned with these issues as they affect the contemporary media, the practice of journalism and why imposed constraints and the extent of the freedoms attached to freedom of expression are managed, and why they may or may not be ultimately regarded as legitimate or not legitimate. It is the practical matter of contemporary journalism and freedom of expression that concerns us. Consequently this is not a philosophical work so much as a work concerned with the way that freedom of expression is evoked and applied and those arguments that support or refute such evocation and application, focussing on areas of tension between freedom of expression and other considerations. In short, this is a book concerned with what the various authors regard as good practice as well as what they regard as problematic and why.
Most of the chapters in this book assume a UK regulatory framework, which, influenced by the EU requirements, imposes a differentiated burden on the broadcast media by comparison with the press and, to some degree, content on the Internet.
Merris Amos is a member of the Department of Law, Queen Mary, University of London. Her teaching and research is focused on the Human Rights Act 1998 and she is the author of a book and a number of articles concerning the protection of human rights at the national level.
Jackie Harrison is Professor of Public Communication and Chair of the Centre for Freedom of the Media (CFOM), Department of Journalism Studies, University of Sheffield. Her current research examines the civil power of the news.
Lorna Woods is Professor of Law, co-director of the Centre for Law, Justice and Journalism and member of the Law School at City University London. She has written extensively in the field of media regulation, with especial interest in the interplay between domestic and European legal orders in this field.
Preface Clemens Nathan;
Introduction: Freedom of Expression and the Media Merris Amos, Queen Mary, University of London,Professor Jackie Harrison, University of Sheffield and Professor Lorna Woods, City University London;
Free Speech, Communication and the State Professor Thomas Gibbons, University of Manchester;
Imposition or empowerment? Freedom of speech, broadcasting and impartiality Professor Steven Barnett, University of Westminster;
Impartiality in news coverage: the present and the future Professor Mike Feintuck, University of Hull;
Packaged Voices: a case study on the mediation of minority voices (asylum seekers) on television news Bernhard Gross, University of the West of England;
The Council of Europe’s standards on access to the media for minorities: A tale of near misses and staggered successes Dr Tarlach McGonagle, University of Amsterdam;
User Generated Content: Freedom of Expression and the Role of the Media in a Digital Age Professor Lorna Woods, City University London;
Freedom of Expression: The BBC and User Generated Content Professor Jackie Harrison, University of Sheffield;
What has human rights law done for the media? Merris Amos, Queen Mary, University of London;
Fighting Words - the War on Terror and Media Freedom Peter Noorlander, Media Legal Defence Initiative;
Conclusion: Utilising a Human Rights Framework Merris Amos, Queen Mary, University of London, Professor Jackie Harrison, University of Sheffield and Professor Lorna Woods, City University London.