The years from 1918 to 1945 remain central to European History. It was a breath-taking time during which the very best and very worst attributes of Mankind were on display. In the euphoria of peace which followed the end of the First World War, the Baltic States emerged as independent forces on the world stage, participating in thrilling experiments in national and transnational governance. Later, following economic collapse and in the face of rising totalitarianism among even Europe’s most cultured nations, Baltic communities succumbed to nationalism too. During wartime, Baltic peoples became both victims and, sometimes, victimisers. Ultimately their victimhood lasted until the end of the Cold War, yielding consequences still discernible at the start of the twenty first century. Taking the period 1918 to 1945 as pivotal, this collection of essays examines some of the key themes in Baltic History as they are emerging today. These include appreciations of identity, autonomy and the rights of national minorities; the everyday and social foundations of international security; and the importance of historical memory to popular and political identities.
"Was selten glückt, ist diesem Band gelungen: ein Aneinanderreihung von rundweg gleichwertigen, interessanten Texten zusammenzustellen. … [es gelingt] den Autoren oft, neue Zugänge zu vermeintlich bekannten Phänomene oder Ereignissen zu erschließen" – in: Nordost-Archiv XXI (2012)
"In sum, this is a book which historians of the Baltic region and those with a wider interest in national minorities will certainly find of considerable value." – in: European History Quarterly 43/2 (2013)
Martyn Housden and David J. Smith: Introduction
Frank Nesemann: A Special Baltic German Understanding about Finland’s Autonomy in the Russian Empire? Count Fabian Steinheil as the Governor-General of the Grand Duchy of Finland (1810–1823)
Rimantas Miknys and Darius Staliūnas: The “Old” and “New” Lithuanians: Collective Identity Types in Lithuania at the Turn of the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries
Andrejs Plakans: Regional Identity in Latvia: The Case of Latgale
Marko Lehti: The Dancing Conference of Bulduri: A Clash of Alternative Regional Futures
Martyn Housden: Securing the Lives of Ordinary People. Baltic Perspectives on the Work of the League of Nations
Michael Garleff: The Historiography of Paul Schiemann
Jörg Hackmann: Werner Hasselblatt on Cultural Autonomy: A Forgotten Manuscript
Martyn Housden and David J. Smith: A Matter of Uniqueness? Paul Schiemann, Ewald Ammende and Mikhail Kurchinskii Compared
Valters Ščerbinskis: Leaders, Divided Society and Crisis. The Coup d’État of 1934 in Latvia, its Causes and Consequences
Joachim Tauber: The View from the Top: German Soldiers and Lithuania in the Two World Wars
Erwin Oberländer: Soviet Genocide in Latvia? Conflicting Cultures of Remembrance of Stalin’s Policy, 1940–1953
Eva-Clarita Pettai: The Convergence of Two Worlds: Historians and Emerging Histories in the Baltic States
David J. Smith: “You’ve got to know History!” Remembering and Forgetting the Past in the Present-Day Baltic
Leonidas Donskis: The Unbearable Lightness of Incessant Change: The Predicaments of Modernity in Lithuania
Contributors