This volume describes the social and practical aspects of Islamic mysticism (Sufism) across centuries and geographical regions. Its authors seek to transcend ethereal, essentialist and “spiritualizing” approaches to Sufism, on the one hand, and purely pragmatic and materialistic explanations of its origins and history, on the other. Covering five topics (Sufism’s economy, social role of Sufis, Sufi spaces, politics, and organization), the volume shows that mystics have been active socio-religious agents who could skillfully adjust to the conditions of their time and place, while also managing to forge an alternative way of living, worshiping and thinking.
Basing themselves on the most recent research on Sufi institutions, the contributors to this volume substantially expand our understanding of the vicissitudes of Sufism by paying special attention to its organizational and economic dimensions, as well as complex and often ambivalent relations between Sufis and the societies in which they played a wide variety of important and sometimes critical roles.
Contributors are Mehran Afshari, Ismail Fajrie Alatas, Semih Ceyhan, Rachida Chih, Nathalie Clayer, David Cook, Stéphane A. Dudoignon, Daphna Ephrat, Peyvand Firouzeh, Nathan Hofer, Hussain Ahmad Khan, Catherine Mayeur-Jaouen, Richard McGregor, Ahmet Yaşar Ocak, Alexandre Papas, Luca Patrizi, Paulo G. Pinto, Adam Sabra, Mark Sedgwick, Jean-Jacques Thibon, Knut S. Vikør and Neguin Yavari
Alexandre Papas, Ph.D. (2004) is Senior Research Fellow at the French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS) in Paris. He has published monographs, collaborative volumes and articles on the history of Sufism, including Thus Spake the Dervish (Brill, 2019).
Contents
Acknowledgments List of Figures
Introduction: What Is a Ṣūfī Institution? A Dichotomy in Ṣūfī Studies Alexandre Papas
Part 1: The Economy of Sufism
1 Economies of Sufism Adam Sabra
2 Endowments for Ṣūfīs and Their Institutions Nathan Hofer
3 Donations to Ṣūfīs and Ṣūfī Institutions Hussain Ahmad Khan
4 Sufism, Futuwwa, and Professional Guilds Mehran Afshari
Part 2: Ṣūfī Places and Dwellings
5 Ṣūfī Places and Dwellings Daphna Ephrat and Paulo G. Pinto
6 Ṣūfī Shrines Catherine Mayeur-Jaouen
7 Ṣūfī Lodges Peyvand Firouzeh
8 Ṣūfī Outposts (ribāṭs) Nathan Hofer
Part 3: The Social Role of Ṣūfīs
9 The Social Role of Ṣūfīs Rachida Chih
10 Ṣūfī Altruism Richard McGregor
11 Sufism, Urbanisation, and Sociability in Cities Nathalie Clayer
12 Ṣūfīs in Rural Environments Ahmet Yaşar Ocak
Part 4: Sufism and Worldly Powers
13 Sufism and Worldly Powers Alexandre Papas
14 Ṣūfī Terminology of Power
15 Ṣūfīs as Court Advisors Neguin Yavari
16 Sufism, the Army, and Holy War David Cook
17 Ṣūfī Sultanates and Imamates Knut S. Vikør
Part 5: The Organisation of Mysticism
18 The Organisation of Mysticism Mark Sedgwick
19 The First Communities Jean-Jacques Thibon
20 Ṣūfī Lineages and Families Ismail Fajrie Alatas
21 Established Ṣūfī Orders Semih Ceyhan
22 Cyber Sufism Stéphane A. Dudoignon
Name Index Place Index Thematic Index
All those interested in ascetic-mystical religions, the history and culture of Islam, Sufism, and Muslim societies.